I

REPEAT EACH LETTER AND NUHBER USING THE GUIDELINES PROVIDED. USE A SOFT LEAD
( F OR HB ) FOR LETTERING. A CONICAL POINT WITH A SLIGHTLY ROUNDED T I P I S THE
b!dST PREFERRED SHAPE OF POINT, ROTATE THE PENCIL BElWEEN THE THUMB AND INDEX
FlWGER AFTER EVERY FEW LElTERS TO KEEP THE STROKES UNIFORM.

NOTE: THE LETTER I AN0 THE NUMBER ONE ARE THE SAME.
ILI

OBSERVE THE FORM AND PROPORTION OF THE ABOVE LETTERS AND REPEAT THE
FOLLOWiNG SENTENCES I N THE GUIDELINES PROVIDED:

LETTERING ON AN ENGINEERING DRAWING OR SKETCH SHOULD CONVEY THE

R€QUlRED INFORMTION CLEARLY AND EFFICIENTLY. ,THE BASIS OF GOOD
LETTERING I S THE SINGLE STROKE GOTHIC ALPHABET.

LETTERING
I
REPEAT EACH LETTER AND NUMBER USING THE GUIDELINES PROVIDED, USE A SOFT LEAD
( F OR HB ) FOR LETTERING. A CONICAL POINT WITH A SLIGHTLY ROf!C!I)EO T I P I S THE
MOST PREFERRED SHAPE OF POINT, ROTATE THE PENCIL BETWEEN THE: :sli:"IAND INDEX
FlNGER AFTER EVERY FEU LETTERS TO KEEP THE STROKE5 UNIFORM.

7 - F '
i
NOTE: THE LETTER I AND THE NUMBER ONE ARE THE SAME.
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OBSERVE THE FORM AND PROPORTION OF THE ABOVE LETTERS AND REPEAT TilE
FOLLOWING SENTENCES I N THE GUIDELINES PROVIDED:

LETTERING ON AN ENGINEERING DRAWING OR SKETCH SHOULD CONVEY THE

SEQU IRED INFORMAT ION CLEARLY AND EFF IC IENTLY. THE BAS I S OF (;:!5D
LETTERING I S THE SINGLE STROKE GOTHIC ALPHABET.
 I
M ETRIC SCJALEIS
THE M I L L I M E T E R I S THE STAkDARD U N I T OF
-1 MLASURCMTNI THAT IS U S L O T O DIMENSION
AN EMUINEERING D R A W I N G . MEASURE AND
SUPPLY THE M I S S I N G DIMENSIONS ON T t i T
W O R K I N G ORAIVtNG BELOW. T H I S DRAW)NG
15 DRAWN HALF-SIZE, USE THE G U I D E L I N C S
THAT A R E GIVEN.

T H R l F S C A L E S A R E GIVEN BELOW W H I C I I A R E C A L I G R A T E D
WITH ENGLISH U N I T S OF M E A S U R E M E N T . THE CORRESPDN-
O l N G END V A L U E S 'ARE G I V t N l l i M E T R 1 C U N I T S . C O M -
P i i T E THE C A L I B I A T I D I . i S ON THE UPPER SIDE OF E A C H
S C A L E 10 CORM AN ALIGNMENT SCALE THAr CONVERTS
3VE. S E T Oi' V A L U E S . INTO T H E OfH,!R. U S E THE RlhGONAL
i.:fdE TECHNIQUE - I L L U S T R A T E D A T 7'4E H I G H T . L A B E L THE
C A L I R R P . f tON!%.

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 - I
I 1 M E A S ~ ~ R TEH C LENGTHS-OF' THE L I N E S 1 THROUGH 1 4 U S I N G T H E
S C A L E S G I V E N 'BELOW. L E T T E R T H E ANSWERS I N T H E G U I D E L I N E S
P R O V I D E D . D E T E R M I N E YOUR ANSWER 8Y E S T I M A T I N G T H E M E A S U R E -
M E N T TO T H E N E A R E S T H A L F O F T H E S M A L L E S T S C A L E D I V I S I O N
ANSWER
SCALE: I = 10
I. I ____I_(

I = 4@/sq. in. Presslire

I I . I 1
1.2 *

13.

2 U S I N G A S C A L E ASSIGNED B Y YOUR INSTRUCTOR, MEASURE THE DIMENSION S SHOWN I N T H E

T W O - V I E W D R A W I N G BELOW AND L E T T E R YOUR A H S W E R S S I N T H E G U I D E L I N E S , P R O V I DE D .

THE E N G I N E E R ' S S C A L E
'LINE STANDARDS CCURTESY Of TBC#ON INWSTRIES, INC.

U S I N G THE SUGGESTED P E N C I L GRADES. M A K E I.. L 0 2 Y OF THE SHAFT

SUPPORT. O M I T I N S T R U C T I O N A L NOTES.
I. M A K E A F U L L - S I Z E COPY B E G I N N I N G AT T t t E G I V E N CORNER.
2. OVERLAY T H I S D R A W I N G W I T H AN 8 - 1 1 2 ' ': .1" SHEET OF V E L L U M
F R O M THE B A C K OF THE B O O K AND M A K " ;: - 2 A C I N C THAT C A N
BE REPRODUCED B Y THE D I A Z O P R O C E S S .

-----

EXTENSION 1IN€

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BRW LINE^ I LSECTIW

LINE
(2H-3H)
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4 START HERE
'INSTRUMENTS
TELEVISION AND R A D I O RECEIVERS AND TRANSMITTERS U T I L I Z E A B A S I C TUBE
T Y P E P O W E R S U P P L Y C I R C U I T S I M I L A R TO T H E O N E S H O W N I N T H E S K E T C H .
M A K E A DOUBLE S I Z E I N S T R U M E N T D . R A W I N G O F THE SKETCHED C I R C U I T , U S I N G
T H I C K S H A R P B L A C K L I N E S FOR S Y M B O L S A N D L I N E W O R K .
. . . _ * _.: . . . .
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USE OF INSTRUMENTS
C O M P L E T E THE G A S K E T D R A W I N G . W O R K A C C U R A T E L Y .
SHOW ALL C O N S T R U C T I O W M A A LRL KT A N G E N T
P O I N T S O N THE G I V E N A N D R A W N P A R T S . T H I S P R O B -
L E M I S SELECTED TO D E V E L O P S K I L L I N THE U S E O F
TRIANGLES, COMPASSES, D I V I D E R S AND SCALES.

NAME
FILE NO: SE'C: DATE: 8
 DRAW AN ARC OF 0.75 INCHES RADIUS TANGENT TO
FONSTRUCT TWO ARCS OF 1.25 INCHES CENTERLINE
2 THE GIVEN ARC WITH I T S CENTER AT 0 AND THE
STRAIGHT L l N E AB. M R K POINTS OF TANGENCY
%4RK TANGENT POINTS AND COMPLETE THE SIDES OF
':It: ROADWAY. AND SHOW CONSTRUCT ION,

3iIP.2 AN ARC OF 1.0 INCHES ( 25 MM ) RADIUS DRAW A CIRCULAR ARC OF 32 MM RADIUS TANGENT
!'ANGENT TO THE GIVEN ARC WlTH I T S CENTER AT 3 4 TO THE TWO GIVEN ARCS WlTH CENTERS AT A AND
0. MARK TANGENT POINTS AND SHOW CONSTRUCTION.
I! AND THE L l N E AB. MARK TANGENT POINTS AND
SHOW CONSTRUCTION.

DRAW AN ARC OF 1.9 INCHES RAD IUS THAT 1S

'I'ANGENT TO THE GIVEN ARCS WlTH CENTERS AT
MARK TANGENT POINTS AND SHOW
5
A, AND 0.
COWSTRUCT ION. CONSTRUCT A CIRCLE THAT W I L L PASS THROUGH
PO INTS A, 8 AND C. SHOW CONSTRUCTION.

DRAWING GEOMETRY
 1 . G I V E N T H E L I M I T S O F T H E MAJOR AND M I N u F $ X E S ,
CONSTRUCT AN E L L I P S E E M P L O Y I N G T H E C O d C E f 4 T R I C -
C I R C L E METHOD. DRAW A SMOOTH CURVE ThPQUZtI T H E
P O I N T S E S T A B L I S H E D W I T H AN I R R E G U L A R ?':i:YE TO
COMPLETE THE E L L I P S E .
2 . D E T E R M I N E THE NUMBER O F P O I N T S OF T A K ~ L - " Y
FORMED B Y T H E I N T E R S E C T I O N OF T H E S M A L l ARCS
A S SHOWN ON T H E D R A W I N G . MARK T H E P O I h l : > OF
TANGENCY AND SHOW T H E C O N S T R U C T l O N OF HOW
THEY WERE D E T E R M I N E D . HOW MANY T A N G E N T I ' 3 I N T S
WERE FORMED?

--
NUMBER OF TANGENT P O I N T S =

D R A W I N G GEOMETRY
..,.- -... *- .--.,,
 GIVEN THE MAJOR AND MINOR AXES A-AIAND 8-B,, CONSTRUCT AN ELLIPSE
EMPLOYING THE CONCENTRIC-CIRCLE METHOD. DRAW A SMOOTH CURVE
THROUGH THE POINTS ESTABLISHED WlTH THE IRREGULAR CURVE TO COMPLETE
THE ELLIPSE.

CONNECT POINTS 161. 262, ETC. WlTH CONSTRUCTION LINES. ' * *

USING THE IRREGULAR CURVE, DRAW A SMOOTH CURVE TANGENT TO
THE CONSTRUCTION LINES AS SHOWN I N THE SMALL EXAMPLE.
THE RESULTING TANGENT CURVE W I L L BE A PORTION OF A PARABOLA. "
2.

REPEAT THE CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE

ON T H I S SIDE TO COMPLETE THE
DRAWING. -

- - OR&&
NAME -
D R A W I N G GEOMETRY - 11
.-SECTION DATE 7
PREPARE AN INSTRUMENT DRAW ING OF THE OPEN END WRENCH SOCKET
AS ILLUSTRATED I N THE DRAWING SHOWN.
USE THE DIMENSIONS AS STATED AND DRAW TO THE SCALE INDICATED.
SCALE: lmm = Tmm (FULL SCALE)
SHOW (L I GKTLY) ALL CONSTRUCTI ON AND MARK ALL T A N G E ~ T IT I NTS.
COHPLETE THE FREEHAND BREAK L I N E .
THE E X A M P L E S AT THE R I G H T S H O W
THE O B L I Q U E A N D O R T H O G R A P H I C
PROJECTIONS OF P O I N T S A AND 0.
A L S O S H O W N A R E THE D I R E C T I O N A L
R E L A T I O N S H I P S . CUT O U T THE
ORTHOGRAPHIC D R A W I N G AND FOLD
A S I N D I CATED TO P R O D U C E A
MODEL.

CF.*IT8METERS

2 3
DECIMAL INCHES

1 D R A W THE M I S S I N G O R T H O G R A P H I C P R O J E C T I O H S , . '
I-

O F P O I N T S C A N D D.
I
2. D R A W THE O B L I Q U E PROJECTIONS O F P O I N T S C AND
D , A N D D R A W THE P O S I T I O N S OF THESE P C l l N T S I N
SPACE.
.)

7
D
+ +D +*
---- fP,---- L--
3. P O I N T L I S 1 I N C H B E H I N D THE F R O N T A L P L A N E A N D
P O I N T M I S 112 I N C H BELOW THE H O R I Z O N T A L P L A N E .
4 D R A W THE O R T H O G R A P H I C P R O J E C T I O N S O F P O I N T S
L A N D M A S L O C A T E D I N P R O B L E M N U M B E R THREE.
D R A W THE O B L I Q U E P R O J E C T I O N S O F P O I N T S M A N D
L AND THEIR P O S I T I O N S I N SPACE.
 '1 O R A W IXI MISSING VICWS
D I c * I [ n l * 1 i r s c or L I N [
TRUE L E N C I H V l l W S 1 L .
of E A C H L!HL AND I N
rrtn i s . irer' 2 TYPE:

'TYPE

3 TYPE 4 TYPE:

3 TYPE:

N
0 P

H M
H
F F

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F P F P
P

G F ~ P ~& ~ C S-"
NAME
---
(;;eometivy- FILE . = S E C ' DATE -.
I PLANE CLASS PLANE CLASS

INCLINED PLANES
 T ~ ! E7 l l x i ~I~I\INCIPN.PlANES ARE (1) FNONTAL,
PRl N C l P A L PLANES (2) t~o?!zON'r,\L, AND (3) PROFILE.

' FRCNTAL
PLANE

T l n S COIECT
CONTAINS 3
FItONTill PLANES

L J
HORIZONTAL PLANES
I
COUTNNS 1

..FRONTAL PLANE4 AlIE PLANES TblAT AItE ! l o f i l w N T A ~PU,!t!S APPEAR AS MOIUZONTAL.

PARALLEL T O THE ONE ILLUSTIWED MOVE. EDGES IN TllE rXOMT AND SIDE VIEWS AND
TIIUE YliZE IN TllE 'TOP VIEW. PIANEY INCLIEIEU TO EXTI~ERTHE FROMTAL, HORIZONTAL
FRONTAI. PMES APPCAR A8 HOIIIZONTAI. OR PROFILE PIANEB ARE N M PRINCIPAL PLANES AND
t D O E 8 IN TlIE TOP V I W . VERllCAI. EDGES AQPEAR WRESJ.IORTENED OR A8 ED- IN THE PRINCiPAL
IN THE SIDE VIEW AND TRUE SIZE IN THE VIEWS.
FRONT t l m .
COMPLETE THE GIVEN VIEWS. INDICATE HOW MANX
1. R lGER COMPIETE THE GNEN VIEWS, INDICATE IIOW M N X 2 , 01 E B L O C K AINCII'AL PLANES THE OBlECT CONTAINS.
PRINCIPAL PLANES THE OBJECT CONTAINS.

HORIZONTAL P L A N E S H O R I Z O N T A L PLANES --
FRONTAL P L A N E S

PROFILE PLANES

3. CENTERING PIECE
'
4. SLOT GUIDE
C O M P U T E TljE TAEUS IN .PROBLEMS 3 d I WITH
rrrE WORDS (A) TRUE SIZE, (13) EWE, oa
{C) CORCHHORTENEU TO UESCRIUE TtfE YIJ\NES
Or THE 1 W O PAR'PS.

.......
 Draw L11e 1oIlowi11~~views ~ I II I I ~ I ( I - ~ I I l)roj(!(:liotl:
I~~I~?
(:I) ;I 110111
view
(I)) a side view
(c) a lop view

NAME
OIITI-IOGRAPII IC DItAW I N G
-SECTION
- DATE
J
 Driiw Ihe followir~yviews in third-angle ~~rojeclion:
(a) a lroril view .
(1)) a side view
'

(c) a lop view

BAME -
- GRADE
ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWING
SECTION
- DATE
-
-
18
 Draw the following views in third-angle projec!ion:
(a) a front view
(b) a side view '
(c) a top view

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NAME
- GRADE
I
I ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWING -
L ?3E C T' I 0N
- DATE
-.
- 18
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 VI W
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FILE:- SEC:= DATE: -- P
 L O C A T E A N D DRAW T H E M I S S I N G L I N E S T O C O M P L E T E A L L
, O F T H E V I E W S I N T H E P R 0 8 L E M S B E L O W . DRAW W I T H YOUR
' INSTRUMENTS THE SOLUTIONS.

.
" '6
.

t
i
t-.-+

-N A M E -GRADE
-
ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWING
-SECTION DATE
- 22
L 7
F I L E : SEC:=
 -
I I
-Q R A E 1
AME -
ORTHO. DRAWING - 25
I 1
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-
-
-
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SEC TlONS
-
- BASIC PRlbJClPLES

.yg-Q vlslau: urn*

BClnND 1115 CUTllNO
P U H E ARC SIIOWN 1W
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SLCYION.

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A cr 1.11 ttlr, rlcTuRt ($1 AN OIICCT. SCCIIQNN VILWJ 1Ulo'ld.
- . PlJWt IS INDICATED IN
?-.l l-t CUTllNU PORTION CUT F1 THC IMAGINARY CUTTINO PLMt
l)t L'SI.11 1 0 Ihll'A0':l C W l l h ! MID TO RNCAL
:.fI.Y MtWS WJlLnE 11 A P P C P ~M .W E W E BY IllC 18 SECTION UNlD W l l H ININ ( I N PCNCIIJ UNLS.
I:.TCRSMr t z v p L s ::OT SLCN III A REOVLARVIFU. IILA\'Y UNL SllOWN I\BVJL. THt PORl'ION 01. THI HlDDtN UNCS ME OkrlnCD IN IECtlONN V l W
OlllECr IN r R O N T Or THE CUTISNO PLANE I8 ., VNUIS ABSOLUTELY NCCIIMY 70 Dt6CNBI
RCMOVCO N SJIOWN PBO?'E. THE PART.

P R O B L t h \ : C O h l P l E T E THE FULL S E C I I O N B E L O W .

FULL, SECTION
 --
:'
. LS SECTIONS

NU U8ED TO $lbOW INTFJURIOR AND m a P W B ARX UVBVULY O m W 1N TIPS

IN RIE SAME VWW. THE CIETIWNG PUt4E EkTEND8 HAWWAY THROUGH EBCTlONtD VlBW8. TEE PUIr TB*r MAE B&2l
THli OmECl AND IlEMOVEB A C)VARTtR PROM IT. CUT F1 TSE C W Q DIANE LB BEGTION
UNED AB 8HOWW ABO!E.

-.-
'.COLLAR COMPLETE THE H A L F S E C T I O N , 2. COLUMN BASE COMPLETE THE H A L F S E C T I O N

I \ i 1
THROUGH THROUGH- 2 HOLES A

I
HALF SECTION
3. SOCKET COMPLETE THE H A L F S E C T I O N . 4- PULLEY COMPLETE BOTH VIEWS.

HALF VIEWS MAY BE

USLD FOR 4YMhETRICAL
VIEWS TO CONSERM
SPACE. f

HALF SECTION
HALF SECTION
-.
!~~~RLA:FTXNG~- NAME
~%@I"VN:DAMIDNTALB
' FILE NO: SEC I DATE- I
.-I':O?d'JENTIONAL
.--..-- VIOLAT IONS
A.POOR V I E W 8. PREFERRED D. POOR t.PREF P. PRCF.

- ,

- -

U
5
., WZaS MID SPOti&S OFTEN GIVE THE WRONG IMPRESSION WHEN URAWV ACCORDING SYMMETRICALLY SPACED HOLE8 ALSO MAY BE MISLEADING WHEN
'9f l i t STHlCT RULES Or ORTHOGRAPHIC PROIECTION AS SHOWN M V C . TNlS :iW ISHOWN I N TRUE PROJECTION Ab' SHOWN AT C. NOnCE THAT
DriES NOT GIVE THE IMPRESSION THAT THE OBJECT IS SYMMETRICAL. THERtFGitC THC !THERE APPEARS TO BE A HOLE THROUGH THE CENTER OF THE
3105 SHOULD OE DRAWN IN A REVOLVED POSITION AS SHOWN AT 8 . THC SAIUE RULE bPUTE AND THAT THE OTHER HOLE6 ARE C W E R TO THE CENTER.
1.5 APPLIED TO SLCTIONS AS AT C, BUT THE RIBS ARE NOT SECTLON).wen. A smm VIEW IS SHOWN AT 6 WITH THE ~ 0 1 . ~RCVOLVED
8
TO SHOW THEIR TRUE DIBTANCE PROM THE CENTER. THE SAME
PRINCIPLES APPLY TO'SECTIONS A8 SHOWN AT F.

I. SPACER C O M P L E T E THE F R O N T V I E W 2. PULLEY COMPLETE THE FRONT VIEW.

REVOLVED
SECTION

.i. PLATE C O M P L E T E THE S I D E V I E W . 4 . YOKE C O M P L E T E THE F R O N T V I E W .

--...?
:~~%-AFTx3 ~ ~ 3 . NAME
:GT.~NDICS~MEJNTAJL~ FILE b40- SEC : DATE: 28
-S E C T I O N I N G WEBS & R I B S
+-I
ALTERNATE SECTlONl NG

-RIBS
- OR WCBS ARE NOT SECTION LlNLD
WHCN TllE CU'TTING P U W C PASSES
THAOUGII 'IIICM rmrwIsc N S H O W ~ J
AT TllC LETT. NOTE THAT THE VIEW AT USUAL
A IS MISLEADING WIiEN THC RIDS WC
A . SECTION 0-8 POOR SECTIONED. TllC PREPERRED METHOU
I S S t 1 0 W N AT D WHCRC THE TPUC RE- wNWC SCCTIONS M#l BC USED M EMPHWIZC THC PRESLNC.C C'i
lAT10NStIII' OF THC RIB MAY RC BEEN. A WCB THAT MIGHT OTHOIWISC BE OVCRLOXOD. AtTHOUCH WT8S
tIOWWCR, IT THE CUTTING PLANC C:IJTI NIE USUALLY NOT SECTlONED. I t I S BCITER I N THIS CASE T O CXTeplD
TllROlJGH TllC THIN SCCTION O T Ti!.? NCRY (ITkICR SECTION U N C THROUGH THE RIBS SO IT WILL Dl: 0:'-
RID. IT MAY OL SECTION U N E D AS VlOUS T H N THC WEB DOCS MIST. NOTE: LITHUI M t l H O V IS ACCCF-
SIiOWN nT SLCl'ION A-A. TABLC, BUT THE ALTUINATL SECTION I S PRCTUIRCD IN T l n S 0 3 1 . .
8 . SCClIOt4 0 - d PnEFERREO

1. SUPPORT BOX C O M P L L r E THE H A L F S E C T I O N . 2 . PULLEY C O M P L E T E 8011.1 H A L V E S O F THE

FULL SECTION.

FULL SECTION

HALF SECTI.ON
l l U- 0 C O M P L E T E THE S E C T I O N S I N D I C A T E D . 4 . YOKE COMPLETE T H E SECTION.

I l l
I

SECT ION A-A

SECTION 8-8
-. .,-
DRAFTING NAME
F'uNDAMENTAZ~ FILE NO: SEC DATE
 -
CONVENTIONAL BREAKS-

RLCTAh'G':;UI --
MMAL
BREAKS ;:.'(E SllO\VN AJ
T t l t LC71'.

U -- - -
RLC:;X:GVIAI; WOOD
0REiU;S Gk'C A SPLINTi.YLD
APPCAJll.::Cr..

A IIROKTN-OUT SECTION IS A x 5 I I O K E N - O U T GECTION

.
oGLU1: SlfClW A BROKES-OUT
...,- 1., . a ~or T I I K SLEEVE THAT C O t N E N T I O N N METHOD O r W@!!cD APPEAR AS S H O W N
' I O i l i D SHOW THC 1t;IERIfJR SHCWINC lNTERNAL FEATURES ASC!v', WHEN COMPLETED.
i;:t. LXTtRIOR PARTS. WITH A MINIMUM O f D W T I X G TUBULM (HOLLOW)
TIMC. BP.tAKS ARE SHO\VN TO
l S O l C h T E T H l S CHAQ-
ACTIXISTIC,

I. S t E E V l CONVERT THE FRONT V I E W I N T O

A BROKEN OUT SECTION.

ri. 3REAV;S SHOW CONVENTIONAL BREAKS AS 4. E)REAKS A S E C T I O N I S B R O K E N O U T O F THE h l l D D L E

INDICATED IELOW. O F THE S H A F T S TO C O N S E R V E S P A C E A N D
D R A W I N G T I M E . DRAW CONVENTIONAL BREAKS
TO I N D I C A T E T H l S R E M O V E D P O R T I O N .

------
I---
-- A.CYLINDER BRONZE

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STEEL C'ILI N DER

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I IdI
--.-

t3. RECTANGUL-AR BEAM - WOOD

,

1
--.-. - . - -...-.. .-..-. - -..

32
-I

J
-----

1
I .- . ..-. ..-----..- -- .- -. ------ -
i . .

'.

C . I . PIPE
I- -3 2
--
- .--
"

,.-,;!F%A~EPT~~:&G
~PYTN:DDAMENTALS
j--30 NAME: -
FILE i\iC SEC: DATE:
.------.-..-.-.-.---.-
 DIMENSIONS MUST DEFINE PRECISELY THE SHAPE OF THE OWECT AND MUST BE
--DIMENSION PLAC6MEN T
PLACED SO AS NOT TO DETRAFT FROM THE VIEWS OF THE OWECT.

RULES: I. EACH FEATURE OF THE OWECT MUST BE DEFINED BY ONE AND

ONLY ONE DIMENSION.
... :...i
. /'"""'""
. ' . ' . . .

2. DIMENSION LINES ARE NORMALLY PLACED OUTSIDE OF THE

OUTLINE OF THE OWECT AND POSITIONED SO AS TO MAINTAIN
A MINIMUM OF 318" OPEN SPACE AROUND THE OWECT.
3. EXTENSION LINES START 1132" FROM THE FEATURES OF THE
OBJECT AND END 118" PAST THE LAST DIMENSION LINE.
4. SHORTER DIMENSIONS ARE PLACED INSIDE LONGER ONES. DIM-
ENSION LINES MAY NOT BE CROSSED. EXTENSION LINES MAY
CROSS EXTENSION AND OBJECT LINES.
6. OVERALL DIMENSIONS ARE NORMALLY DESIRABLE.
6. ARROWHEADS ARE LONG AND NARROW 13 T O I RATIO).

REOUIRED: DIMENSION THE FIVE SHAPES SHOWN WHICH WILL BE CUT FROM
SHEET METAL OF A CERTAIN SPECIFIED THICKNESS. MEASURE THE
I
' .
. SHAPES TO OBTAIN DIMENSIONS. OMIT INCH MARKS EXCEPT FOR I". 3+ GAP
MAKE A L L NUMBERS READ FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE SHEET.
EXTENSION ..
LINE

1 EX TENS/ ON
8

TITLE
- DATE SCALE SECTION
DlMENSlONlNG FULL SIZE
DRAWN BY DWG NO

-
 . . . .
AR ' ." '.'
. . .
. :. . . .
. .
..
. . -. m DIMEN~~ONED wnw A "iva
. - Kl StlOWN U C. WHEN .NOT A r U U
CRCIX, WMCNS1ON SMAU. ARC). M IT
TI(~Y WERE rlLU3S AND ROUNDS.
B ":

...
Or DIMEN8IONlNC EACH SCPARAZPLY.
. . .. . .
. .
.. 4-* .

D I M E N S I O N T H E ' O . E ~ € C T S BELOW. SCALE: , F U L L S I Z E .

1.
2. LOCK

5, g-iAFT: KEY 4 . JOURNAL B E A R I N S

r NAME

>
FILE No: sEc DATE: 32,
OIMENSIONING- N O T E S FOR HOLES

l4
D R I L L , 8d CSK, -4 D R I LL, 3 CBORE, Li D R I L L . iSPOT-
DEEP $ DEEP FACE, 6 DEEP

CYLISDRICAL H O U S ME USUN.1.Y D I N i H S I O N C D BY NOTES

SPPCUYlNC l i f t PIA(:HINL OPLRAIION WITH A L W C R IN
T I I L CIRCULAR vLrN.
xm THC LlSK AB:'r\.'E NCCDS NO OVC".'EPL DIMEXSIC?!
SINCL THL OBICCT IIAS CIRCUIAR LNDS.
FOUNTCRBlFlX Gymw?.u JPOTThCI
DlfrlCNSlON T I l E O B J E C T S B E L O W . THE NUILB UWE ART: RPICAL or THE ~.'OPJ COMMON RPCB or MACMNCD noun. UMUII
POINT TOWARD THE CFNTLRB OF IIOUB. ILADCRII NU M U W N IN rHZ C I R C U W VIEWE.
SCALE: FULL S I Z E .
I. C
-..-L A M P 2. P 3 L L E Y

3. L E V E R L I N K, 4. D R I L L F I X T U R E

I I I
I l l
1 ' 1
I I I
-
NAME
FILE NO: SEC 1 DATE: 33 I
 In pdlema 1 and 2 draw tha d d n g projediofi of tho line YZ. In each problem, tho line lica in the plane,

4
Y
1

A X

c!
H W
H ..-..-..-..-..-.-----

:/ac xby
-..-..-..-.--..-..-..-..aa.-..-..-.

Y A W

Draw the AS projections fitpoifits P & Q both of which Lie in the plane below.

r
Line in NAME :

plane -: sEc: DATE :

34
v
 /,y,u
IOISTANCE UEIWEEN TWO POINTS I N SPACE)

TL:' .--.- 2.h

"( 7Tr
A .\,
, 1'

'A'
! - -
I-.
' k, 1

1 U E T L R t A l t i E i t i E i R U E LEi<GTHS OF E A C H LINE
t 1 THE l 9 l M U l . l *NO C Y A P I i I L A L M E l i l O D I .
SCALE: / - 2.0'
ME7'RIC / : 3 0
GRAPH1 CPI. LENCIIHS:

SCALE.' /=,3.0' SCALE: / -50.0'

R4L-TRIC / : 4 0 M E T R / C /: 600
5 -d

G H A P I I I CAL
LENGIHS
measure, and label the true length and slope of hip rafter BC.
Show in plan and front elevation a point D on the hip rafter 3
ft-0 in. from C. Scale: 114 in. =1 ft - 0 in.
 '1 D R A W THE VIEW THAT S H O W S THE TRUE ANGLE
B E T W T f N P L A N E S 1-2-3 A N D 1-2-4.

ANGLE = :

ANGLE =I
2 D R A W THE V I E W THAT SHOWS THE T R I ' t
A N c u e . u w u N PLANE~:,ABC AND B c P .

3 I N ORDER T O B U J L D A ' D I F F U S E ~ s, f c y ; ~ . ~
s I M I u R T o T H E oN.E,.I,N mt ~ H - ~ ~ o G R A P ~ ,
THE DlHEDRAL A N G L E " M u S 1 ~ E ' K ~ ~ w N .
U S E A 8 A S THE L I N E O F ' . l N T E R S E C T I O N lh'
F .IP QUESTION, -,$

..
",>.
.
M . .3 . '

rr m;: ,=j
!pc: .

!'

..
ANGLE= 1 I . .:....a

. . ..... ...
m.
pLiN'gs
A~CKE'I'
D!H€DRA~ INAME:
'

I FILE: SEC DATE:

-... . .-..... .
.. - - . . .~ -- . ..
--- . ......~ .,
~

, ~

~
I-:
P R O B L E M S 1 & 2: F I N D THE P I E R C I N G P O I N l S
B Y THC C U T T I N C - P L A N C M E T H O D A N D SHOW T H E
V I S I B I L I T Y I N ALL V I E W S .

P R O G L E M 3: F I N D THE P I E R C I N G P O I N ! B Y THE
A U X I L I A R Y - V I E W METHOD A N D SHOW V I S I B I L I T Y

P R O B L E M 4: D R A W A INCA L I N E F R O M , P O I N T
O Olu T f i C P L A N E T H A T I S P E R P E N D I C U L A R 1 0
T;.E PLANC I N BOTH V I E W S . SHOW V I S I B I L I T Y .

-- ,...... .. , ... '... .., . .-.. ..;..

. ..................
.. .. . . . . . . . .
PIERCING POINT OF NAM E .:I
FILE.
. 4.
SEC
......... ......
...-.-i J
1'
....
.-.... .-:
...........

!..DATE
. . .1.-..-.-..
. -.- 4....-, ..:

:
- -.
. . .
?IN; 42
LINE AND PLANE '
L . .
Determine the l i n e of htersection using the
auxtllary view method. Show visibility fn a l l
 I

In both problems, construct a plane in the horizontal and frontal views that contains
A R and is yarallcl lo CD,Check by drawing an edge view of the planc and the corres-
ponding view of CD.
 DRAW AND MEASURE T H E TRUE L E N G T H OF T H E SHORTEST L I N E
FROM P O I N T 0 TO THE P L A N E A - 8 - C F O R PROBLEHS 1 AN0 2 .
ORAN THE L I N E I N A L L OF T H E V I E U S . HETRIC SCALE: 1 : 2 2
PROB. 1 - TL= --
-
PROB. 2 - TL= --

T H E P L A N E FORMED BY T H E P O I N T S 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 I S THE 'BASE OF A R I G H T P Y R A M I D W I T H VERTEX Y A T AN

8 A L T I T U D E or 1.5. A e o v E T H E A T rrs H 1 D P o I I r . DRAW T H E w R A * I D i n A r l vrcws s H o w r n e mr
CORRECT Y I S I B I L I T I . ANSUER T H E Q U E S T I O N S L I S T E D BELOW. S C A L E : 1". 1"

V = ABH A B = A R E A OF T H E B A S E

1. I S THE BASE RECTANGULAR?

-
2 . WHAT I S I T S A R E A ? -
l+ h 3 . WHAT I S T H E VOLUME OF T H E P Y R A M I D ? -
r .-.-
!NAME
PERPENDICULARS
DATE
L ~ECTION
 . Gx'tstruct a 1ine::through P that is perpendicular to ,

pdne A:B-C and intenens it at point 0.: A '

,The 20-mm-square base of a right pyramid lies in

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO PLANE -

..-.--......--..--- -.- , .-, - .
-- . . .--. -
0 ATE: -..- -.---.-
 -
n -
- _ --.~WCIL-------WCILWCIL.. .. n-r-r.. ~ u - ~ ) . W C I L * -

1
- - - - . - . , .V. - U
-- .

to a plane if iis ti-view is perpendicaiar to !he H-view f Using :he two given views only, canslruc! the H and F v i ~ v sof a righl
plane, and its F-view is perpendicular to the pyramid, the base of which is a parallelogram ABCD, and whose axis
F-view of a frontal line of the plane. Using the two given views only, is 2T1'I long. The axis extends upward, back, and lo the right.
construct a perpendicular from point X to plane ABC. . Show correct visibility of edges i
Determine the exact point of intersection, and determine correct
visibility of the line and the plane

I J
P
OI)
i 1
''1 F I N D THE S H O l t T L S T D l S T A N C E FROM P O I N T 3 TO
L l N E 1 - 2 B Y THL L l N L METHOD. SHOW I N A L L
VIEWS.

2
FULL S/ZE

2 F I N O THE SHORTEST D I S T A N C E F R O M P O I N T C
TP L I N E A B AND SHOW I1 I N A L L Y I L W S .

I N THE R O U T I N G O F B U S B A R S THROUGH POWER

S U B S T A T I O N S . I T I S N E C E S S A R Y TO M A I N T A I N

AND THE S U P P O R T I N G STRUCTURES. H O W FAR

CAN THE V E R T I C A L POST CENTER L l N E PO BE
EXTENDED AND S T I L L M A I N T A I N . A CLEARANCE
O F 1.5' OR 0.46 m? SHOW EXTENSION O F PO-
I N ALL VIEWS.

PO M A Y BE EXTENDED -

. .
JTC
MIN.
- -eiometry. fo r
.' Eng.ilr6e-s
NAME:
FILE: SEC: DATE i
5IA
 b,,IC!JIRED: CONSTRUCT AN , ST€P b BEGIN THE lSOMETRlC STEP 2: THE NOTCH I S RE- SlEP 2. DARKEN TllE FINISIIED
:SCMilRIC DRAWING OF THE BY BLOCKING I N THE OBJECT MOVED BY MEASURING W 1 ISOh\fTRIC DRAWING 10 COh\-
;?JIECI ABOVI. USING OVERALL DIMENSIONS AND D l ALONG THE ISOMETRIC PLETE THE PICTORLAC.
OF W. D k H. AXES.
:.';QuIR~D: U S I N G Y O U R D I V ~ D E R S A N D D O U B L I N G THE
D I M E N S I O N S O F THE O R T H O G R A P H I C V I E W S . C O N S T R U C T '
; S O M E l R I . C S O F THE O B J E C T S I N THE S P A C E S P R O V I D E D .
. .

r-
L
-
NAME
FILE: SEC DATE :
MIN. .
-
'52
 . . . . . . . . . .. .

. . . .

' . ..

PROBUM: blAlCT AN ISOMCTRIC

UCHT C O N S I R U q l O N U N I S . PROM WMCH TilE PLAN& WILL BLOPE,, - A8 SIIOWN. STRCFTHCN, UNCS.
ouwrno or T I ~ EO B F C ~ UWE. ., . . . . . . .

~IXCC'I~OSS: DRAW IEOhltTRJCS OF THE OBJECTS BELOW. USE bMDERS WD DOUBLE . ,,

. . . . .
AU ~LMENPONS.

I.SIDE BLOCK . . .. :2. ANGLE'BRACE

- . .
. .
, .
. . .. . ..
. . .
. . NAME. . .. . .
- -SECT!ON' . .
. GRAOE . .. .
 DRAW C A V A L I E R AND C A B I N E T O B L I Q U E P I C T O R I A L S
O F E A C H PROBLEM U S I N G I N S T R U M E N T S .
D O U B L E T H E D I M E N S I O N S OF E A C H PROBLEM U S I N G
THE D I V I D E R S .

FRONT

CAVALIER A CAB1 NET A

A A
FRONT

CAVALIER
A A
CABINET
t - - 9

NAME

e
OBLIQUE DRAWING
SECTION OATE r54
,. ..
i 'ii D R A W '[HE V l E W T H A T S H O W S T H E T R U E A N G L E A N G L E BET. L I N E S
B f T W f f . N L I N E S 1-2 A N D 2-3.

'THE ANGLE /S ::

2 I N THE C O N S T R U C T I O N OF P I P E L I N E S I T I S
N E C E S S A R Y T O D E T E R M I N E T H E T R U E ANGLES OF
B E N D S I N P I P E S . C O N S T R U C T A BEND OF 3 ' 11 ml
R A I I I U S I N T H E V l E W T H A T S H O W S T H I S ANGLE.

SCALE: /= 4'
1 :50

--
~ O ZN.AME~~ MIN. .
55
'

3~1.xgineers Q FILE: SEC DATE: 1.

 ANGLE: ANGLE BETWEEN L I N E & PLANE^
1 F I N D T H E ANGLE BETWEEN THE L I N E AND THE
P L A N E BY THE P L A N E METHOD. SHOW V I S I -
B I L I T Y I N ALL V I E W S .

2
AN ASTRONAUT'S L l N E OF
S I C H I I S ALONG L l N E D C
W H I C H INTERSECTS THE
T R I A N C U L A R W I N D O W OF
A SP.ACECRAFT.
D E T E R M I N E THE ANCLE B E -
TWEEN. THE L l N E A N D P L A N E
B Y THE P L A N E METHOD. P R O -
JECT F R O M THE T O P V I E W .
SHOW V I S l B l L I T Y I N A L L
VIEWS.

- N
F

N=
-born-f ry*0? NAME: MIN.

mnsineers
,
Q FILE: sEc : DATE 1
56.
r
F I N D THE SHORTEST D I S T A N C E S K E W E D LINES'
BETWEEN T H E TWO L I N E S B Y
THC L I N E METHOD. SHOW THE
L l N E I N A L L VIEWS.

SCALE: / = 5'

SHC'RTEST DIST - - H
F
2
POWER L I N E S T H A T C A R R Y H I G H VOLTAGES
M U S T B E SEPARATED B Y A SUFFICIENT
D I S T A N C E T O P R E V E N T I N D U C T I O N DUE T O
I N T E R F E l f L N G M A G N E T I C FIELDS. '

D E T E R M \ N E THE S H O R T E S T D l STANCE BETWEEN

5
POWER L I N E S 5-6 A N D 7-8 B Y THE L l N E METHOD.
B E G I N B Y F I N D I N G L l N E 5-6 TRUE LENGTH B Y
P R O J E C T I N G F R O M THE T O P V I E W . SHOW THE
SHORTEST D I S T A N C E I N A L L VIEWS.

[E n , g l n e e m e I FILE: SEC DATE 1 1 1

 REVOLUTION^
COMPLETE THE F R O N T VIEW O F
rnr c o H r c o N T * I N I N c *B. 2 F I N D THE TRUE LENGTH OF L l H L CD I N
T H I FRONT VIEW BY R E V O L V I N G POINT
D ABOUT AN A X I S TUROUCH POINT C.
F I N D THE TRUE LENGTH OF LINE LG I N
THE T O P V I E W B Y R E V O L V I N G P O I N T C
ABOUT A N * X I S THROUOH P O I N T I.

4 F I N D THE TRUE S I Z E OF PLAN[ 1-zL3 B Y ~ V O L U ~ I O ~ ~ .

H I N T : F I N D EDGE VIEW OF PLANE B Y A L X I L I A R Y O f f 5 s t z c v l f w or
B Y D O U B L l R L V O L U T I O N , F I N D THE TRUE
P u N t Abc rnr T o r
THC TOP VIEW.THEN ROTATE. VIEW. R t V O L V E THE T O P V l E W F I R S T .

MIN.
NAME:
'1
DATE :
r- FINO 1HE ANGLES BETWEEN THE tNTERSfCTING PLANES
I N PROBLEMS 1, 2. L 3 B Y REVOLUTION. P A S S THC PLANE
TO BE REVOLVED TWROUGH POINT A I N EACH PROBLEM.'

2 /
1

H ANGLE = --

4 AN ENGINE MOUNT FOR A HELlCOPlER I S

SHOWN BCLOW. I N O I I T H A I SOME MEMBERS
HAVE BEEN OMITTED AND THE JOINTS H A V E
BEEN S I M P L l F i E O FOR C L A R l l Y J

A. F I N D THE ANCLE BETWEEN

PLANES 1-2-4 AND 1 - 2 - 3
B Y REVOLUTION. PROJtCT
AN A U X I L I A R Y VlEW FROM
THE TOP VIEW.

B. F I R D THE ANCLE BtZWEEN

PCCsIJfS 1 - 1 - 5 AFiD 1 - 5 - 4 .
P A S S THE PLANE TO BE
RE\'OLVED THROUGH POINT
I. AND F I N D THE TRUE
ANCLE 'IN I H E FRONT V I E W .

HALF VIEW . .

MIN.
fO= NAME
mn.mineers 0 FILE' SEC : DATE . 59
 ROTATE PDIDJf 0 ABOUT LINE
r' 1'
LOTATE P O I N T 0 ABOUT L I N E
L-2 I N T O I T S HIGHEST P O S I -
TION. . SHOW P O I N T 0 I N A L L
2 3-4 I N T O I T S M o r t FORWARD
POSITIO!J. SHOW P O I N T 0
VIEWS. I N ALL VIEWS.

3
THE SPACE CAPSULE I S EQUIPPED
WITH A CAMERA ( P O I N ' I P I THAT
MUST f r t R O T A T E D IROLL.EDI A ~ O U T
7HE AX1 S OF THE CAPSULE ( L I N E
5-61 t e ~ITS lowrsr POSITION IN
ORDER TO P t l O l O G R A P H THE LUNAR
SURFAI:E.
ROTATE 1 H I S . P O I N T TO I T S LOWEST
P O S I T I O N AND SHOW THC P O I N T I N
ALL VIEWS.
WHAT I S THC ANGLE OF ROTATION
REQUlllED FOR T H I S MANUEVER?

-
-eome*r;y NAME:
:
MIN.
i1
--
'1E:nggineers a FILE: SEC: - DATE
_I'