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Problem24 78

1) The document discusses the electric field and charge distribution of a spherical capacitor made of a dielectric material surrounded by air. 2) It derives expressions for the capacitance and charge of the upper and lower hemispheres, showing the charge is proportional to the dielectric constant K. 3) Expressions are also derived for the free and bound surface charge densities on the inner and outer surfaces of the dielectric material in terms of the total charge Q and dielectric constant K.

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38 views

Problem24 78

1) The document discusses the electric field and charge distribution of a spherical capacitor made of a dielectric material surrounded by air. 2) It derives expressions for the capacitance and charge of the upper and lower hemispheres, showing the charge is proportional to the dielectric constant K. 3) Expressions are also derived for the free and bound surface charge densities on the inner and outer surfaces of the dielectric material in terms of the total charge Q and dielectric constant K.

Uploaded by

IENCS
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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24.78: a) For a normal spherical capacitor: C0  4πε0  .

Here we have, in
ra rb
rb  ra
effect, two parallel capacitors, C L and CU .
KC 0  rr  C  rr 
CL   2K 0  a b  and CU  0  2 0  a b .
2  rb  ra  2  rb  ra 
 b) Using a hemispherical Gaussian surface for each respective half:
4πr 2 QL QL 4πr 2 QU QU
EL   EL  and EU   EU  .
2 Kε0 2πKε0 r 2
2 ε0 2πε0 r 2
But Q L  VC L and QU  VCU , QL  QU  Q.
VC0 K Q KQ
So: QL  2
 KQU  QU (1  K )  Q  QU 
1 K
and QL 
1 K
.
KQ 1 2 Q Q 1 2 Q
 EL   2 and
EU   .
1  K 2πKε0 r 2
1  K 4πε0 r 1  K 2πKε0 r 2
1  K 4πKε0 r 2
c) The free charge density on upper and lower hemispheres are:
QU Q Qu Q
(σ f r )U  2
 2 and (σ f ra )U  2
 2
.
a
4πra 4πra (1  K ) 4πrb 4πrb (1  K )
QL KQ QL KQ
(σ f rs ) L  2
 2 and (σ f ra ) L  2
 2
.
4πra 4πra (1  K ) 4πrb 4πrb (1  K )
( K  1) Q K K1 Q
 d)  σ i ra  σ f ra (1  1 K )   .
4πra K  1 K  1 4πra
2 2
K
( K  1) Q K K1 Q
σ i rb  σ f rb (1  1 K )   .
4πra K  1 K  1 4πrb
2 2
K
e) There is zero bound charge on the flat surface of the dielectric-air interface, or else
that would imply a circumferential electric field, or that the electric field changed as we
went around the sphere.

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