Chemical Process

Industries

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Course outline(Ch.E-203)
Water treatment and operation of modern
steam power plants including generators,
engines, turbines and auxiliary equipment.
Heavy chemicals
Silicate and agro based industries
Fertilizers
Insecticides
Explosives

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Course Books
“Shreve’s Chemical Process Industries” by
George T.Austin ,5th edition
“A Textbook of chemical technology” by
G.N.Pandey (Vol.1)
“Encyclopedia of chemical technology” by
KirkOthmer, 4th Edition (Vol. 2)

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Basic Terminologies
Process
Chemical process
Chemical reaction
Chemical science
Chemical engineering
Process engineering
Unit operations
Unit process
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Basic Terminologies
Chemical Process Industries
Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
Block Flow Diagram (BFD)
Piping & Instrumentation Diagram (P & ID)

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Process
In science, a process is a sequence of
changes of a real object/body which is
observable using scientific method.

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Chemical Process
A chemical process is a method or means of
somehow changing one or more chemicals
or chemical compounds. Such a chemical
process can occur by itself or be caused by
somebody. Such a chemical process
commonly involves a chemical reaction of
some sort.

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Chemical Reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that
always results in the inter conversion of
chemical substances

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Chemical Science
Chemical science is the scientific study of
interaction of chemical substances that are
constituted of atoms or the subatomic
particles: protons, electrons and neutrons.

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Chemical Engineering
Chemical engineering is the application of
science, in particular chemistry and physics
along with mathematics and economics to
the process of converting raw materials or
chemicals into more useful or valuable
forms. Its practitioners are called chemical
engineers.

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Process Engineering
Process engineering is often a synonym for
chemical engineering and focuses on the design,
operation and maintenance of chemical and
material manufacturing processes. Process
engineering and process engineers are found in a
vast range of industries, such as the petrochemical,
mineral processing, material, Information
Technology, food and pharmaceutical and
biotechnological industries

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Unit Operation & Unit Process
Chemical engineering unit operations and
chemical engineering unit processing form the
main principles of all kinds of chemical industries
and are the foundation of designs of chemical
plants, factories, and equipment used.
Each genre of unit processing follows the same
chemical law.
Each genre of unit operations follows the same
physical law

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Chemical Process Industry
The chemical process industry comprises
the companies that produce industrial
chemicals and other useful products with
the help of different unit operations and unit
processes. It is central to modern world
economy, converting raw materials (oil,
natural gas, air, water, metals, minerals)
into more than 70,000 different products in
the world.

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Block Flow Diagram
Block diagram is a diagram of a system, in
which the principal parts or functions are
represented by blocks connected by lines,
that show the relationships of the blocks.
They are heavily used in the engineering
world in hardware design, software design,
and process flow diagrams.

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Process Flow Diagram
A process flow diagram (PFD) is a diagram
commonly used in chemical and process
engineering to indicate the general flow of plant
processes and equipment. The PFD displays the
relationship between major equipment of a plant
facility and does not show minor details such as
piping details and designations. Another
commonly-used term for a PFD is a flowsheet..

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Piping & Instrumentation Diagram
A diagram which shows the interconnection of
process equipment and the instrumentation used to
control the process.
In the process industry, a standard set of symbols
is used to prepare drawings of processes. The
instrument symbols used in these drawings are
generally based on Instrumentation, Systems, and
Automation Society (ISA) Standard

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Standard Symbols

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Sump
A sump is a low space that collects any
often-undesirable liquids such as water or
chemicals.

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