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Department of Mechanical Engineering

This laboratory report details a tensile test experiment conducted on steel and aluminum specimens. The experiment measured properties such as tensile stress, elastic limit, and strain at fracture for each material. The procedure involved measuring specimen dimensions, performing tensile tests at increasing loads, and recording the corresponding extensions. Results were tabulated showing load, extension, stress, and strain values. The steel specimen withstood higher stresses and strains before fracturing compared to the aluminum specimen. This test provides information to engineers on material selection for different loading conditions.

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Kano Molapisi
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92 views4 pages

Department of Mechanical Engineering

This laboratory report details a tensile test experiment conducted on steel and aluminum specimens. The experiment measured properties such as tensile stress, elastic limit, and strain at fracture for each material. The procedure involved measuring specimen dimensions, performing tensile tests at increasing loads, and recording the corresponding extensions. Results were tabulated showing load, extension, stress, and strain values. The steel specimen withstood higher stresses and strains before fracturing compared to the aluminum specimen. This test provides information to engineers on material selection for different loading conditions.

Uploaded by

Kano Molapisi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Mechanical Engineering

Laboratory Report; Tensile Testing Stress – Strain


Tensile Test

Objective

This experiment is to investigate the behaviour of two materials specimen under Tensile
Testing. The materials to be investigated are Steel and Aluminium, when performing this
tensile test the following properties are to be observed; tensile (ultimate) stress, Elastic
limit, Fracture and calculate the strain of each material after fracture. This test helps
engineers to know what kind of material should be used for a particular load.

Equipment

- Specimen (Steel rod and Aluminium strip)


- Hounsfield Extensometer
- Steel Rule
- Venircaliper Gauge

Procedure

The length of the specimen and the cross-section area of the specimen were calculated.

o Measure the length and calculate the cross-section area of each specimen.
o Familiarise yourself with the controls and displays of measurements on the
Hounsfield Extensometer and how to load the specimen.
o Fit your specimen firmly into the jaws and the grips and measure the gauge
length of the specimen.
o Record each extension units after each 1000N applied and tabulate the
results.

Picture of a Hounsfield Extensometer


Tabulation and Presentation

Specimen 1 (Steel)

Load k(N) Extension (*10-3 m) Stress (N.m-2) Strain m.m-1


(*10-2)
0 0 0 0
1 0 34129.69 0
2 0 68259.39 0
3 0.5 102389.08 0.4587
4 0.5 136518.77 0.4587
5 1.0 170648.46 0.9174
6 1.5 204778.16 1.3761
7 1.5 238907.85 1.3761
8 1.5 273037.54 1.3761
9 2.0 307167.24 1.8349
10 2.0 341296.93 1.8349
11 2.5 375426.62 2.2936
12 3.5 409556.31 3.2110
13 5.0 443686.0 4.5871
14 7.0 477815.70 6.4220
15 12.5 511945.39 11.4679
15.15 22.5 517064.85 20.6422
Gauge length; 109 (*10-3) m

Diameter; 6.11 (*10-3)m

Cross-section Area = π (6.11*10-3m) 2 / 4

=2.932056278*10-5m-2

=2.93 *10-5 m-2

Sample of calculations on tabulation

Stress = (Length after extension-Gauge length) / L

Strain = Load / Area

= 4000 N / 2.93*10-5m-2

= 136518.7 N.m- 2
Specimen 2 (Aluminium)

Load k(N) Extension(*10-3m) Stress (N.m-2) Strain (*10 -2 ) m.m-


0 0 0 0
1 0 13333.33 0
2 0 26666.67 0
3 0.5 40000.0 0.3311
4 0.5 53333.33 0.3311
5 1.0 66666.67 0.6662
6 1.0 80000.0 0.6662
7 1.0 93333.33 0.6662
8 1.5 106666.67 0.9934
9 1.5 120000.0 0.9934
10 1.5 133333.33 0.9934
11 2.0 146666.67 1.3245
12 2.5 160000.0 1.6556
13 2.5 173333.33 1.6556
14 4.0 186666.67 2.6490
15 7.5 200000.0 4.9669
15.375 16.0 205000.0 10.5960

Gauge length; 151(*10-3) m

Aluminium; Width; 25(10-3) m

Breath; 3(10-3) m

Cross-section Area = length * breath

i.e = 25(*10-3)m * 3(10-3) m

=75(*10-6) m-2

Stress = ΔL / L

Strain = Load / Area

=4000 N / 75(*10-6) m-2

= 53333.33 N.m- 2

Conclusion

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