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    Morning Report: Ashley Ellsworth November 3, 2010

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    Emily Eresuma
    This document summarizes information about neuroblastoma, the third most common childhood cancer. It describes the signs and symptoms, locations, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and prognosis of neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma most commonly occurs in infants under 1 year of age and can present as abdominal masses or pain. Diagnosis involves urine and imaging tests. Treatment depends on age and stage, and may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Prognosis is best for children under 1, and survival rates decline with older age at diagnosis.

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    Morning Report: Ashley Ellsworth November 3, 2010

    Uploaded by

    Emily Eresuma
    100 views8 pages
    This document summarizes information about neuroblastoma, the third most common childhood cancer. It describes the signs and symptoms, locations, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and prognosis of neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma most commonly occurs in infants under 1 year of age and can present as abdominal masses or pain. Diagnosis involves urine and imaging tests. Treatment depends on age and stage, and may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Prognosis is best for children under 1, and survival rates decline with older age at diagnosis.

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    Neruoblastnoma 11.03.2010

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    This document summarizes information about neuroblastoma, the third most common childhood cancer. It describes the signs and symptoms, locations, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and prognosis of neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma most commonly occurs in infants under 1 year of age and can present as abdominal masses or pain. Diagnosis involves urine and imaging tests. Treatment depends on age and stage, and may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Prognosis is best for children under 1, and survival rates decline with older age at diagnosis.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    100 views8 pages

    Morning Report: Ashley Ellsworth November 3, 2010

    Uploaded by

    Emily Eresuma
    This document summarizes information about neuroblastoma, the third most common childhood cancer. It describes the signs and symptoms, locations, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and prognosis of neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma most commonly occurs in infants under 1 year of age and can present as abdominal masses or pain. Diagnosis involves urine and imaging tests. Treatment depends on age and stage, and may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Prognosis is best for children under 1, and survival rates decline with older age at diagnosis.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Morning Report

    Ashley Ellsworth
    November 3, 2010
    Neuroblastoma

     3rd most common childhood cancer (after


    leukemia and brain tumors)
     Most common solid extracranial tumor
     Most common cancer in infants <12 months
     >600 cases diagnosed a year
     15% of pediatric cancer mortalities
    Signs and Symptoms
     Abdominal mass
     Abdominal pain
     Proptosis
     Periorbital ecchymoses
     Horner Syndrome
     Back pain
     Opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia
     Secretory diarrhea
     Systemic symptoms
     Bone pain
     Anemia
     Hypertension
    Location

     Sympathetic nervous system


     Adrenal gland (40%)
     Abdominal sympathetic ganglia (25%)
     Thoracic sympathetic ganglia (15%)
     Cervical sympathetic ganglia (5%)
     Pelvic sympathetic ganglia (5%)
    Diagnosis
     CBC abnormal if bone marrow involvement
     Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid
    (HVA)
     Defective synthesis of catecholamines -> accumulation of
    intermediates
     Abnormal in 90% of cases
     Bone Marrow Aspirate and biopsy
     CT/MRI of abdomen, imaging of chest
     Bone scan
     Tissue biopsy
    Staging
     Stage 1: localized tumor with complete gross excision
     Stage 2A: localized tumor with incomplete gross excision. Negative
    ipsilateral lymph nodes
     Stage 2B: localized tumor with or without complete gross excision.
    Positive ipsilater lymph nodes. Negative contralateral lymph nodes
     Stage 3: Unresectable unilateral tumor, infiltrating across midline, +/-
    regional lymph node involvlement. Localized unilateral tumor with
    contralateral regional lymph node involvement. Midline tumor with b/l
    extension.
     Stage 4: Primary tumor with dissemination to distant lymph nodes,
    bone, bone marrow, liver, skin and/or other organs.
     Stage 4S: Localized primary tumor with dissemination limited to skin,
    liver, and/or bone marrow (limited to infants <1 yr).
    Treatment
     Dependent on age and stage
     Surgery alone
     Surgery and chemotherapy
     Radiation therapy is reserved for
    unresectable tumors or those unresponsive
    to chemo
     Observation
     High rate of spontaneous regression in infants
    with 4S
    Prognosis

     Extent of metastatic spread is most important


    factor
     Higher stage disease more commonly
    diagnosed in older children
     Five-year survival rates
     Children < 1 yr: 83%
     Children 1-4 yrs: 55%
     Children 5-9 yrs: 40%

    Information taken from UpToDate: Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging evaluation of neuroblastoma
    Treatment and prognosis of neuroblastoma
    Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and pathology of neuroblastoma

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