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Syntax PL - SQL Program

This document provides syntax examples for writing SQL programs, including: 1) The basic structure of a SQL program using declare, begin, exception, and end keywords. 2) Examples of for, reverse for, if/else, and loop structures for writing conditional logic. 3) Three examples of PL/SQL code blocks demonstrating the use of loops and conditional statements to invert a number, calculate a sum of natural numbers, and calculate circle areas for a range of radii.

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manasmanoj
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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142 views

Syntax PL - SQL Program

This document provides syntax examples for writing SQL programs, including: 1) The basic structure of a SQL program using declare, begin, exception, and end keywords. 2) Examples of for, reverse for, if/else, and loop structures for writing conditional logic. 3) Three examples of PL/SQL code blocks demonstrating the use of loops and conditional statements to invert a number, calculate a sum of natural numbers, and calculate circle areas for a range of radii.

Uploaded by

manasmanoj
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Syntax to write a sql program

Declare
<declaration stmts>
Begin
<executable stmts>
[exception <exceptional stmts>]----- optional
End;

PS:
For syntax:
For <var> in <start_num> .. <endnum> loop
<statement(s);>
End loop;

PS:

Reverse For syntax:


For <var> in reverse <start_num> .. <endnum> loop
<statement(s);>
End loop;

Other forms of if syntax are:


If <condition> then
<action(s);>
End if;

If <condition> then
<action(s);>
Else
<action(s);>
End if;

If <condition> then
<action(s);>
Elseif <condition> then
<action(s);>
else
<action(s);>
End if;
PS:
Loop syntax:
loop
<statement(s);>
Exit when <condition>;
End loop;

1) Write a PL/SQL code, EX_INVNO.SQL, block for


inverting a number using all forms of loops.

ANSWER:-

declare

n number(20):=123;

s number(13):=0;

d number(3):=1;

r number(3):=10;

begin

dbms_output.put_line('the number is :' || n);

while n>0 loop

d:=mod(n,10);

s:=(s*r)+d;

n:=n/r;

end loop;

dbms_output.put_line('inverted values' || s);

end;
/

OUTPUT:-

the number is:123

inverted value is:321

2) Write a PL/SQL code, EX_SUMNO.SQL that prints


the sum of ‘n’ natural numbers.

ANSWER:-

prompt enter number:

accept number n

declare

isum number(2):=0;

i number;

n number:=&n;

begin

for i in 1..n loop

isum:=isum+i;

end loop;

dbms_output.put_line('sum is ' || isum);

end;

OUTPUT:-
enter the number:7

sum is 28

3) Write a PL/SQL code, EX_AREA.SQL, of block to


calculate the area of the circle for the values of
radius varying from 3 to 7. Store the radius and the
corresponding values of calculated area in the table
AREA_VALUES.

ANSWER:-

set serveroutput on

declare

area number(5);

rad number(3);

pi number(4):=3.14;

begin

for rad in 3..7 loop

area:=pi*rad*rad;

dbms_output.put_line('area is' || area);

insert into area_values values(area,rad);

end loop;

end;

/
OUTPUT:-

area is :27
area is :48
area is :75
area is :108
area is :147

SQL>select * from area_values;


area rad
____ ____
27 3
48 4
75 5
108 6
147 7

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