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Digital Image Processing Lecture

This document discusses intensity transformation and spatial filtering techniques for image processing. It describes spatial domain processing where an operator is applied to each pixel based on neighboring pixels. Some basic intensity transformation functions are then presented, including image negatives, log transformations, power-law transformations, and piecewise-linear transformations such as contrast stretching and intensity-level slicing to highlight specific ranges. Examples are given for medical applications such as highlighting blood vessels and measuring contrast medium flow.

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Amit Singh
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41 views

Digital Image Processing Lecture

This document discusses intensity transformation and spatial filtering techniques for image processing. It describes spatial domain processing where an operator is applied to each pixel based on neighboring pixels. Some basic intensity transformation functions are then presented, including image negatives, log transformations, power-law transformations, and piecewise-linear transformations such as contrast stretching and intensity-level slicing to highlight specific ranges. Examples are given for medical applications such as highlighting blood vessels and measuring contrast medium flow.

Uploaded by

Amit Singh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Intensity Transformation and

Spatial Filtering
Spatial Domain vs. Transform Domain
Spatial Domain Process

g ( x, y )  T [ f ( x, y )])
f ( x, y ) : input image
g ( x, y ) : output image
T : an operator on f defined over
a neighborhood of point ( x, y)
Spatial Domain Process
Spatial Domain Process

Intensity transformation function


s  T (r )
Some Basic Intensity Transformation
Functions
Image Negatives

Image negatives
s  L 1 r
Log Transformations

Log Transformations
s  c log(1  r )
Power-Law (Gamma) Transformations


s  cr
Example: Gamma Transformations
Piecewise-Linear Transformations

► Contrast Stretching
— Expands the range of intensity levels in an image so that it spans
the full intensity range of the recording medium or display device.

► Intensity-level Slicing
— Highlighting a specific range of intensities in an image often is of
interest.
Highlight the major
blood vessels and
study the shape of the
flow of the contrast
medium (to detect
blockages, etc.)

Measuring the actual


flow of the contrast
medium as a function
of time in a series of
images
Bit-plane Slicing

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