Ex&$ LF 5't

!,yhq{ hurh

- li

U aA c^+a n *e +que , q E?

q bloc*i 0 -t0
0-l /o -zz = 0.4> . It, blo bqh h the
ttd bqbr1r, i\ seriee T& tq co the robam
2+)t sfed

- | c.6,?2)lF
l* a. 6?-r

= ?.o+

vn:;1 I of 'ilne l.E t" laJ

feste.[ [tfir,r' rril e {-s {' . f[tur,"te, ilr

1flr{ rwl

ilvi ri 1i trrl ic,'t'{s , tl'e iie '

"f i,,i*l eted l =€
( hrf ,?.'en

i,l:.2 ',r fii:qir,.rrl rir,-a-eq (ei tu *, l\-l . fi, a i^,i,.'k i h{.l €o \,, r

€l tlO i t" h* ir, ll, i

 :.N { zn-r

+lz lN r

,l
= 4NiN )N' /rln *l I\/xr

= 4tllN *r)N f {> !r.r r

= 4N I l\ ;r..1 + 4N I t-'i z5{

: 4Xf[ + /Nlnl +Ni

FI 4N

t,-t -r)
 sxft/I4pLg F.z
Dn* {l'e i ryherlthe __Cgjnllx !{ _TUIY\ i/p
ines . N = 9o ksgune eqch i nql (
o(e ,4sgurhe q o(te-tlqae mqfrix ir qsed {"r *he

_ : The nn .
"f c{respoiqts in Jle sgase _Elt3e Is 4ctEull"lqs

lL-lhe uosEpoi\tc on ths

qqin di4gonal qra ihch4ed since-trrq .tqnnels-wllhLlqe$]€
-- iT>4t i/f rn"J lrqJg to be coonecled fu eqch o{l.er) . The tot:l nqmber ol rv,"rnor7 Lifs
\- {or *hs s

(g,o)(z
= 13,+

Thg no

Nsr = cno. o

cootrrl wr/ds ) (no .o{ co*rol wo_t|)

U;tt_
1u
tD)(,24)CE)

corrrplexl*u i3 rnined q.s

= Nx + Nsx tNer
100

: b+ao + l?++0 t t+geo

=
--.-__--
679+ equivqlen* cru-s,gpaink
ColltPLEx lT3 s n0 ol space stage cyossyoixlg srs s wrrcfint4
+ (no ' of spac.Q. gIagc conlftl b'1i
+ Qo. of *irne Stag e (temof Y t,fs
+ no. o{ time s*age con*rol b'ts)Aoo
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loo

fx &rnplE F.3
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ryloxirnurrr blockio3 Fr0 0 'f
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o{
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z (r-l ctb)
22+

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ry
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: 70 {"09

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lef p. = 1,ts =o'b4 T'* l* P'= l*L

p
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t

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lernqfqtion co
 No.

Dole

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P - l</n
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t, -9:@ l ds ! ,,r! ftsg\me Jhe
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Tb/Y\ hnL - Itlr'o occ,r n-, llt" f -^4
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lJf.t-+-4- ugs-$*d,ng on-*ho-rd mqny jraks qlc
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= gag lbtr stro + roqil5> +1w:50 s5+- +

loo
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1
 EXAMPLE on ATM
(Switching Theory)

Example of Lee's graph application

The diagram below shows a set of an ATM switch showing channels between an input x
and output y. The labels indicate the probability that channels at each stage are busy.
Assume that the external links have a bandwidth of 1 Gb/s and the internal links have a
bandwidth of 1.5 Gb/s. Use Lee's method to derive an expression for the blocking
probabilii:y for this network when all virtual circuits have a bandwidth of 1 Gb/s.

(i) Express the blocking probability in terms of p, the expected fraction of each
external link that is in use.

(ii) What if every virtual circuit has a bandwidth of 500 Mb/s?

(iii) What if every virtual circuit has a bandwidth of 300 Mb/s?

(iv) Plot the blocking probability as a function of p for values of p between 0.5 and 1
for all three cases.

ilrug"