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Module 13

The document summarizes the process of hearing, including how sound waves are converted to neural signals, how the ear is structured to transmit those signals, and how pitch and location of sounds are perceived. It discusses theories of how the cochlea and auditory nerve transmit pitch information and how we locate sounds. Finally, it outlines different types of hearing loss and mentions Deaf culture.

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66 views

Module 13

The document summarizes the process of hearing, including how sound waves are converted to neural signals, how the ear is structured to transmit those signals, and how pitch and location of sounds are perceived. It discusses theories of how the cochlea and auditory nerve transmit pitch information and how we locate sounds. Finally, it outlines different types of hearing loss and mentions Deaf culture.

Uploaded by

TheGreatHelper
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 13: Hearing

I- The Stimulus Input: Sound waves


A- Acoustical Transduction: Conversion of sound waves into neural impulses in the hair cells of
the inner ear.

B- Frequency- the number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time.

C- Pitch- a tone’s highness or lowness; depends on frequency.

II- The Ear

A- The middle ear- the chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing three tiny bones
(hammer, anvil, and stirrup) that concentrate the vibrations of that eardrum in the cochlea’s oval
window.

B-Inner ear- The innermost part of the ear, containing the cochlea, semicircular canals and
vestibular sacs.

C- Cochlea- A coiled, bony fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve
impulses.

III- How do we perceive pitch?

A- Place theory- in hearing, the theory that links the pitch we hear with the place where the cochlea’s
membrane is stimulated.

B- Frequency Theory- In hearing, the theory that the rate of nerve impulses traveling up the auditory
nerve matches the frequency of a tone, thus enabling us to sense its pitch.

IV- How do we locate sound? Hearing loss and Deaf culture

A- The ear’s intricate and delicate structure makes it vulnerable to damage.

B- Conduction hearing loss- hearing loss caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts
sound waves to the cochlea.

C- Sensorineural hearing loss- Hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea’s receptor cells or to
the auditory nerves; also called nerve deafness.

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