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Problem41 52

1) Coulomb's law is applied to calculate the forces on an electron orbiting the nucleus, setting the attractive and repulsive forces equal to the centripetal force. 2) This allows deriving an expression for the radius of the first Bohr orbit in terms of physical constants. 3) The radius, kinetic energy, potential energy, and total energy are then calculated, with the total energy coming within 5% of the accepted value for hydrogen.

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17 views1 page

Problem41 52

1) Coulomb's law is applied to calculate the forces on an electron orbiting the nucleus, setting the attractive and repulsive forces equal to the centripetal force. 2) This allows deriving an expression for the radius of the first Bohr orbit in terms of physical constants. 3) The radius, kinetic energy, potential energy, and total energy are then calculated, with the total energy coming within 5% of the accepted value for hydrogen.

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IENCS
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41.

52: a) Apply Coulomb’s law to the orbiting electron and set it equal to the centripetal
force. There is an attractive force with charge +2e a distance r away and a repulsive force
a distance 2r away. So,
(2e)(e) (  e) (  e)  mv 2
  .
4 0 r 2 4 0 (2r ) 2 r

But, from the quantization of angular momentum in the first Bohr orbit, L  mvr    v .
mr
 mv 2  m mr 
2
 2e 2 e2 2
So     
4πε0 r 2 4πε0 (4r ) 2 r r mr 3
 7 e2 4πε0  2 4  4πε0  2 
    r   
4 r2 mr 3 7  me 2 
4 4
 a 0  (0.529  10 10 m)  3.02  10 11 m.
7 7

 7  7 (1.054  10 34 J  s)
And v    31 10
 3.83  10 6 m s .
mr 4 ma0 4 (9.11  10 kg)(0.529  10 m)
 12 31 17
b) KE  2 mv   9.11  10 kg (3.83  10 m s)  1.34  10 J  83.5 eV.
6 2

2 
  2e 
2
e2  4e 2 e2
c)  PE  2    
 4πε0 r  4πε0 (2r ) 4πε0 r 4πE0 (2r )
 7  e2 
    2.67  10 17 J  166.9 eV.
2  4πε0 r 
d)  E  [166.9 eV  83.5 eV]  83.4 eV, which is only off by about 5% from the
real value of 79.0 eV.

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