GROUP DISCUSSION

WHAT IS GROUP DISCUSSION?

http://www.annauniv.edu/netlish/mainframe.htm

Nowadays Group Discussion is being extensively used along with personal interviews for the
final selection of candidates. It plays a main role in selecting the best among the best. Having
scored high marks, students who get selected for a higher/another course or employment are
placed on a par - on equal footing - based on their age, qualification and experience. It becomes
necessary to conduct further screening for choosing a few among many. It is here, the Group
Discussion plays an important part. It helps in choosing the socially suitable candidate among
the academically superior achievers. It is one of the best tools to study the behavioral and
attitudinal responses of the participants.

Rightly speaking, Group Discussion is more a technique than a conventional test. In fact it is one
of the most important and popular techniques being used in a number of personality tests. It is
a technique or a method used for screening candidates as well as testing their potential. It is
also designed as a situation test wherein a sample of a candidate's group worthiness and
potential as a worker comes out quite explicitly

Features Of Group Discussion

1.Group Discussion, as the name itself indicates, is a group activity carried out by participating
individuals. It is an exchange of ideas among the individuals of a group on a specific topic.

2 It is used as reliable, testing device - mainly as a tool to assess all the candidates in a group at
one go -in order to select the best in comparative perspective.

3.Group Discussion is an informal discussion in which participants of the same educational

standard discuss a topic of current interest.

4.It is also known as leaderless discussion. It means its aim is to find out the natural leadership
level of the candidates. Strictly speaking, no one from the group or outside will be officially
designated as leader or president or chairman or anything of the sort. Even the examiner or
supervisor who launches the discussion will retire to the background. No one will participate or
intervene in the deliberations of the group.

NATURE AND SCOPE

Answer this question.

Why you are now being tested after successfully passing out the written examination and
perhaps the interview too?.
You have successfully completed the written examination which tests the knowledge of
different subjects as well other capabilities like writing skill, numerical and cognitive ability, test
of reasoning , general knowledge etc., Exactly like you, other participants who have come to the
final round of selection after thorough screening are of the same qualification. Their age-group,
educational qualifications, academic achievements and background experiences are generally
quite similar and all of you are of the same level.

It is necessary that you should understand the nature of the G D technique as well as its
rationale and purpose. It is very important to know what personality traits the examiners would
focus on. If you want to attain success in this challenge test, you should analyze its ingredients
and grasp its techniques.

As all the participants in a Group Discussion are rivals, there is bound to be competition and
clash of interests among them. Everyone in the group would be keen to top in the discussion,
resulting in a good deal of rivalry and maneuvering for situations of advantage. Thus in the
group discussion- in this free for all- you have to manage others and get the cooperation of the
group by continuously relating to situations as they keep developing and changing. The
dynamics of the group will stimulate each candidate to reveal his/her inherent natural
leadership qualities in a spontaneous manner. But only those who remain alert by adapting
himself / herself to the changing situations as they emerge, and only those who utilize the
opportunities with enterprise, imagination and tact come out successfully.

Under these circumstances, the conduct and behavior of each candidate will bring to the
surface his or her natural leadership, social, dynamic and organizing abilities in a spontaneous
manner. Group Discussion is essentially a verbal-oriented performance and you have to talk
your way out. With one's gift of the gab or power of expression. GD also requires the verbal
display of the knowledge of the candidate. The more your ideas and the more your knowledge
of the subject, the more interested, enthusiastic and confident you would become and the
more fluent and forceful would be your speech and contribution to the discussion.

WHAT IS TESTED IN-GROUP DISCUSSION?

The rationale of the GD technique rests on the principle that leadership qualities with
knowledge and power of expression are essential to achieve the results or objectives in all
group endeavors. The leadership quality of one can nowhere be more clearly revealed than in a
group discussion. For instance, see the difference between GD and other forms of testing.

There is a considerable difference between public speaking and GD. In public speaking, the
audience merely judges and passes a verdict on the speaker. Nobody in the audience competes
with you. They listen to what the speaker says but do not compete with the speaker. They listen
to what the speaker says, but do not discuss the subject with equal rights as does the speaker.
The same is the case with an interview. In an interview, a candidate has to deal with the
interviewer who asks questions to which the interviewed responds. He will be given ample
opportunities as the interviewer is interested in the answers. In a debate or lecture, the
candidate is given sometime to think and marshal his ideas and the chairman or the presiding
officer will ensure that no one intervenes. The interview focuses on personality traits wherein
the interviewers ask well directed questions to assess the overall personality of a candidate.

Yet these tests by themselves are insufficient, as they do not test the group worthiness of a
candidate, a quality that is an important component for success in all vocations.

WHAT ARE THE DESIRABLE ATTITUDES IN GD?

The participants should adopt two important attitudes which alone will facilitate a productive
and satisfying outcome in any Group Discussion:

1.All participants in the group must accept responsibility for the smooth conduct of the group
activities. This orientation means that each member takes on leadership responsibilities even
though he is not entrusted any such a role. Instead of passively waiting for someone else to do
what has to be done, everyone must actively seek and accept responsibility. In an effective
group discussion, there are no absolute followers but different levels and kinds of leaderships
and these leaderships keep fluctuating.

2.Another important attitude is open-mindedness -the willingness of the candidate to consider

a broad range of ideas and suggestions from others. He must be flexible and must be open to
change. Instead of taking rigid stands on issues, the flexible member tries to adapt to the best
interests of the group. This requires objectivity- in order to make unbiased, impartial
judgments. This does not mean that you completely suppress your subjective and emotional
reactions. You try to balance them with objective observations. This requires maintaining a
proper perspective, that is, either becoming too involved in problems to maintain objectivity
nor remaining too distant and uninvolved to be fully unaware of their nature. Finally the
participant with the orientation of equality should not nourish notions of superiority and must
realize that the fellow participants are equal to him/her in all aspects. You also get an
opportunity of noticing and comparing the verbal ability, depth of knowledge, extent of ideas,
logical reasoning and the convincing capacity of others and this should enable you to prepare
yourself to match with them.

HOW IS THE PERFORMANCE JUDGED?

Selection is done based on the impact created by each candidate on the group. Who does get
selected?

One who expresses his ideas well.

One who has sound arguments, and shows keenness and interest.

One who has sufficient knowledge of his subject and convinces the group by his argumentative
presentation.

One who has a logical and systematic approach.

Above all, it is the one who has the tendency to cooperate and who does the coordination and
is liked by the group.

HOW TO START PARTICIPATING?

Group discussion tasks involve many roles for the participants to take up. Choosing any role,
each participant can perform multiple functions. Any discussion starts with an initiative made
by one. Someone should propose the subject with his/her ideas or procedures. This gets the
group started. Since getting started on any task is usually difficult, this is an important role.
Inevitably he/ she who does this takes up the presiding or leading role. Further he needs to
produce new ideas and perspectives for the continued life of a group.

Okay. You missed the opportunity. Someone, a more tactful candidate has taken up the lead
role. What is left for you?

There are still ways.

You can furnish more information by usurping his place. You can politely interfere giving
evidence, opinions and relate experiences, personal or others, relevant to the discussion. In fact
the quality of the discussion is dependent on the information generated out of the discussion.
The more information you provide on the subject, the more prominent your place will become
in the group.

Okay. You missed this opportunity too. A vociferous participant has stolen the show. All have
nothing to do except to listen. The best way is to play the role of an information seeker thereby
making your participation important. By way of asking information from others and seeking
clarification one can make his participation felt.

There are various ways to make your presence important. Instead of just presenting
information one can strongly present his own point of view. Usually people will not reveal their
opinions out of fear of criticism. But an effective presenter expresses the opinions freely and is
prepared to invite argument to his side. By stating one's own beliefs, attitudes and judgments,
one can take up a main position in the discussion. But you must ensure that your opinion is on
the winning side and there is nothing negative in your opinion because a negative opinion is
disliked by others.
Another role left for you is this:If youl cannot make up your position , prevail upon the opinions
of others. The effective participant actively seeks other's attitudes and convictions, especially of
those members who are hesitant to speak. Unlike others who are content with presenting their
own views and neglecting other opinions you will win the favour of other participants by
seeking their opinions.

There is always room for participation if you elaborate the ideas of others and clarify as well as
expand the opinions of others through relevant examples and explanations. This is the best way
to attract the attention of the rest.

Slow and steady, you can win the race. If you have not yet got an opportunity, take up the role
of integrator who classifies the relationships between various facts, opinions and suggestions
and integrates the ideas of others thereby assuming the main role of presenter. After a
considerable time has been spent on discussion, the need for integrating and summarizing all
that transpired so far becomes essential. You can do that by way of orientation, that is, by
keeping the group directed toward its goal, by summarizing what has taken place and clarifying
the purpose or position of the group. Essentially you insure that the group has a direction and
also that it heads in the "right" direction and assumes the role of a leader.

There are some more ways in which the participants can take up group maintenance. You
should make your presence important by initiating the group's interpersonal relationships. An
encouraging speaker is always liked by fellow participants. He praises and agrees with others
providing a warm support to others. But one ought to be careful because he who is a
contestant should maintain his position keeping his attention on excelling others. Similarly your
sense will be appreciated if it does relieve tension. It will be very much appreciated as you
create a relaxed atmosphere by reducing formality and interjecting humor. When tension
increases, people become emotionally involved which will not be conducive for smooth
discussion. At times the role of pacifying others and providing relief will achieve leadership
position. Equally important is the role of one who controls the channel of communication
providing proper balance in the amount of participation of each member. You can also gain the
leading position by encouraging those who might otherwise not speak while tackling those who
tend to dominate over others or monopolize the discussion.

What Are To Be Avoided?

There are certain attitudes which act negatively and they spoil the chances of selection.
Constantly objecting others and speaking pessimistically will block the smooth flow of
discussion. A totally negative attitude prevents progress and people who are always
complaining and always dissatisfied will not be found suitable. Equally unsuitable are those who
insult and criticize others betraying jealousy or animosity. The aggressive attitude is usually
disapproved. Another avoidable attitude is telling irrelevant stories and personal experiences.
Motivated by a need for attention, some participants interject comments that call attention to
their achievements and successes. They are boastful while trying to appear not tobe so.
What is the secret of scoring sure success in a group discussion?

The examiners usually look for a very positive personality with varied potential. During the
progress of any group discussion, there will be conflicting views and as a result, heated
arguments. The winner has to reveal his positive personality traits and leadership abilities to
gain approval for his ideas.Since the test is conducted without a leader, there are opportunities
for the individuals who reveal leadership qualities to become group leaders. Seizing the
opportunity, the aspirant should impress and influence the group.

The ability to speak is the foremost of all. If one does not speak eloquently and fluently, one
cannot create any impact and make his presence strongly felt. One must arouse other's interest
by the power of expression. While talking there must be sense. Conveying all information in
well-balanced sentences in a manner that reflects a good grasp of the subject will indicate
sharp and analytical mind. The delivery should be smooth and catching. Important of all is the
tone. It should reflect the humility of a very knowledgeable person. There will be interruptions
and they should be borne with patience and a winning smile .It is the ability to hold the
attention of group members which matters.

How Can A Topic Be Analyzed?

While speaking on given topic it is necessary to analyze the topic considering its salient aspects
and finding out a well reasoned solution. One must think of sound arguments in support of
one's point of view and a logical presentation of them. It is necessary to consider the pros and
cons of the given problem. Use of available information including those of others is important.
Synthesizing different points of view and answering them in such a way as supportive of one's
case is talent which must be cultivated. Considering an issue or a problem in a broader angle
putting the immediate concerns in broader issues, thereby displaying the extent of knowledge
is a successful technique. But one ought to be careful without becoming irrelevant or boastful.

Avoiding any repetition of ideas or arguments is important. Keeping within the scope of the
given subject one must contribute towards rising the intellectual level of the discussion.

How To Excel Others In A Group?

A good support always results in a good relationship with others, which eventually brings
success. Rapport building starts from the very first step. But there must be conflicting opinions
which alone will help to look at a problem from various angles and come up with alternatives.
As such when conflicting viewpoints arise, they should be resolved by active participation and a
positive attitude. One can certainly disagree giving sound and valid reasons for disagreement
but one's behaviour should not be disagreeable. One's pleasantries, attitude of cooperation and
sharing experiences with others, expressing compliments and gratitude on what others say-all
create an attraction towards oneself. Maintaining mutual respect will avoid critical judgment of
others. One's efforts at preventing the proceedings from going astray, encouraging non-
participants to enter the discussion and tactful handling of conflicting opinions with a view to
bringing about consensus will win the admiration of other members of the group. Another
important reason of success is being attentive to others' point of views and analysing them in a
logical manner even for disagreeing.

REASONS FOR SELECTION : A FEW COMMENTS

No1 (Comments at two stages of one's participation)

Beginning: No1 has displayed excellent leadership ability and handled an explosive situation
with tact and understanding. He has found an acceptable and workable solution by displaying
excellent resourcefulness. He avoided an open split and confrontation by voluntarily
surrendering the privilege of being got elected as chairman by majority vote. Thus he has given
greater importance to group needs than for his own selfish requirements. He also won 7 by
persuasion and by personal example.

Ending: A brilliant and outstanding exposition presented by No1 in admirable and extremely
convincing manner. His approach is objective and balanced. This candidate, who had displayed
consistently remarkable leadership qualities and coordinating ability earlier, now reveals
intellectual maturity, balanced judgement and excellent power of persuasion. Socially he is well
adjusted and has the resourcefulness to cope with difficult individuals and situations. To sum
up, he is an outstanding candidate with high level of leadership qualities. He is specially
commended and selected with top rating.

No3 is an intelligent, imaginative and dynamic leader. His approach has throughout been
positive and constructive He is also able to get along well and harmoniously with all. He can
judge and assess others correctly and wins over everyone with tact and understanding. His
enterprising attitude, keenness to shoulder responsibility and capacity to compromise
successfully with crisis and obstacles enable him to establish himself as the natural leader. In
this group he is the outstanding coordinator and leader. He is selected with top grading No3 has
grasped the subject very well and explained its scope very lucidly.He hs gone about his task
with a purpose, plan and system, revealing organization and method. He spoke to the point and
made a strong impact on the group. He is decisive, enterprising and takes reasonable risks. We
saw that he took a prominent part during the early stages and made useful contribution. He has
good material and selected with high grading.

No 4 has readily and cheerfully accepted the responsibility and made good use of the
opportunity given to him. He has consistently been displaying initiative, drive, enterprise and
imagination. Now he has known excellent grasp of the subject and explained facts of a sensitive
nature in an easy and effortless manner. He has created a very strong and favorable impact on
the group with his conduct, ideas and example. As was shown by No3,the group is eager to hear
him further. But as a disciplined organiser and planner,No4 wants the discussion to proceed as
decided earlier. He is more team oriented and keen to promote group activity. His approach is
positive and contribution constructive. He has displayed high degree of leadership throughout.
Selected with high rank rating.
No 7 displayed initiative, urge and drive and shouldered full responsibility to launch the group
on its objective. He is gifted in all spheres-intellectual, organisational, dynamic and social. He
has extensive knowledge. He has pressed his case from a new angle and succeeded fully in
carrying the audience with him. He is bold and faces the challenge with courage and
determination, intelligence and imagination. Selected and accorded top rating.

Reasons For Rejection

The keenness and eagerness of No3,his readiness to shoulder responsibility, his confidence to
face the group and his initiative are no doubt his plus points. But his approach is selfish,
authoritarian and annoying to others. He is too assertive and very dominating. His brazen
attempt to buldoze others will provoke them and result in quarrels and clashes. These, in turn,
will hinder group activity and realisation of the common goal objective, which is successful
completion of the discussion within the time allotted. A leader or manager must carry his
teammates with them and not antagonize them. No3, unfortunately, appears to be lacking in
this very important aspect. REJECTED

No2 does not know much about the subject He has the gift of the gab and hence waffles
aimlessly. There is no logic or rationale in what he said he lacks organisation, system and order.
He talks at random, jumping from one topic to another in fits and starts. Earlier we saw him
acting rigidly and selfishly .He will cause friction and quarrels in the team, behaving like a bull in
china shop. REJECTED

No5 had remained aloof and silent throughout. He is dull and devoid of ideas.He admits his
limitations but does not show any interest or determination to overcome them. He wastes
opportunities and shies away from responsibility. Being weak and docile and unenterprising, he
will not be able to come up as a leader. REJECTED

No8 This candidate is a mere camp follower without any initiative, urge, drive or originality. He
finds excuses to avoid and shirk responsibility. He has throughout been disinterested, distant
and aloof and has not made any contribution to group activity. An extremely dull and insipid
individual who will prove to be a great burden to the organization.REJECTED

No.1 wastes the opportunity offered to him on a platter. On his own also he did not display and
initiative and drive. He pleads ignorance and confirms that he lacks ideas. This is a general
knowledge topic and anyone familiar with current events should be able to make some
interesting contribution to the discussion. He offers excuses and prefers to be the last speaker.
If he does not know, he can at least ask a knowledgeable colleague in the group to explain the
nature and scope of the topic first. On the other hand, he straightway shirks responsibility. He is
a dull and insipid candidate who lacks self-confidence and leadership potential. REJECTED

Sulks and refuses to cooperate. He also wastes the good opportunity offered to him. He is rigid
and fails to adapt himself to the situation. He has good expressive faculty but his ideas are
confused and overlapping. He waffles unnecessarily instead of going directly to the point. His
ego and pride prevent him from extending cooperation and establishing rapport. Because of his
personal quarrel with No.6, he refuses to the half of the group. With this marked negative
qualities. No.2 will be a serious hindrance to the team. REJECTED.

This candidate has understood the subject and has the self-confidence to the challenge No.5
and produce quite a few original and convincing arguments to support his stand. But he still
continues his collision path. He prefers to attack those who disagree with him in a brutal and
direct manner. He quarreled with No.2violently earlier. Now he repeats the same behaviour
pattern. It is doubtful whether he could improve by training REJECTED

This candidate lacks initiative and originality. His ideas are limited he has nothing useful to
contribute. He is afraid to take any firm decision and commit himself. He has wasted the
opportunity afforded to him. With such marked negative qualities he cannot make the grade as
a strong leader. REJECTED

A fairly active and well- motivated group in which Nos.7 and 5 display natural leadership
qualities and prove successful in launching the group on its task. They overcome the obstacles
which they encounter with imagination, speed and tact. This GD being a team work, it cannot
be executed without someone assuming the responsibilities of a leader and coordinator. Nos1,2
and 3, though spoke among themselves, did not come toward to shoulder this responsibility on
there own initiative. On the other hand No.7 displayed natural leadership abilities and assumed
the responsibility to launch the group on its task, on his own No.5 who gave excellent support
to No.7, also displays good leadership qualities. We find No2 to be hesitant, diffident and
overcautious. No.1 appears to be lacking in ideas and he is unable to half No.2 actively. Without
admitting his limitations No.1 tries to evade the issues or pass the buck on the others. No3has
acted in light vein which indicates certain amount of irresponsibility Nevertheless he offers to
be the opening speaker. Hence, he has to be watched further, Nos.4, 6and 8 have so far
remained as silent spectators.

In this group Nos.3 and 7 initially wanted to assume leadership and made their debuts. But they
bitterly quarreled between themselves as to who should be the leader. Unfortunately, both
lacked tact and social cohesiveness. They were also rigid and selfish. Team spirit and
cooperation on the part of both were sadly lacking and they were obstructing the progress of
group activity. On the other hand, No.1 emerged as the natural and highly gifted leader. He was
able to motivate his team mates and move the group towards its goal with remarkable success.
He could handle Nos .3and 7 with competence and else displaying appropriate techniques.
Nos.5 and 4 came forward to lend good support to No.1 and also showed adequate leadership
traits themselves No.6,8 and 2 were ineffective camp followers and did not make any
contribution to promote group activity. Thus, the only successful candidates of this group are
Nos.1,5 and 4 in that order.
 GD
http://www.freshersworld.com/interview/Group_Discussion.htm

A GD is a methodology used by an organization to gauge whether the candidate has certain personality
traits and/or skills that it desires in its members. In this methodology, the group of candidates is given a
topic or a situation, given a few minutes to think about the same, and then asked to discuss the it among
themselves for 15-20 minutes. Freshersworld.com brings you an elaborate section for GD as you had
ever seen anywhere else.

Some of the personality traits the GD is trying to gauge may include :-

 Ability to work in a team

 Communication skills
 Reasoning ability
 Leadership skills
 Initiative
 Assertiveness
 Flexibility
 Creativity
 Ability to think on ones feet

Why GDs:-

The reason why institutes put you through a Group discussion and an interview, after testing
your technical and conceptual skills in an exam, is to get to know you as a person and gauge
how well you will fit in their institute. The Group discussion tests how you function as a part of
a team. As a manager, you will always be working in teams, as a member or as a leader.
Therefore how you interact in a team becomes an important criterion for your selection.
Managers have to work in a team and get best results out of teamwork. That is the reason why
management institutes include GD as a component of the selection procedure.

Company's Perspective:-

Companies conduct group discussion after the written test so as to check on your interactive
skills and how good you are at communicating with other people. The GD is to check how you
behave, participate and contribute in a group, how much importance do you give to the group
objective as well as your own, how well do you listen to viewpoints of others and how open-
minded are you in accepting views contrary to your own. The aspects which make up a GD are
verbal communication, non-verbal behavior, conformation to norms, decision-making ability
and cooperation. You should try to be as true as possible to these aspects.
 Types of GD
GDs can be topic-based or case-based.

Topic based Gds can be classified into three types :-

1. Factual Topics

2. Controversial Topics

3. Abstract Topics

Factual Topics:-

Factual topics are about practical things, which an ordinary person is aware of in his day-to-day
life. Typically these are about socio-economic topics. These can be current, i.e. they may have
been in the news lately, or could be unbound by time. A factual topic for discussion gives a
candidate a chance to prove that he is aware of and sensitive to his environment.

E.g. The education policy of India, Tourism in India, State of the aged in the nation.

Controversial Topics:-

Controversial topics are the ones that are argumentative in nature. They are meant to generate
controversy. In GDs where these topics are given for discussion, the noise level is usually high,
there may be tempers flying. The idea behind giving a topic like this is to see how much
maturity the candidate is displaying by keeping his temper in check, by rationally and logically
arguing his point of view without getting personal and emotional.

E.g. Reservations should be removed, Women make better managers

Abstract Topics:-

Abstract topics are about intangible things. These topics are not given often for discussion, but
their possibility cannot be ruled out. These topics test your lateral thinking and creativity.

E.g. A is an alphabet, Twinkle twinkle little star, The number 10

Case-based Gd:-

Another variation is the use of a case instead of a topic.

The case study tries to simulate a real-life situation. Information about the situation will be
given to you and you would be asked as a group to resolve the situation. In the case study there
are no incorrect answers or perfect solutions. The objective in the case study is to get you to
think about the situation from various angles.

IIM A, IIM Indore and IIT SOM Mumbai have a case-based discussion rather than topic-based
discussion in their selection procedures.

Why do we have GD ?
Reasons for having a GD

 It helps you to understand a subject more deeply.

 It improves your ability to think critically.
 It helps in solving a particular problem.
 It helps the group to make a particular decision.
 It gives you the chance to hear other students' ideas.
 It improves your listening skills.
 It increases your confidence in speaking.
 It can change your attitudes.

Strategies for Improving GD Skills for Tutorials & Seminars

Asking questions and joining in discussions are important skills for university study. If you find it
difficult to speak or ask questions in tutorials, try the following strategies.

Observe

Attend as many seminars and tutorials as possible and notice what other students do. Ask
yourself:

 How do other students make critical comments?

 How do they ask questions?
 How do they disagree with or support arguments?
 What special phrases do they use to show politeness even when they are voicing
disagreement?
 How do they signal to interrupt, ask a question or make a point?

Practice

Start practicing your discussion skills in an informal setting or with a small group. Start with
asking questions of fellow students. Ask them about the course material. Ask for their opinions.
Ask for information or ask for help.
Participate

Take every opportunity to take part in social/informal discussions as well as more

structured/formal discussion. Start by making small contributions to tutorial discussions;
prepare a question to ask, or agree with another speaker's remarks.

Discussion Etiquette (or minding your manners)

Do

 Speak pleasantly and politely to the group.

 Respect the contribution of every speaker.
 Remember that a discussion is not an argument. Learn to disagree politely.
 Think about your contribution before you speak. How best can you answer the
question/ contribute to the topic?
 Try to stick to the discussion topic. Don't introduce irrelevant information.
 Be aware of your body language when you are speaking.
 Agree with and acknowledge what you find interesting.

Don't

 Lose your temper. A discussion is not an argument.

 Shout. Use a moderate tone and medium pitch.
 Use too many gestures when you speak. Gestures like finger pointing and table
thumping can appear aggressive.
 Dominate the discussion. Confident speakers should allow quieter students a chance to
contribute.
 Draw too much on personal experience or anecdote. Although some tutors encourage
students to reflect on their own experience, remember not to generalise too much.
 Interrupt. Wait for a speaker to finish what they are saying before you speak.

Leading a Discussion

You may be in a seminar group that requires you to lead a group discussion, or lead a discussion
after an oral presentation. You can demonstrate leadership by:

 introducing yourself and the members of the group

 stating the purpose of the discussion
 inviting quiet group members to speak
 being objective
 summarizing the discussion
Chairing a Group Discussion

When chairing a discussion group you must communicate in a positive way to assist the
speakers in accomplishing their objective. There are at least four leadership skills you can use to
influence other people positively and help your group achieve its purpose. These skills include:

 introducing the topic and purpose of the discussion,

 making sure all members have approximately the same time, (i.e. no one dominates the
discussion by taking too much time)
 thanking group members for their contribution
 being objective in summarizing the group's discussion and achievements.

How to Face GD
A group discussion consists of:

 Communication Skills
 Knowledge and ideas regarding a given subject
 Capability to co-ordinate and lead
 Exchange of thoughts
 Addressing the group as a whole
 Thorough preparations

Communication Skills

The first aspect is one's power of expression. In a group discussion, a candidate has to talk
effectively so that he is able to convince others. For convincing, one has to speak forcefully and
at the same time create an impact by his knowledge of the subject. A candidate who is
successful in holding the attention of the audience creates a positive impact.

It is necessary that you should be precise and clear. As a rule evaluators do not look for the
wordage produced. Your knowledge on a given subject, your precision and clarity of thought
are the things that are evaluated. Irrelevant talks lead you nowhere. You should speak as much
as necessary, neither more nor less. Group discussions are not debating stages.

Ability to listen is also what evaluators judge. They look for your ability to react on what other
participants say. Hence, it is necessary that you listen carefully to others and then react or
proceed to add some more points. Your behavior in the group is also put to test to judge
whether you are a loner or can work in a group.
You should be able to convey your thoughts satisfactorily and convincingly before a group of
people. Confidence and level headedness in doing so is necessary. These add value to your
presentation. In case you are not good at it, you might gain by joining an institute that offers
specialized courses in public speaking. For instance, British Council Division's English Language
Teaching Centre offers a wide range of courses like conversation skills, business communication
skills, business writing, negotiation skills and presentation skills. Mostly people attend these
courses to improve their communication skills. Students here are involved in activities which
use communication skills and teachers provide inputs, monitor and facilitate the classes. The
course at the Centre makes you confident enough to speak before people without any
nervousness.

Knowledge and Ideas Regarding a Given Subject

Knowledge of the subject under discussion and clarity of ideas are important. Knowledge comes
from consistent reading on various topics ranging from science and technology to politics. In-
depth knowledge makes one confident and enthusiastic and this in turn, makes one sound
convincing and confident.

Leadership and Coordinating Capabilities

The basic aim of a group discussion is to judge a candidate's leadership qualities. The examiner
withdraws and becomes a silent spectator once the discussion starts. A candidate should
display tactfulness, skill, understanding and knowledge on varied topics, enterprise,
forcefulness and other leadership qualities to motivate and influence other candidates who
may be almost equally competent.

Exchange of Thoughts

A group discussion is an exchange of thoughts and ideas among members of a group. These
discussions are held for selecting personnel in organisations where there is a high level of
competition. The number of participants in a group can vary between 8 and 15. Mostly a topic
or a situation is given to group members who have to discuss it within 10 to 20 minutes.

The purpose is to get an idea about candidates in a short time and make assessments about
their skills, which normally cannot be evaluated in an interview. These skills may be team
membership, leadership skills, listening and articulation skills.

A note is made of your contributions to the discussion, comprehension of the main idea, the
rapport you strike, patience, assertion, accommodation, amenability, etc. Body language and
eye contact too are important points which are to be considered. .
Addressing the Group as a Whole

In a group discussion it is not necessary to address anyone by name. Even otherwise you may
not know everyone's names. It better to address the group as a whole.

Address the person farthest from you. If he can hear you everyone else too can. Needless to
add, as for the interview, attend the group discussion in formal dress. The language used should
also be formal, not the language used in normal conversations. For instance, words and phrases
like "yar", "chalta hai", "CP", "I dunno", etc. are out. This is not to say you should use a high
sounding, pedantic language. Avoiding both, just use formal, plain and simple language.
Hinglish, (mixture of Hindi and English) should be discarded.

Confidence and coolness while presenting your viewpoint are of help. See that you do not keep
repeating a point. Do not use more words than necessary. Do not be superfluous. Try to be
specific. Do not exaggerate.

Thorough Preparation

Start making preparations for interview and group discussions right away, without waiting till
the eleventh hour, this is, if and when called for them. Then the time left may not be adequate.
It is important to concentrate on subject knowledge and general awareness. Hence, the prime
need for thorough preparation. Remember, the competition is very tough. Only 460 candidates
make it to the final list from 2.75 lakh civil service aspirants each year.

It may so happen that you are called for interviews and group discussions from three or four
organizations but are not selected by any. The reason obviously lies in your not being well-
prepared.

In a group discussion you may be given a topic and asked to express your views on it. Or in a
case study GD, students have to read a case study and suggest ways of tackling the problem.
For this you should have a good general knowledge, need to be abreast with current affairs,
should regularly read newspapers and magazines. Your group behaviour and communication
skills are on test, i.e. how you convince the others and how clearly you are able to express your
points of view. You should be articulate, generate ideas, not sound boring, should allow others
to speak, and adopt a stand on a given subject. During the course of the GD this stand can even
be changed, giving the impression that you are open to accommodate others' viewpoints.

Additional marks may be given for starting or concluding the discussion.

Points to Remember

 Knowledge is strength. A candidate with good reading habits has more chances of
success. In other words, sound knowledge on different topics like politics, finance,
economy, science and technology is helpful.
 Power to convince effectively is another quality that makes you stand out among others.
 Clarity in speech and expression is yet another essential quality.
 If you are not sure about the topic of discussion, it is better not to initiate. Lack of
knowledge or wrong approach creates a bad impression. Instead, you might adopt the
wait and watch attitude. Listen attentively to others, may be you would be able to come
up with a point or two later.
 A GD is a formal occasion where slang is to avoided.
 A GD is not a debating stage. Participants should confine themselves to expressing their
viewpoints. In the second part of the discussion candidates can exercise their choice in
agreeing, disagreeing or remaining neutral.
 Language use should be simple, direct and straight forward.
 Don't interrupt a speaker when the session is on. Try to score by increasing your size,
not by cutting others short.
 Maintain rapport with fellow participants. Eye contact plays a major role. Non-verbal
gestures, such as listening intently or nodding while appreciating someone's viewpoint
speak of you positively.
 Communicate with each and every candidate present. While speaking don't keep
looking at a single member. Address the entire group in such a way that everyone feels
you are speaking to him or her.

GD FAQ’S

What is the normal duration of a GD?

A GD is generally of 15-20 minutes duration.

How many panel members are there to evaluate?

There are usually 3-4 panel members to evaluate.

Is there time given for preparation after the topic is given and before starting the GD?
Usually some time (2-5 minutes) is given to collect one's thoughts, but there could be instances
when this does not happen, so it is best not to bank on this.

Should I address the panel or the group members?

Don't ever make the mistake of addressing the panel members. The GD is between you and the
other members, not the panel members. You must avoid even looking at the panel members
while the GD is in progress. Just ignore their existence.

What is the seating arrangement like?

It could be semi-circular, or circular, or seating along side a rectangular table, depending upon
the venue. It is best not to bother about trivial issues like this, which you have no control over.

How should I address the other group members?

If you are initiating the discussion, you could do so by collectively addressing the group as
"Friends". Subsequently, you could use names (if the group has had a round of self-introduction
prior to starting the discussion and you remember the names) or simply use pronouns like "he"
or "she".

Suppose I have a lot to say on the topic, should I say all of it?
You would not be looked upon favourably if you kept speaking all the time and did not listen to
anyone else. Contrary to the misconception, the person who talks the most is not necessarily
the one who is judged the best. The quality and not the quantity of your contribution is the
success factor.

Should I encourage others to speak up?

Do not directly put someone who is consistently silent on the spot by asking him/her to speak
up. If someone has been trying to speak and has a good point but is cut off constantly, you may
encourage him/her to continue with her point as you would like to hear her out.

Are the group members supposed to keep track of the time or will the panel keep track?
It would be good if you are conscious of the time, but not to the point of getting so distracted
looking at your watch that you do not contribute to the discussion.

Are we allowed to carry a piece of paper during the GD for noting down important points?
Normally you are, but there may be instances when it is specifically forbidden to carry paper.

Is there any particular seating arrangement, which is favourable to the participants?

If participants are asked to sit in a circle or a semi circle, one position is as good as another. But
if you are asked to sit on either side of a rectangular table, then choose a position as close to
the centre as possible.

Should we begin the GD by appointing a leader amongst ourselves?

No. You should not. Leadership in a GD is established implicitly through one's performance in a
GD.

Should we distribute the total time available to all the participants to ensure that everybody
gets a chance to speak?
Since a GD is not a debate or elocution, the participants should not resort to the strategy of
distributing time amongst themselves.
Can we take a definite stand in the GD and then later on during the GD, switch over to
another stand?
Yes, provided you do it the right way. In a GD it is quite likely that some other participant's
counter-argument convinces you to your point. If this happens, then it is best if you accept his
argument and explain to the group how your previous argument was true within a narrow
range, and how the new argument is applicable to a broader range. Naturally, it is safer not to
make any rash statements for or against a topic before you learn the facts of the argument.
Blindly taking a stand will definitely lead you to trouble. This does not mean you should sit on
the fence. You may participate actively by pointing out both sides of the issue in a reasonable
and logical manner.

If we do not understand the meaning of the topic, should we ask the moderator to explain it
to us?
No. You cannot. Instead of displaying your ignorance in this manner, it is better to wait for
some other participant to explain the meaning of the topic. So listen to the discussion carefully
for the first few minutes and when you have figured out what the topic is about, start
participating in the discussion.

Should we address the other participants by their names or their assigned numbers?
As far as possible, you should try and avoid names or numbers. It is better to use pronouns such
as "he", "she", "you" etc. while referring to the members of the group.

Are we expected to stick to the normally accepted line of thought or can we come up with
something radical?
By all means you can. It would demonstrate your creativity and originality. Just make sure it is
relevant to the topic.

If I feel strongly about an issue, should I voice my feelings?

It is important to be cool and emotionally objective in a GD. If you react emotionally you are
likely to lose control over yourself during the group discussion. You have to be calm and logical,
not emotional in a GD.

Can I use technical terms or jargon, which is clear to me, but not to the group?
If you have to use technical terms, please do not use abbreviations. After mentioning the term
in full take time out to explain to the group what it means. It is quite likely that other
participants of the group have a different academic background from you, and you should make
sure you are all on a level playing field.

Do I begin my participation by requesting the group's permission to do so?

It is not likely that you will get a chance to ask for such permission. It may also go against you
(as appearing weak on your part).

What is the right time to enter a GD to ensure that I am heard properly?

In any GD, there are crests and troughs during the discussion. The crest is when the noise level
is at its peak. The trough is when there is almost total silence. Ideally, you should enter the GD
during the trough period. But in competitive GDs, the crests occur more often and troughs may
not occur at all. In such cases, you could identify the stages in the GD, where ideas dear to you
are being discussed and enter the GD irrespective of the noise level.

How do I participate when the noise level is too high?

You could try the following strategy - Identify the most powerful speaker in the group, and note
down the points that he/she is making. The moment the noise level reduces a little, enter
supporting the powerful speaker. You will have made a strong ally who will carry you through
the noise.

Do I have to be cautious about other participants' feelings (on sensitive issues like religion,
caste etc)?
You certainly do. Insensitivity to others displays a lack of maturity and viciousness. It will act
against your favour.

Is it beneficial to be the first speaker in a group discussion?

Being the first speaker is a high risk, high return strategy. If you can make a good opening
statement, which is relevant and sets the tone for the GD, it will go in your favour. If you do this
well, you may automatically become the group leader. However if you bungle it up (by speaking
for the sake of speaking, not really having anything pertinent to say), it will be remembered and
will go against your favour.

How critical is my fluency in English to my performance?

Command over English is certainly advantageous but will not compensate for lack of good
content. If your content is good, then even if your English might not be great, you must speak it
out, rather than be inhibited by lack of good English. You will get credit for soundness of ideas.

How necessary is it to use examples for illustrating an idea?

Use of examples is helpful in elaborating your point, and helping others understand your idea
better. But please remember to keep it short and simple because in a competitive GD nobody
has the patience to listen to long, drawn out examples.

How much or for how long should I participate?

In a 20 minute GD with 10-12 participants, you should try and participate at least 4 times with
each entry lasting at least 25-30 seconds. You could participate more depending on your
comfort level and the need for participation.

Is it good to be humorous in a GD?

Depends on the situation. In a GD that is fairly relaxed, it may be acceptable. But in a
competitive situation, where the participants are tensed up, your attempts at humour may fall
flat.
Should we make an interim summary?
An interim summary is a way of directing the group mid-way through the GD. It helps the group
to pick out and focus on the most important points and thus use the remaining time more
effectively. However it is not necessary to make an interim summary, if the discussion is already
well focused.

What do I do if someone else has already said what I wanted to say?

You have two choices:

1. Agree with the point made by that person and add on to it by displaying the applicability
of the argument to different situations. By doing this you will have broadened the scope
of the argument.

2. Drop the point and think of fresh points.

To avoid getting into a situation where someone else has already spoken your points, do
speak up in the first 4-5 minutes of the GD. If you wait longer, it is almost inevitable that
someone would have spoken your points.

Is the use of slang/colloquialism permitted?

It is best to avoid using slang.

Can I use a language other than English to drive home my point?

No. You will have to stick to English.

How is aggression taken and measured in a GD?

The moment you notice people reacting to you negatively or strongly, you may take it that you
are being too aggressive. The degree of the reaction is the measure of your aggression.

What level of aggression is seen acceptable?

There is a very thin line between aggression and assertiveness. You should always aim to sound
assertive and not stubborn.

Is it true that the person who speaks the most in a GD is the one who is most successful?
This is a myth. Generally the person who has a sound knowledge of the topic and is a clear
thinker speaks more. This leads the students into believing that whoever speaks most is
successful. But just speaking for the sake of speaking will not take you far.

Will I be quizzed about my (or others) participation in the GD?

You may be. Therefore it helps to be alert all through the GD.

Is it true that the GD is used more as an elimination technique rather than as a selection tool?
Depends on the institute. In most premier institutes it is used as a selection tool, not as an
elimination technique.
What is the level of accuracy desired in the facts and figures you quote during the GD?
An error margin of 5% is acceptable.

Is motivating other people in the group to speak looked upon favourably?

Depends on how it is done. If you openly request someone to speak, you may be putting the
other person in a difficult spot, and the evaluators will not look that upon favourably. It is
therefore better to use other means of motivation, such as agreeing with a halting speaker,
adding on to their points, implicitly supporting and giving them direction.

Does the moderator have any biases or preconceived notions about the topic?
Ideally the moderator is supposed to be unbiased and neutral. But being a human being, the
moderator cannot be totally free from bias. Since this is not a factor within your control, there
isn't much point losing sleep over it.

Can we expect the moderator to stop or cut short the GD much before the stipulated time is
over?
This may happen if the GD becomes too noisy and if the level of discussion deteriorates
abysmally.

Can I be aggressive with a lady participant?

A GD is not the place to demonstrate chivalry. Being rude to any participant (male or female) is
downright unacceptable. You need not extend any special privileges to a lady.

Is it all right to ask pointed questions to other participants during a GD?

It is alright to ask questions for the purpose of clarification but not for the purpose of playing
the devil's advocate and proving them wrong. By playing the devil's advocate you hamper the
flow of the GD. The pointed questions unsettle the other participant and the quality of the GD
deteriorates. This would reflect badly on you and will go against your favour.

Is it necessary that a group should arrive at a conclusion in the stipulated time?

Ideally a group is supposed to reach a conclusion. Normally the time constraints do not allow
the group to do so.

Is an end-summary absolutely essential?

No. If the group has not reached a conclusion, then it would be good if someone puts the whole
discussion into perspective by summarizing. But if there isn't sufficient time, a summary may be
avoided.

Do we have to write a synopsis of the GD once it is over?

Some institutes insist on this, but it is not universal.

Is voting an acceptable method of reaching a consensus?

Certainly not. A GD is not a debate.
How should a group select a topic if asked to?
The group should brainstorm for about two minutes and narrow down the list of topics to 3-4.
After this the group should prioritize them based on the comfort level and ease of discussion of
the topics. This could be done by asking each participant to rank the 4 topics and the most
popular choice should be taken.

Are the topics decided on the basis of the academic background of the participant?
No. Topics are usually general in nature to give a level playing field to everyone.

What do I do if one member is very stubborn and aggressive?

You could use any of the following methods.

 Ignore him and address the other members of the group.

 Be assertive and tell him that his argument is faulty.

 Point out to him that his point is well taken and that the group must progress further by
discussing the ideas presented by others.

What are the acceptable ways of interrupting somebody else, so that I may make my point?
You can interrupt in any of the following ways:

 "Excuse me, but I feel that what you are saying isn't universally true ..."

 "Yes, I agree with your idea, and I would like to add on to it �"

 "Yes, I think you are right when you say that, but could you clarify what if �"

GD Tips
1. Initiation Techniques

2. Body of the group discussion

3. Summarization/ Conclusion

Initiation Techniques

 Initiating a GD is a high profit-high loss strategy.

When you initiate a GD, you not only grab the opportunity to speak, you also grab the
attention of the examiner and your fellow candidates.

If you can make a favourable first impression with your content and communication
 skills after you initiate a GD, it will help you sail through the discussion.

But if you initiate a GD and stammer/ stutter/ quote wrong facts and figures, the
damage might be irreparable.

If you initiate a GD impeccably but don't speak much after that, it gives the impression
that you started the GD for the sake of starting it or getting those initial kitty of points
earmarked for an initiator!

When you start a GD, you are responsible for putting it into the right perspective or
framework. So initiate one only if you have in-depth knowledge about the topic at hand.

Body of the group discussion

 Different techniques to initiate a GD and make a good first impression:

i. Quotes
ii. Definition
iii. Question
iv. Shock statement
v. Facts, figures and statistics
vi. Short story
vii. General statement

i. Quotes

Quotes are an effective way of initiating a GD.

If the topic of a GD is: Should the Censor Board be abolished?, you could start with a
quote like, 'Hidden apples are always sweet'.

For a GD topic like, Customer is King, you could quote Sam (Wall-mart) Walton's famous
saying, 'There is only one boss: the customer. And he can fire everybody in the company
-- from the chairman on down, simply by spending his money somewhere else.'

ii. Definition

Start a GD by defining the topic or an important term in the topic.

For example, if the topic of the GD is Advertising is a Diplomatic Way of Telling a Lie,
why not start the GD by defining advertising as, 'Any paid form of non-personal
presentation and promotion of ideas, goods or services through mass media like
newspapers, magazines, television or radio by an identified sponsor'?
For a topic like The Malthusian Economic Prophecy is no longer relevant, you could start
by explaining the definition of the Malthusian Economic Prophecy.

iii. Question

Asking a question is an impact way of starting a GD.

It does not signify asking a question to any of the candidates in a GD so as to hamper the
flow. It implies asking a question, and answering it yourself.

Any question that might hamper the flow of a GD or insult a participant or play devil's
advocate must be discouraged.

Questions that promote a flow of ideas are always appreciated.

For a topic like, Should India go to war with Pakistan, you could start by asking, 'What
does war bring to the people of a nation? We have had four clashes with Pakistan. The
pertinent question is: what have we achieved?'

iv. Shock statement

Initiating a GD with a shocking statement is the best way to grab immediate attention
and put forth your point.

If a GD topic is, The Impact of Population on the Indian Economy, you could start with,
'At the centre of the Indian capital stands a population clock that ticks away relentlessly.
It tracks 33 births a minute, 2,000 an hour, 48,000 a day. Which calculates to about 12
million every year. That is roughly the size of Australia. As a current political slogan puts
it, 'Nothing's impossible when 1 billion Indians work together'.'

v. Facts, figures and statistics

If you decide to initiate your GD with facts, figure and statistics, make sure to quote
them accurately.

Approximation is allowed in macro level figures, but micro level figures need to be
correct and accurate.

For example, you can say, approximately 70 per cent of the Indian population stays in
rural areas (macro figures, approximation allowed).

But you cannot say 30 states of India instead of 28 (micro figures, no approximations).

Stating wrong facts works to your disadvantage.

 For a GD topic like, China, a Rising Tiger, you could start with, 'In 1983, when China was
still in its initial stages of reform and opening up, China's real use of Foreign Direct
Investment only stood at $636 million. China actually utilized $60 billion of FID in 2004,
which is almost 100 times that of its 1983 statistics."

vi. Short story

Use a short story in a GD topic like, Attitude is Everything.

This can be initiated with, 'A child once asked a balloon vendor, who was selling helium
gas-filled balloons, whether a blue-colored balloon will go as high in the sky as a green-
colored balloon. The balloon vendor told the child, it is not the color of the balloon but
what is inside it that makes it go high.'

vii. General statement

Use a general statement to put the GD in proper perspective.

For example, if the topic is, Should Sonia Gandhi be the prime minister of India?, you
could start by saying, 'Before jumping to conclusions like, 'Yes, Sonia Gandhi should be',
or 'No, Sonia Gandhi should not be', let's first find out the qualities one needs to be a a
good prime minister of India. Then we can compare these qualities with those that Mrs.
Gandhi possesses. This will help us reach the conclusion in a more objective and
effective manner.'

Summarization/ Conclusion

 Most GD do not really have conclusions. A conclusion is where the whole group decides
in favor or against the topic.

 But every GD is summarized. You can summaries what the group has discussed in the
GD in a nutshell.

Keep the following points in mind while summarizing a discussion:

 

1. Avoid raising new points.

2. Avoid stating only your viewpoint.

3. Avoid dwelling only on one aspect of the GD.

4. Keep it brief and concise.

 5. It must incorporate all the important points that came out during the GD.

6. If the examiner asks you to summaries a GD, it means the GD has come to an end.

7. Do not add anything once the GD has been summarized.

GD Do's
Do's

Be as natural as possible. Do not try and be someone you are not. Be yourself.

A group discussion is your chance to be more vocal. The evaluator wants to hear you speak.

Take time to organize your thoughts. Think of what you are going to say.

Seek clarification if you have any doubts regarding the subject.

Don't start speaking until you have clearly understood and analyzed the subject.

Work out various strategies to help you make an entry: initiate the discussion or agree with
someone else's point and then move onto express your views.

Opening the discussion is not the only way of gaining attention and recognition. If you do not
give valuable insights during the discussion, all your efforts of initiating the discussion will be in
vain.

Your body language says a lot about you - your gestures and mannerisms are more likely to
reflect your attitude than what you say.

Language skills are important only to the effect as to how you get your points across clearly and
fluently.

Be assertive not dominating; try to maintain a balanced tone in your discussion and analysis.

Don't lose your cool if anyone says anything you object to. The key is to stay objective: Don't
take the discussion personally.
Always be polite: Try to avoid using extreme phrases like: `I strongly object' or `I disagree'.
Instead try phrases like: `I would like to share my views on�' or `One difference between your
point and mine�' or "I beg to differ with you"

Brush up on your leadership skills; motivate the other members of the team to speak (this
surely does not mean that the only thing that you do in the GD is to say "let us hear what the
young lady with the blue scarf has to say," or "Raghu, let us hear your views" - Essentially be
subtle), and listen to their views. Be receptive to others' opinions and do not be abrasive or
aggressive.

If you have a group of like-minded friends, you can have a mock group discussion where you
can learn from each other through giving and receiving feedback.

Apart from the above points, the panel will also judge team members for their alertness and
presence of mind, problem-solving abilities, ability to work as a team without alienating certain
members, and creativity.

GD Preparation
While selection tools and techniques like tests, interviews etc. provide good data about an
individual, they fall short in providing real life data of how an individual would be performing in
a real life situation especially a group situation. Team work being an integral part of the BPO
work profile, it is important to ascertain group and inter-personal qualities of an individual.
Group discussion is a useful tool to ascertain these qualities and many organizations use GDs as
a selection tool along with Personal Interviews, aptitude tests etc. A GD is an activity where

 Groups of 8-10 candidates are formed into a leaderless group, and are given a specific
situation to analyse and discuss within a given time limit, which may vary between
twenty minutes and forty-five minutes, or

 They may be given a case study and asked to come out with a solution for a problem

 They may be given a topic and are asked to discuss the same

1. Preparing for a Group Discussion: While GD reflects the inherent qualities of an individual,
appearing for it unprepared may not augur well for you. These tips would help you prepare for
GDs:

Reading: This is the first and the most crucial step in preparation. This is a never ending process
and the more you read, the better you are in your thoughts. While you may read anything to
everything, you must ensure that you are in good touch with current affairs, the debates and
hot topics of discussion and also with the latest in the IT and ITES industry. Chances are the
topics would be around these. Read both for the thoughts as well as for data. Also read multiple
view points on the same topic and then create your point of view with rationale. Also create
answers for counter arguments for your point of view. The electronic media also will be of good
use here.

Mocks: Create an informal GD group and meet regularly to discuss and exchange feedback. This
is the best way to prepare. This would give you a good idea about your thoughts and how well
can you convince. Remember, it is important that you are able to express your thoughts well.
The better you perform in these mocks the better would be you chances to perform on the final
day. Also try to interact and participate in other GD groups. This will develop in you a skill to
discuss with unknown people as well.

2. During the Group Discussion:

What do the panelists assess: Some of the qualities assessed in a GD are:

Leadership Skills - Ability to take leadership roles and be able to lead, inspire and carry the
team along to help them achieve the group's objectives.

Communication Skills - Candidates will be assessed in terms of clarity of thought, expression

and aptness of language. One key aspect is listening. It indicates a willingness to accommodate
others views.

Interpersonal Skills - People skills are an important aspect of any job. They are reflected in the
ability to interact with other members of the group in a brief situation. Emotional maturity and
balance promotes good interpersonal relationships. The person has to be more people centric
and less self-centered.

Persuasive Skills - The ability to analyze and persuade others to see the problem from multiple
perspectives.

GD is a test of your ability to think, your analytical capabilities and your ability to make your
point in a team-based environment.

These are some of the sub-skills that also get assessed with the skills mentioned above:

 Clarity of thought

 Group working skills (especially during a group task of case study discussion)

 Conflict handling

 Listening and probing skills

  Knowledge about the subject and individual point of view

 Ability to create a consensus

 Openess and flexibility towards new ideas

 Data based approach to decision making

While, it is not possible to reflect all these qualities in a short time, you would do well if you are
able to show a couple or more qualities and avoid giving negative evidence on others.

How do I take my chance to speak: Trying to interrupt others while speaking would only harm
your chances. Instead, you may try to maintain an eye-contact with the speaker. This would
show your listening skills also and would help you gauge from his eye-movement and pitch of
voice that he is about to close his inputs. You can quickly take it from there. Also, try and link
your inputs with what he has spoken whether you are adding to or opposing his arguments.
This would reflect that you are actually being participative rather than just doing a collective
monologue.

 How to I communicate in a GD: Be crisp and to the point. Be fact based and avoid
making individual opinions that do not have a factual base. Make eye contact with all
the members in the group and avoid looking at the panelists while speaking. The
average duration of the group discussion provides an average of about 2-3 minutes per
participant to speak and you should try to speak about 3-4 times. Hence, you need to be
really crisp to reflect the most in those 30-40 sec. slots.

 How do I convince others and make them agree to my view point: A lot of candidates
make it their mission to make the group reach to a conclusion on the topic. Do not
forget that some of the topics have been eternal debates and there is no way you can
get an agreement in 15 mins. on them. The objective is not to make others toe your line
but to provide fact based, convincing arguments which create an impact. Stick to this
approach.

 Do leadership skills include moderating the group discussion: This is a myth and many
people do try to impose their order on the GD, ordering people when to speak and
when not to. This only reflects poor leadership. Leadership in a GD would be reflected
by your clarity of thought, ability to expand the topic in its different dimensions,
providing an opportunity to a silent participant to speak, listening to others and probing
them to provide more information. Hence, work on these areas rather than be a self-
appointed moderator of the group.

 Listening: This is a key quality assessed during the GD about which many participants
forget. Active listening can fetch you credit points and would also provide you with data
to discuss. Also, if you have an average of 2-3 minutes to speak, the rest of the 20-25
 minutes is required to spent in active listening. For this, maintain eye contact with the
speakers, attend to them (like nodding, using acknowledging words like -I see ok, fine,
great etc.). This would also make you be the centre of attraction as you would appear
non-threatening to the speakers.

 Behaviour during the GD: Be patient; don't get upset if anyone says anything you object
to. Stay objective and don't take the discussion personally. Also, remember the six C's of
communication - Clarity, Completeness, Conciseness, Confidence, Correctness and
Courtesy. Be appreciative & receptive to ideas from other people and open-minded but
do not let others to change your own viewpoint. Be active and interested throughout. It
is better to participate less if you have no clue of the topic. You may listen to others and
take clues from there and speak. You would be assessed on a range of different skills
and you may think that leadership is key, you need to be careful that you don't
dominate the discussion.

 Quality Vs Quantity: Often, participants think that success in group discussions depends
on how much and how loudly they speak. Interestingly, it's the opposite. Also, making
your point on the topic, your views are important and the group needs to know. This will
tell you are knowledgeable and that you participate in groups

 Summarizing: If you have not been able to initiate the discussion, try to summaries and
close it. Good summarizing would get you good reward points. A conclusion is where
the whole group decides in favour or against the topic and most GDs do not have a
closure. But every GD can be summarized by putting forth what the group has discussed
in a nutshell. Keep the following points in mind while summarizing a discussion:

o Avoid raising new points.

o Avoid stating only your viewpoint.

o Avoid dwelling only on one aspect of the GD

o Keep it brief and concise.

o It must include all the important points that came out during the GD

o If you are asked to summarise a GD, it means the GD has come to an end.

o Do not add anything once the GD has been summarised.

Some Positive Task Roles in a Group Discussion:You may want to play one or more of them:

 Initiator
  Information seeker

 Information giver

 Procedure facilitator

 Opinion seeker

 Opinion giver

 Clarifier

 Social Supporter

 Harmonizer

 Tension Reliever

 Energizer

 Compromiser

 Gatekeeper

 Summarizer

Negative Roles to be Avoided

 Disgruntled non-participant

 Attacker

 Dominator

 Patronizer

 Clown

Feedback template: While doing mocks for GD preparation, you would get benefited by the
feedback of others. For the purpose, we are providing a template for feedback - both
quantitative and qualitative. The items described over there are a suggested list and not a
complete one. You may make changes in it depending upon your need.
 GD Mistakes

Here's a list of the most common mistakes made at group discussions:

Emotional outburst

Rashmi was offended when one of the male participants in a group discussion made a
statement on women generally being submissive while explaining his point of view. When
Rashmi finally got an opportunity to speak, instead of focussing on the topic, she vented her
anger by accusing the other candidate for being a male chauvinist and went on to defend
women in general.

What Rashmi essentially did was to

 Deviate from the subject

 Treat the discussion as a forum to air her own views.

 Lose objectivity and make personal attacks.

Her behaviour would have been perceived as immature and demotivating to the rest of the
team.

Quality Vs Quantity

Gautam believed that the more he talked, the more likely he was to get through the GD. So, he
interrupted other people at every opportunity. He did this so often that the other candidates
got together to prevent him from participating in the rest of the discussion.

 Assessment is not only on your communication skills but also on your ability to be a
team player.

 Evaluation is based on quality, and not on quantity. Your contribution must be relevant.

 The mantra is "Contributing meaningfully to the team's success." Domination is frowned

upon.
Egotism Showing off

Krishna was happy to have got a group discussion topic he had prepared for. So, he took pains
to project his vast knowledge of the topic. Every other sentence of his contained statistical data
- "20% of companies; 24.27% of parliamentarians felt that; I recently read in a Jupiter Report
that..." and so on so forth. Soon, the rest of the team either laughed at him or ignored his
attempts to enlighten them as they perceived that he was cooking up the data.

 Exercise restraint in anything. You will end up being frowned upon if you attempt
showing-off your knowledge.

 Facts and figures need not validate all your statements.

 Its your analysis and interpretation that are equally important - not just facts and
figures.

 You might be appreciated for your in-depth knowledge. But you will fail miserably in
your people skills.

 Such a behavior indicates how self-centered you are and highlights your inability to
work in an atmosphere where different opinions are expressed.

Get noticed - But for the right reasons

Srikumar knew that everyone would compete to initiate the discussion. So as soon as the topic -
"Discuss the negative effects of India joining the WTO" - was read out, he began talking. In his
anxiety to be the first to start speaking, he did not hear the word "negative" in the topic. He
began discussing the ways in which the country had benefited by joining WTO, only to be
stopped by the evaluator, who then corrected his mistake.

 False starts are extremely expensive. They cost you your admission. It is very important
to listen and understand the topic before you air your opinions.

 Spending a little time analyzing the topic may provide you with insights which others
may not have thought about. Use a pen and paper to jot down your ideas.

 Listen! It gives you the time to conceptualize and present the information in a better
manner.

Some mistakes are irreparable. Starting off the group discussion with a mistake is one such
mistake, unless you have a great sense of humor.

Managing one's insecurities

Sumati was very nervous. She thought that some of the other candidates were exceptionally
good. Thanks to her insecurity, she contributed little to the discussion. Even when she was
asked to comment on a particular point, she preferred to remain silent.

 Your personality is also being evaluated. Your verbal and non verbal cues are being read.

 Remember, you are the participant in the GD; not the evaluator. So, rather than
evaluating others and your performance, participate in the discussion.

 Your confidence level is being evaluated. Decent communication skills with good
confidence is a must to crack the GDs.

Focus on your strengths and do not spend too much time thinking about how others are
superior or inferior to you. It is easy to pick up these cues from your body language.

Knowledge is strength. A candidate with good reading habits has more chances of success. In
other words, sound knowledge on different topics like politics, finance, economy, science and
technology is helpful.

Power to convince effectively is another quality that makes you stand out among others.

Clarity in speech and expression is yet another essential quality.

If you are not sure about the topic of discussion, it is better not to initiate. Lack of knowledge or
wrong approach creates a bad impression. Instead, you might adopt the wait and watch
attitude. Listen attentively to others, may be you would be able to come up with a point or two
later.

A GD is a formal occasion where slang is to avoided.

A GD is not a debating stage. Participants should confine themselves to expressing their

viewpoints. In the second part of the discussion candidates can exercise their choice in
agreeing, disagreeing or remaining neutral.

Language use should be simple, direct and straight forward.

Don't interrupt a speaker when the session is on. Try to score by increasing your size, not by
cutting others short.

Maintain rapport with fellow participants. Eye contact plays a major role. Non-verbal gestures,
such as listening intently or nodding while appreciating someone's viewpoint speak of you
positively.
Communicate with each and every candidate present. While speaking don't keep looking at a
single member. Address the entire group in such a way that everyone feels you are speaking to
him or her.

MBA GD Topics
 Is India moving towards people management?

 Education in India � burden or opportunity?

 Football means to India?  

 IT chain puller of Indian economy.

 Indian Philosophy in the world?

 Human relations vs. Materialistic things?

 Globalization how real is it?

 Black-darkness or beam.

 Education vs. literacy.

 History spoils us or built us?

 Unique identification number.

 Is rural India strength for India?

 Indian agriculture system.

 Aviation needs good engineers or management?

 2012 is rumor or reality?

 Business money or fame?

 Taxation policy (2010) savings or fascination?

 NGOs or Independent helping.

 Death of Socialism

 Women �burden or backbone?

 Kids are more careers oriented.

 European management system in Indian management system.

 Reality shows.

 Politics another career option?

 Pygmalion affects how much effective?

 A fool or an arrogant star?

 Study or extra curricular activity is the driven force to success?

 CCR �SLR which should be given more important?

 Credit card spoiling habits?

 Machine over man or man over machine?

 Movies made in Bollywood for Hollywood

 Models turn actors.

 Innovation �how much is it required?

 Discovery vs. invention.

 Spiritualism is a curtain to crime?

 We or you?

 Tranquility satisfaction or success?

 Prostitution excuse or intent?

 2012 certain or uncertain?

 Sex conversion �way to reach goal or feel good factor?

 Theory or practical?

 MBA or PGDM?

 A fool or a competitive jerk?

 Dose really Placebo affects?

 �Avatar� a turning point.

 India leader or follower in 20th century?

 Rajneeti vs. kites.

 Team worker or a Leader?

 Davinci code.

 Role of IT in other managerial functions (required)?

 Interview or GD?

 Management or technology �contributed to Indian development?

 Blue eyes.

 Reason for tourism in India �business or tourist place?

 Decreasing defense expenditure and increasing social expenditure is the need of the
hour

Engineering GD Topics
 Is China a threat to the Indian software industry.

 Role of UN in peacekeeping.

 Position of Women in India compared to other nations.

 Environment Management.

 Is China better than India in software.

 Govt contribution to IT

 is china a threat to Indian industry

  India or west , which is the land of opportunities

 water resources should be nationalised

 "BALANCE BETWEEN PROFESSIONALISM AND FAMILY"

 Effect of cinema on Youth

 Education in India compared to Foreign nations

 What is the effect of movies on youth. is it good or bad)

 Are studies more beneficial in India or in Abroad.

 "UN's peace activities" and "America's war on Iraq".

 "Environment-Whose Responsibility".

 US war on iraq-justified or not.

 Role of UN in Peace keeping

 War on Iraq

 About Hockey being the primary game in India.

 Can America occupy Iraq

 IS CHINA A THREAT TO INDIA

 Present state of Indian Cricket team

 Advantages of Co-education.

 How to deal with international terrorism.

 Should we pursue our policy of dialogue with Pakistan?

 Is peace and non-violence outdated concepts?

 A Unipolar World spells disaster for underdeveloped countries like India.

 Is Globalization Really Necessary?

 What shall we do about our ever-increasing Population?

 Corruption is the price we pay for Democracy.

 Foreign Television Channels are destroying our culture.

 What India needs is a Dictatorship.

 With media publishing and telecasting trivia, censorship is the need of the hour.

 Kaun Banega Krorepati is less about knowledge but more about money and personality.

 Beauty contests degrade womanhood

 The rise of regional blocs threatens independent nations like India

 Six billion and one bronze!

 Is dependence on computers a good thing?

 Should the public sector be privatised?

 China and India are similar nations with contrasting ways

 Is India a Soft Nation?

 Value based politics is the need of the hour

 Religion should not be mixed with politics

 How to deal with high oil prices

 Our cricketers are not to blame for match fixing

 Why cant we be world players in industry as we are in software?

 Multinational corporations: Are they devils in disguise?

 Should there be limits on artistic freedom (the controversy on Fire).

 Should there be private universities?

 Does banning fashion shows and New Year parties save our culture?

 Public sector is more a hindrance than help to promote socialism.

 Economic betterment of the poorer nations is as important as disarmament to ensure

lasting world peace.

 From public sector to privatization as in the U.K., is the right answer for India's instant
economic breakthrough.

 The doctrine of "limited nuclear war" is an ill-convinced, ill- logical, irrational and
extremely dangerous concept.

 Some simple but effective electoral reforms will enable us to retain the present
parliamentary system and ensure the preservation of democracy in India.

 Nuclear war cannot be won and should not be fought.

 Private enterprise and not public sector will contribute to faster and higher economic
growth in India

 Inflation is inevitable in our developing country.

 The policy of reservation is a legacy of the British and it has done more harm than good.

 For a marketing post graduate, without prior work experience working in a big
marketing firm is a disadvantage when compared with working in a small firm. Discuss.

 Consumerism is destroying the social fabric of Indian culture

 Free market is a prerequisite for growth.

 Cricket as a national obsession is a detriment to other sports.

 To develop India has to empower women.

 .Formulate the government's health policy to control the spread of AIDS.

 Advertising is a waste of resources.

 Privatization will lead to less corruption.

 State is the biggest violator of human rights.

 There can never be a classless society.

 Beauty pageants are a marketing gimmick.

 Voting rights to illiterates in India is illogical because it is widely misused.

 Joint family is a blessing in disguise

 Higher education should be made possible only for those who can pay for it.

 Women cannot successfully combine both career and home

 Women are good managers.

 Executive should be allowed to form unions.

 Effect of liberalization on poverty.

 Indians perform better as individuals rather than in groups.

 Business and ethics go hand in hand, or do they?

 Developing countries should spend more on development than on defense.

 Political parties have outlived their utility.

 Is Swadeshi relevant for India today?

 Money is required to earn more money.

 Foreign trade is necessary for any country to survive 

 Presidential Vs Parliamentary form of government of India.

 Technology: The Ism' Of The New Millennium?

 Religion And Politics Should Not Mix

 TRIPS Controversy And The Patent Act Amendment

 Should India Sign The CTBT

 State Interventions In Market Kind Or Mixed Economy

 Science Is A Boon Or Bane

 Is Swapping Terrorists For Hostages An Encouragement For Plane- Hijackers?

 Nice Guys Finish Last

 All Work And No Play Makes Jack A Dull Boy

 Individual Freedom And Civil Society

 Conventionalism And Modernity: The Ever going Debate

 Should There Be A Restriction On Permissiveness Being propagated by The MTV Culture

And Foreign Media?

 Marxism And Its Future All Over The World

 The Growing Menace Of Casteism And Regionalism

 Presidential Form Of Government Is Needed In India

 Bullet For Bullet: Is It The Right Policy?

 Capitation Fees Should Be Abolished

 Brain-Drain Has To Be Stopped

 Business And Ethics Can't / Don't Go Together

 Are women As good as Men Or Inferior?

 Nothing Succeeds Like Success

 The Malthusian Economic Prophecy Is No Longer Relevant

 Secessionism In The North-East: Who's To Blame?

 Should India Break Diplomatic Ties With Pakistan?

 Age and Youth: Experience And Young Talent

 East Is East & West Is Where All The Action Is': Mark Twain

 Freedom Of _Expression And The State Authority.

BPO GD Topics
 Is coalition politics here to stay?

 Does India need a dictator?

 What ails Indian sports?

 Success is all about human relations

 Borderless worlds - Dream or reality?

 Quality is a myth in India

 Will China overtake India in IT

 India - the back office to the world by 2020

 Does Indian IT industry need to focus on products rather than services

 The BPO age - heralding a new employment revolution

 The BPO revolution and its impact on the society

 Education and success - Is there a correlation?

 We don't learn from history, we repeat it

 Do we need a global policeman?

 Indian villages - our strength or our weakness?

 Management Education - Is it necessary to succeed in business

 Kids today are not what they used to be

 Repeated elections - Who should pay for them

 Indian bureaucracy - foundation strengths or colonial hangovers?

 In India, the whole is less than the parts - Do we lack in team spirit?

 "Dot.com" companies - Is there room for everyone?

 Artificial Intelligence - Will man be ever replaced by machines?

 Materialism - Have we sold our souls to the Devil?

 Role of ethics in tobacco industry, liquor industry etc.

 Are we unfit for Democracy?

 Survival tools for the new millennium

 Examinations - has it killed education

 Should doctors be tried in Consumer Courts

 Is E-Commerce the best thing for India

General GD Topics
 US war on Iraq-justified or not.

 Role of UN in peacekeeping.

 Position of Women in India compared to other nations.

 Environment Management. 

 Is China better than India in software.

 Should SONIA Gandhi be made the PM

 BPOs in INDIA

 Govt contribution to IT

 will punch lines rule the Advt

 premarital sex
 is china a threat to Indian industry

 India or west , which is the land of opportunities

 water resources should be nationalized

 "BALANCE BETWEEN PROFESSIONALISM AND FAMILY"

 Effect of cinema on Youth

 Education in India compared to Foreign nations

 Is it necessary to ban COCO COLA in India.

 What is the effect of movies on youth. is it good or bad)

 Are studies more beneficial in India or in Abroad.

 "UN's peace activities" and "America's war on Iraq".

 "Environment-Whose Responsibility".

 Is China a threat to the Indian software industry.

 Role of UN in Peace keeping

 War on Iraq

 About Hockey being the primary game in India

 Can America occupy Iraq

 Cricket should be banned or not.

 IS CHINA A THREAT TO INDIA

 Present state of Indian Cricket team.

 Love marriage/Arranged marriage.

 Advantages of Co-education.  

 How to deal with international terrorism.

 Should we pursue our policy of dialogue with Pakistan?

 Is peace and non-violence outdated concepts?

Current GD Topics
 A Unipolar World spells disaster for underdeveloped countries like India

  Is Globalisation Really Necessary?

  What shall we do about our ever-increasing Population?

  Corruption is the price we pay for Democracy

  Foreign Television Channels are destroying our culture

  What India needs is a Dictatorship.

  With media publishing and telecasting trivia, censorship is the need of the hour. 

 Kaun Banega Krorepati is less about knowledge but more about money and personality.

 Beauty contests degrade womanhood

 The rise of regional blocs threatens independent nations like India

 Six billion and one bronze!

  Is dependence on computers a good thing?

 Should the public sector be privatised?

 China and India are similar nations with contrasting ways

 Is India a Soft Nation?

 Value based politics is the need of the hour

 Religion should not be mixed with politics

 How to deal with high oil prices

 Our cricketers are not to blame for match fixing

 Why cant we be world players in industry as we are in software?

 Multinational corporations: Are they devils in disguise?

 Should there be limits on artistic freedom (the controversy on Fire).

 Should there be private universities?

 Does banning fashion shows and New Year parties save our culture

http://www.freshersworld.com/interview/gd_mock.htm(mock gd case studies)

How to crack the GD (Group Discussion). 10 simple ways with ppt on

GD

Posted In | Soft skills for testers

http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/how-to-crack-the-gd/
Many companies and institutes are making group discussion as the first criteria for screening
the candidates for face-to-face interviews. And there is reason too for giving huge importance
for Group Discussion. First thing Group Discussion is used for mass elimination! And second
thing group discussion selection criteria’s are based on actual company requirements.

Communication and Group Discussion skill are two relevant soft skills that are must for
software testers.

Why group discussion should be the first criteria for selecting software testers?

Software tester requires communication with different people like team members, managers
and customers. So interpersonal skill is very important for tester.

Yesterday one of our readers mailed me about her problem. She is very good at work but when
it comes to taking credit for her work, someone else is taking the credit.

Why this is happening? She is lagging in interpersonal skills. Lagging in communication. She
might be proficient in many skills, but what if she isn’t able to communicate her thoughts in
front of her seniors or evaluators? Simply, she will lose the credits of her own work!

Making a good impression while speaking in meetings or interviews is the basic skill every
professional should have. Let’s see how you can make this impression.

What skills are judged in group discussion?

 How good you are at communication with others.

 How you behave and interact with group.

 How open minded are you.

 Your listening skill.

 How you put forward your views.

  Your leadership and decision making skills.

 Your analysis skill and subject knowledge.

 Problem solving and critical thinking skill.

 Your attitude and confidence.

Do’s and Don’ts of Group discussion:

1) Keep eye contact while speaking:

Do not look at the evaluators only. Keep eye contact with every team member while speaking.

2) Initiate the GD:

Initiating the GD is a big plus. But keep in mind – Initiate the group discussion only when you
understood the GD topic clearly and have some topic knowledge. Speaking without proper
subject knowledge is bad impression.

3) Allow others to speak:

Do not interrupt anyone in-between while speaking. Even if you don’t agree with his/her
thoughts do not snatch their chance to speak. Instead make some notes and clear the points
when it’s your turn.

4) Speak clearly:

Speak politely and clearly. Use simple and understandable words while speaking. Don’t be too
aggressive if you are disagreeing with someone. Express your feelings calmly and politely.

5) Make sure to bring the discussion on track:

If by any means group is distracting from the topic or goal then simply take initiative to bring
the discussion on the track. Make all group members aware that you all need to come to some
conclusion at the end of the discussion. So stick to the topic.

6) Positive attitude:

Be confident. Do not try to dominate anyone. Keep positive body language. Show interest in
discussion.

7) Speak sensibly:

Do not speak just to increase your speaking time. Don’t worry even if you speak less. Your
thoughts should be sensible and relevant instead of irrelevant speech.

8 ) Listen carefully to others:

Speak less and listen more! Pay attention while others are speaking. This will make coherent
discussion and you will get involved in the group positively. You will surely make people agree
with you.

9) No need to go into much details:

Some basic subject analysis is sufficient. No need to mention exact figures while giving any
reference. You have limited time so be precise and convey your thoughts in short and simple
language.

10) Formal dressing:

Do not take it casually. No fancy and funny dressing. You should be comfortable while speaking
in group. Positive gesture and body language will make your work easy.

Follow these 10 simple rules to easily crack the GD.

 Group Discussion

http://www.freshershome.com/group-discussion.php

Group Discussion can be defined as a formal discussion involving ten to 12 participants in a

group.

It is a methodology used by an organization to gauge whether the candidate has certain

personality traits and/or skills that it desires in its members. In this methodology, the group of
candidates is given a topic or a situation, given a few minutes to think about the same, and then
asked to discuss the it among themselves for 15-20 minutes.

As in a football game, where you play like a team, passing the ball to each team member and
aim for a common goal, GD is also based on team work, incorporating views of different team
members to reach a common goal.

Here are some of the most important personality traits that a candidate should possess to do
well at a GD:

 Team Player
 Reasoning Ability
 Leadership
 Flexibility
 Assertiveness
 Initiative
 Creativity/ Out of the box thinking
 Inspiring ability
 Listening
 Awareness

1. Team Player

It is essential for managers to be team players.

The reason: Managers always work in teams.

At the beginning of his(manager) career, a manager works as a team member. And, later, as a
team leader.

Management aspirants who lack team skills cannot be good managers.

2. Reasoning Ability

Reasoning ability plays an important role while expressing your opinions or ideas at a GD.

For example, on India's growth and its effect's:

Any Answer for this should be based on reasons, not assumptions.

3. Leadership

There are three types of situations that can arise in a GD:

 A GD where participants are unable to establish a proper rapport and do not speak
much.
 A GD where participants get emotionally charged and the GD gets chaotic.
 A GD where participants discuss the topic assertively by touching on all its nuances and
try to reach the objective.

Here, a leader would be someone who facilitates the third situation at a GD.

A leader would have the following qualities:

~S/he shows direction to the group whenever group moves away from the topic.

~S/he coordinates the effort of the different team members in the GD.

~S/he contributes to the GD at regular intervals with valuable insights.

~S/he also inspires and motivates team members to express their views.

caution: Being a mere coordinator in a GD does not help, because it is a secondary role.
Contribute to the GD with your ideas and opinions, but also try and steer the conversation towards a
goal.

4. Flexibility

You must be open to other ideas as well as to the evaluation of your ideas: That is what
flexibility is all about.
But first, remember: Never ever start your GD with a stand or a conclusion.

Say the topic of a GD is, 'Should India Ban night work for Women at night hours?'
Some participants tend to get emotionally attached to the topic and take a stand either in
favour or against the topic, ie 'Yes, India should', or, 'No, India should not'.
By taking a stand, you have already given your decision without discussing the topic at hand or
listening to the views of your team members.
Also, if you encounter an opposition with a very strong point at the 11th hour, you end up in a
typical catch-22 situation:

~If you change your stand, you are seen as a fickle-minded or a whimsical person.
~If you do not change your stand, you are seen as an inflexible, stubborn and obstinate person.

5. Assertiveness

You must put forth your point to the group in a very emphatic, positive and confident manner.
Participants often confuse assertiveness with aggressiveness.
Aggressiveness is all about forcing your point on the other person, and can be a threat to the
group. An aggressive person can also demonstrate negative body language, whereas an
assertive person displays positive body language.

6. Initiative

A general trend amongst students is to start a GD and get the initial kitty of points earmarked
for the initiator.
But that is a high risk-high return strategy.
Initiate a GD only if you are well versed with the topic. If you start and fail to contribute at
regular intervals, it gives the impression that you started the GD just for the sake of the initial
points.
Also, if you fumble, stammer or misquote facts, it may work against you.
Remember: You never ever get a second chance to create a first impression.

7. Creativity/ Out of the box thinking

An idea or a perspective which opens new horizons for discussion on the GD topic is always
highly appreciated.
When you put across a new idea convincingly, such that it is discussed at length by the group, it
can only be positive.
You will find yourself in the good books of the examiner.

8. Inspiring ability

A good group discussion should incorporate views of all the team members.
If some team members want to express their ideas but are not getting the opportunity to do so,
giving them an opportunity to express their ideas or opinions will be seen as a positive trait.
Caution: If a participant is not willing to speak, you need not necessarily go out of the way to
ask him to express his views. This may insult him and hamper the flow of the GD.
9. Listening
Always try and strike a proper balance between expressing your ideas and imbibing ideas.

10. Awareness
You must be well versed with both the micro and macro environment.
Your awareness about your environment helps a lot in your GD content, which carries
maximum weightage.

Groupd Discussion Common Tips From FreshersHome.com Team!

The tips given below are appicable in any GD. The only difference between most other GDs and
the GDs conducted by the IIMs after CAT or other top B Schools is the intensity of the
competition.

 Be as natural as possible. Do not try and be someone you are not. Be yourself.
 A group discussion is your chance to be more vocal. The evaluator wants to hear you speak.
 Take time to organize your thoughts. Think of what you are going to say.
 Seek clarification if you have any doubts regarding the subject.
 Don't start speaking until you have clearly understood and analyzed the subject.
 Work out various strategies to help you make an entry: initiate the discussion or agree with
someone else's point and then move onto express your views.
 Opening the discussion is not the only way of gaining attention and recognition. If you do not
give valuable insights during the discussion, all your efforts of initiating the discussion will be in
vain.
 Your body language says a lot about you - your gestures and mannerisms are more likely to
reflect your attitude than what you say.
 Language skills are important only to the effect as to how you get your points across clearly and
fluently.
 Be assertive not dominating; try to maintain a balanced tone in your discussion and analysis.
 Don't lose your cool if anyone says anything you object to. The key is to stay objective: Don't
take the discussion personally.
 Always be polite: Try to avoid using extreme phrases like: `I strongly object' or `I disagree'.
Instead try phrases like: `I would like to share my views on…' or `One difference between your
point and mine…' or "I beg to differ with you"
 Brush up on your leadership skills; motivate the other members of the team to speak (this surely
does not mean that the only thing that you do in the GD is to say "let us hear what the young
lady with the blue scarf has to say," or "Raghu, let us hear your views" - Essentially be subtle),
and listen to their views. Be receptive to others' opinions and do not be abrasive or aggressive.
 If you have a group of like-minded friends, you can have a mock group discussion where you can
learn from each other through giving and receiving feedback.

Apart from the above points, the panel will also judge team members for their alertness and presence of
mind, problem-solving abilities, ability to work as a team without alienating certain members, and
creativity.
Don't be disheartened if you did not do well in your first group discussion. The best possible
preparation for a group discussion is to learn from your past mistakes...

http://www.freshershome.com/group-discussion/common-gd-tips.php