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Session - 1: - Introduction To Database - Characteristics of Database - Data Independence - Database System Architecture

The document introduces databases and their key components. It discusses the characteristics of databases including performance, integrity, and data independence. Data independence allows data to be accessed independently of its logical or physical representation. The document also outlines the architecture of a database system, including the database manager, file manager, query processor, DML pre-compiler, and DDL compiler.

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Phani Kumar Sapogu
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52 views

Session - 1: - Introduction To Database - Characteristics of Database - Data Independence - Database System Architecture

The document introduces databases and their key components. It discusses the characteristics of databases including performance, integrity, and data independence. Data independence allows data to be accessed independently of its logical or physical representation. The document also outlines the architecture of a database system, including the database manager, file manager, query processor, DML pre-compiler, and DDL compiler.

Uploaded by

Phani Kumar Sapogu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Session - 1

• Introduction to Database

• Characteristics of Database

• Data Independence

• Database System Architecture


Introduction to Database
Computer record-keeping system
(or)
Collection of inter-related data stored together without
harm
(or)
Repository for stored data

Components:

Data, Hardware, Software, Users


Users

a) Application Programmers

b) End users
i) Sophisticated end users
ii) Specialized end users
iii) Naive end users

c) Database administrators (DBAs)


Characteristics of Database Systems

Performance

Minimal Redundancy

Integrity

Privacy and Security

Migration of Data

Data Independence
Data Dependence

Format of Data

Location of Data

Data Access
Data Independence
• Independent of Data

Stages:

Logical Model

Conceptual Model
EM1 EM2 EM3 User’s Environment

Application 1
Physical
Req. Impl.of
Conceptual Logical
Application 2 Model Database
Model
Req. Design
Application 3
Req. Internal
Model
DBMS designer
designs
conceptual Level

Steps to built Data Independence


Conceptual Requirement of various users are combined
together into a single view called Conceptual Model.

This conceptual model is translated into data model which


is compatible with chosen DBMS. This translated form
is called Logical Model.

The subsets of these models, called External Models are


then presented to the user.
Database System Architecture
Sophisticated
Beginners Appl.Programmer DBA
User

Appl. interfaces Appl. Programs Query DB Scheme

DML Pre-compiler Query Processor DDL


Compiler
Appl. Programs Database Manager
Object code DBMS
File Manager

Data Files Disk


Data Dictionary
Database Manager

Interface between low level data stored in the database


and application programs and queries submitted to the
system.
File Manager

Manages allocation of space on disk storage and maintain


the data structures used to represent information stored
on disk.
Query Processor

Translates the query into low level instructions that can


be understood by the database manager.

DML Pre-Compiler

Translates the statements of DML into low-level


instructions.

Ex. Selection, Insertion, Deletion, Modification etc….


DDL Compiler

Translates the statements of DDL into low-level


instructions.

Ex. Creation, Alter etc…..

Data Dictionary

Is a file that contains information of various


available data-skeletons (Data about data)

Used by System before accessing the data in DB System.

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