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Day 2 - Inclination and Slope of A Line

The document defines inclination as the smallest positive angle measured from the positive x-axis to a non-vertical line. Slope is defined as the tangent of the angle of inclination. Parallel lines have equal slopes, and perpendicular lines have slopes that are negative reciprocals of each other, or their product is -1. The document provides examples of finding slopes and angles of inclination from points, determining if lines are perpendicular, and identifying properties of shapes defined by points.

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Ivan Matala
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2K views9 pages

Day 2 - Inclination and Slope of A Line

The document defines inclination as the smallest positive angle measured from the positive x-axis to a non-vertical line. Slope is defined as the tangent of the angle of inclination. Parallel lines have equal slopes, and perpendicular lines have slopes that are negative reciprocals of each other, or their product is -1. The document provides examples of finding slopes and angles of inclination from points, determining if lines are perpendicular, and identifying properties of shapes defined by points.

Uploaded by

Ivan Matala
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INCLINATION AND SLOPE OF A LINE

Prepared by:
Prof. Teresita P. Liwanag – Zapanta
B.S.C.E., M.S.C.M., M.Ed. (Math-units), PhD-TM (on-going)
INCLINATION AND SLOPE OF A LINE
 
The inclination of the line, L, (not
parallel to the x-axis) is defined as the
smallest positive angle measured from the
positive direction of the x-axis or the
counterclockwise direction to L.
The slope of the line is defined as
the tangent of the angle of inclination.
PARALLEL AND PERPENDICULAR LINES

If two lines are parallel their slope


are equal. If two lines are perpendicular
the slope of one of the line is the negative
reciprocal of the slope of the other line.
If m1 is the slope of L1 and m2 is the
slope of L2 then, or m1m2 = -1.
y y

x
Sign Conventions:

Slope is positive (+), if the line is leaning to


the right.
Slope is negative (-), if the line is leaning to
the left.
Slope is zero (0), if the line is horizontal.
Slope is undefined ( ), if the line is vertical.
Examples:
1. Find the slope, m, and the angle of inclination,
, of the lines through each of the following pair
of points.
a.(-8, -4) and (5, 9)
b.(10, -3) and (14, -7)
c. (-9, 3) and (2, -4).

2. The line segment drawn from (x, 3) to (4, 1) is


perpendicular to the segment drawn from (-5,
-6) to (4, 1). Find the value of x.
4. Show that the triangle whose vertices are
A(8, -4), B(5, -1) and C(-2,-8) is a right triangle.

5. Show that the points A(-2, 6), B(5, 3), C(-1, -11)
and D(-8, -8) are the vertices of a parallelogram. Is
the parallelogram a rectangle?

6. Find y if the slope of the line segment joining


(3, -2) to (4, y) is -3.

7. Show that the points A(-1, -1), B(-1, -5) and


C(12, 4) lie on a straight line.

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