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Java 2

An interface declares constants and abstract methods but cannot implement default behavior, while an abstract class can have implemented or default methods and can be extended. The purpose of garbage collection is to identify and discard objects no longer needed by a program to reclaim memory. An object becomes eligible for garbage collection when it is unreachable. Synchronization in multithreading controls access to shared resources so that only one thread can modify/update them at a time to avoid errors from threads interfering with each other.

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16 views

Java 2

An interface declares constants and abstract methods but cannot implement default behavior, while an abstract class can have implemented or default methods and can be extended. The purpose of garbage collection is to identify and discard objects no longer needed by a program to reclaim memory. An object becomes eligible for garbage collection when it is unreachable. Synchronization in multithreading controls access to shared resources so that only one thread can modify/update them at a time to avoid errors from threads interfering with each other.

Uploaded by

naveenvv86
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q: What is the difference between an Interface and an Abstract class?

A: An abstract class can have instance methods that implement a default behavior. An
Interface can only declare constants and instance methods, but cannot implement default
behavior and all methods are implicitly abstract. An interface has all public members and
no implementation. An abstract class is a class which may have the usual flavors of class
members (private, protected, etc.), but has some abstract methods.
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Q: What is the purpose of garbage collection in Java, and when is it used?


A: The purpose of garbage collection is to identify and discard objects that are no longer
needed by a program so that their resources can be reclaimed and reused. A Java object
is subject to garbage collection when it becomes unreachable to the program in which it
is used.
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Q: Describe synchronization in respect to multithreading.


A: With respect to multithreading, synchronization is the capability to control the access of
multiple threads to shared resources. Without synchonization, it is possible for one thread
to modify a shared variable while another thread is in the process of using or updating
same shared variable. This usually leads to significant errors. 
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Q: Explain different way of using thread?


A: The thread could be implemented by using runnable interface or by inheriting from the
Thread class. The former is more advantageous, 'cause when you are going for multiple
inheritance..the only interface can help.
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Q: What are pass by reference and passby value?


A: Pass By Reference means the passing the address itself rather than passing the value. Passby Value
means passing a copy of the value to be passed. 
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Q: What is HashMap and Map?


A: Map is Interface and Hashmap is class that implements that.
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Q: Difference between HashMap and HashTable?


A: The HashMap class is roughly equivalent to Hashtable, except that it is unsynchronized
and permits nulls. (HashMap allows null values as key and value whereas Hashtable
doesnt allow). HashMap does not guarantee that the order of the map will remain
constant over time. HashMap is unsynchronized and Hashtable is synchronized.
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Q: Difference between Vector and ArrayList?


A: Vector is synchronized whereas arraylist is not.
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Q: Difference between Swing and Awt?
A: AWT are heavy-weight componenets. Swings are light-weight components. Hence swing
works faster than AWT.
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Q: What is the difference between a constructor and a method?


A: A constructor is a member function of a class that is used to create objects of that class.
It has the same name as the class itself, has no return type, and is invoked using the
new operator.
A method is an ordinary member function of a class. It has its own name, a return type
(which may be void), and is invoked using the dot operator.
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Q: What is an Iterator?
A: Some of the collection classes provide traversal of their contents via a java.util.Iterator
interface. This interface allows you to walk through a collection of objects, operating on
each object in turn. Remember when using Iterators that they contain a snapshot of the
collection at the time the Iterator was obtained; generally it is not advisable to modify
the collection itself while traversing an Iterator.
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Q: State the significance of public, private, protected, default modifiers both singly
and in combination and state the effect of package relationships on declared
items qualified by these modifiers.
A: public : Public class is visible in other packages, field is visible everywhere (class must
be public too)
private : Private variables or methods may be used only by an instance of the same
class that declares the variable or method, A private feature may only be accessed by the
class that owns the feature.
protected : Is available to all classes in the same package and also available to all
subclasses of the class that owns the protected feature.This access is provided even to
subclasses that reside in a different package from the class that owns the protected
feature.
default :What you get by default ie, without any access modifier (ie, public private or
protected).It means that it is visible to all within a particular package.
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Q: What is an abstract class?


A: Abstract class must be extended/subclassed (to be useful). It serves as a template. A
class that is abstract may not be instantiated (ie, you may not call its constructor),
abstract class may contain static data. Any class with an abstract method is automatically
abstract itself, and must be declared as such.
A class may be declared abstract even if it has no abstract methods. This prevents it
from being instantiated.
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Q: What is static in java?


A: Static means one per class, not one for each object no matter how many instance of a
class might exist. This means that you can use them without creating an instance of a
class.Static methods are implicitly final, because overriding is done based on the type of
the object, and static methods are attached to a class, not an object. A static method in a
superclass can be shadowed by another static method in a subclass, as long as the
original method was not declared final. However, you can't override a static method with
a nonstatic method. In other words, you can't change a static method into an instance
method in a subclass.
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Q: What is final?
A: A final class can't be extended ie., final class may not be subclassed. A final method can't
be overridden when its class is inherited. You can't change value of a final variable (is a
constant).

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