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    Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose)

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    cikcome
    Glucose homeostasis, or the regulation of blood glucose levels, involves the liver, tissues such as muscle and fat, and hormones. The liver regulates glucose levels by uptake or output depending on blood glucose concentration. Tissues also regulate levels through glucose uptake and utilization. Hormones such as insulin, glucagon, growth hormones, glucocorticoids, and adrenaline work to either increase or decrease blood glucose levels through processes like glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and lipolysis. Together, tissues and hormones maintain stable blood glucose within the body.

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    Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose)

    Uploaded by

    cikcome
    318 views36 pages
    Glucose homeostasis, or the regulation of blood glucose levels, involves the liver, tissues such as muscle and fat, and hormones. The liver regulates glucose levels by uptake or output depending on blood glucose concentration. Tissues also regulate levels through glucose uptake and utilization. Hormones such as insulin, glucagon, growth hormones, glucocorticoids, and adrenaline work to either increase or decrease blood glucose levels through processes like glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and lipolysis. Together, tissues and hormones maintain stable blood glucose within the body.

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    Glucose Homeostasis

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    Glucose homeostasis, or the regulation of blood glucose levels, involves the liver, tissues such as muscle and fat, and hormones. The liver regulates glucose levels by uptake or output depending on blood glucose concentration. Tissues also regulate levels through glucose uptake and utilization. Hormones such as insulin, glucagon, growth hormones, glucocorticoids, and adrenaline work to either increase or decrease blood glucose levels through processes like glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and lipolysis. Together, tissues and hormones maintain stable blood glucose within the body.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    318 views36 pages

    Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose)

    Uploaded by

    cikcome
    Glucose homeostasis, or the regulation of blood glucose levels, involves the liver, tissues such as muscle and fat, and hormones. The liver regulates glucose levels by uptake or output depending on blood glucose concentration. Tissues also regulate levels through glucose uptake and utilization. Hormones such as insulin, glucagon, growth hormones, glucocorticoids, and adrenaline work to either increase or decrease blood glucose levels through processes like glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and lipolysis. Together, tissues and hormones maintain stable blood glucose within the body.

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 36

    GLUCOSE

    HOMEOSTASIS
    (REGULATION OF BLOOD
    GLUCOSE)
    ` Definition
    Maintenance of the stable level of
    glucose in blood
    COMPONENTS
    Liver

    Extrahepatic tissues

    Several hormones
    FACTORS REGULATE
    BLOOD GLUCOSE

    (1)DIFFERENT
    TISSUES & (2)HORMONES
    ORGANS
    1)REGULATION BY DIFFERENT
    TISSUES & ORGANS
     Gastro-intestinal tract

     Glucose uptake by different tissues

     Liver

     Kidneys

     Adipose tissues

     Skeletal muscle
    GASTRO-
    INTESTINA
    L TRACT
     Protects body from sudden and excessive increase in
    blood glucose by:

     ~gradual evacuation of gastric contents allow good time


    for absorption and utilization of glucose.

     ~secretion GIT hormones

    ++insulin secretion (B-cells of pancreas)

    Insulin : secreted to portal blood before absorption of


    glucose
    GLUCOSE
    UPTAKE BY
    DIFFERENT
     Mediated through different protein transporter
    (GLUT 4)

     Function of GLUT 4 :
    Insulin dependent in
    skeletal muscle,heart
    and adipose tissues
    LIVER
    (MAIN
    ORGAN)
     Responsible for glucose homeostasis mechanism

     Uptake or output glucose

    directly related to blood glucose level


    HYPERGLYCEMIA
     Definition : increases glucose level in blood

    ~increase rate of glucose utilization in :

    Oxidation
    Glycogenesis
    Lipogenesis

    ~decrease rate of :

    Glycogenolysis
    Gluconeogenesis
    KIDNEYS
     Regulates blood glucose through :

    *Oxidation

    *Glycogenesis

    *Glycogenolysis

    *Gluconeogenesis
     Prevent loss of glucose in urine

     Renal tubules-reabsorp glucose completely from glomerular


    filtrate up to the level of 180mg/dl

     Normally : urine is free from glucose

     Renal glucosuria :~present of glucose in urine


    ~renal threshold abnormally low
    ADIPOSE
    TISSUES
    FUNCTION
     Play role in glucose homeostasis mechanism

     Increases blood glucose level : increases uptake of


    glucose by tissues

     Increases utilization through oxidation & lipogenesis


     Fasting/CHO deficiency :

    decreases uptake & utilization of glucose

    ++lipolysis

    increases glycerol & free F.A


     Free F.A : utilized by different tissues.

     Increases of oxidation F.A(liver)

    ++Gluconeogenesis , --Glycolysis

    *Released of glycerol (lipolysis)

    acts as substrate for gluconeogenesis


    SKELETAL
    MUSCLE
     CHO feeding Increases glucose uptake

    Increases glucose oxidation

    Increases gluconegenesis

     Fasting : Decreases glucose level muscle oxidize


    F.A & ketone bodies

    A.A released from muscle utilized as


    substrate for gluconeogenesis(liver)
     Severe muscle exercise lactate produced
    used as substrate for gluconeogenesis(liver)
    2)REGULATION BY HORMONES

     Hormones are present in balance.

     Formed by insulin and anti-insulin


    GLUCAGON

    INSULIN ADRENALINES

    HORMONES

    GROWTH
    GLUCOCORTICOIDS HORMONES
    INSULINS
     Decreases blood glucose :

    Glucose enterance to cells


    Muscle and liver glycogenesis
    Gluconeogenesis
    Glycogenolysis
    Ketogenesis
    Lipolysis
    Lipogenesis
    Protein synthesis
    GLUCAGON
     Increases blood glucose :

    Glycogenolysis in liver

    Gluconeogenesis
    GROWTH HORMONES
     Increases blood glucose level :

    glucose uptake by the tissues

    mobilization of fatty acids,which glucose


    utilization
    GLUCOCORTICOIDS
     It is hyperglycemic hormone :

    Gluconeogenesis by provision of amino acids


    and by induction of required enzymes

    Facilitate the action of glucagons,adrenaline


    and growth hormones.
    ADRENALINE
     It is hyperglycemic hormone :

    Glycogenolysis

    Insulin secretion

    Gluconeogenesis
    MEMBERS’ GROUP NAME:
     NUR AISYAH BINTI MOHAMAD AKIL
     NURATIQAH DIYANA BT MAD YUSOF
     NUR IZZATI BT ZAMBRI
     NUR AIN BT ZULALIZA
     NOOR FATIN FAKHRIAH BT MOHD FADZIL
     NURFATIHAH BT EKRAM
     NUR FAJWAHANI BT IZHAR
     NOR FARHANA BINTI MOHD ZIN
     NURFARAHIN BT EKRAM
     NUR FAZLIYANA AQMAR BT ZAINUDDIN
     NUR LIYANA BT AHMAD ZAKI
     NUR MASTURA BT WAZIR

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