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OLTP Vs OLAP

OLTP systems are designed for high-volume, simple transactions and prioritize speed, while OLAP systems are designed for complex queries and analytics on consolidated data and prioritize response time. Key differences are that OLTP is for operational data and transactions, OLAP is for analytical reporting, and OLTP provides source data to OLAP data warehouses.

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200 views1 page

OLTP Vs OLAP

OLTP systems are designed for high-volume, simple transactions and prioritize speed, while OLAP systems are designed for complex queries and analytics on consolidated data and prioritize response time. Key differences are that OLTP is for operational data and transactions, OLAP is for analytical reporting, and OLTP provides source data to OLAP data warehouses.

Uploaded by

xolin
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OLTP vs.

OLAP

We can divide IT systems into transactional (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP). In general
we can assume that OLTP systems provide source data to data warehouses, whereas
OLAP systems help to analyze it.

- OLTP (On-line Transaction Processing) is characterized by a large number of


short on-line transactions (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE). The main emphasis for OLTP
systems is put on very fast query processing, maintaining data integrity in multi-access
environments and an effectiveness measured by number of transactions per second.

- OLAP (On-line Analytical Processing) is characterized by relatively low volume


of transactions. Queries are often very complex and involve aggregations. For OLAP
systems a response time is an effectiveness measure. OLAP applications are widely
used by Data Mining techniques.

The following table summarizes the major differences between OLTP and OLAP system
design.

OLTP System
OLAP System
Online Transaction
Online Analytical Processing
Processing
(Data Warehouse)
(Operational System)
Operational data; OLTPs are the original Consolidation data; OLAP data comes from the
Source of data
source of the data. various OLTP Databases
To control and run fundamental business To help with planning, problem solving, and
Purpose of data
tasks decision support
Reveals a snapshot of ongoing business Multi-dimensional views of various kinds of
What the data
processes business activities
Inserts and Short and fast inserts and updates initiated
Periodic long-running batch jobs refresh the data
Updates by end users
Relatively standardized and simple queries
Queries Often complex queries involving aggregations
Returning relatively few records
Depends on the amount of data involved; batch
Processing data refreshes and complex queries may take
Typically very fast
Speed many hours; query speed can be improved by
creating indexes
Larger due to the existence of aggregation
Space Can be relatively small if historical data is
structures and history data; requires more
Requirements archived
indexes than OLTP
Database Typically de-normalized with fewer tables; use of
Highly normalized with many tables
Design star and/or snowflake schemas
Backup religiously; operational data is critical
Instead of regular backups, some environments
Backup and to run the business, data loss is likely to
may consider simply reloading the OLTP data as
Recovery entail significant monetary loss and legal
a recovery method
liability

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