This document provides a summary of key parasites and the stages of their life cycles. It discusses the infective stages, eggs, larvae, and adult forms of parasites like Ascaris, Trichuris, Capillaria, hookworms, Enterobius, tapeworms, Schistosoma, Paragonimus, malaria parasites, Entamoeba, Giardia, and Trypanosomes. Diagrams are included to illustrate parasite eggs, larvae, adults, and the hosts and vectors involved in their transmission. The summary highlights morphological features used to identify and differentiate between parasite species.
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This document provides a summary of key parasites and the stages of their life cycles. It discusses the infective stages, eggs, larvae, and adult forms of parasites like Ascaris, Trichuris, Capillaria, hookworms, Enterobius, tapeworms, Schistosoma, Paragonimus, malaria parasites, Entamoeba, Giardia, and Trypanosomes. Diagrams are included to illustrate parasite eggs, larvae, adults, and the hosts and vectors involved in their transmission. The summary highlights morphological features used to identify and differentiate between parasite species.
This document provides a summary of key parasites and the stages of their life cycles. It discusses the infective stages, eggs, larvae, and adult forms of parasites like Ascaris, Trichuris, Capillaria, hookworms, Enterobius, tapeworms, Schistosoma, Paragonimus, malaria parasites, Entamoeba, Giardia, and Trypanosomes. Diagrams are included to illustrate parasite eggs, larvae, adults, and the hosts and vectors involved in their transmission. The summary highlights morphological features used to identify and differentiate between parasite species.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
This document provides a summary of key parasites and the stages of their life cycles. It discusses the infective stages, eggs, larvae, and adult forms of parasites like Ascaris, Trichuris, Capillaria, hookworms, Enterobius, tapeworms, Schistosoma, Paragonimus, malaria parasites, Entamoeba, Giardia, and Trypanosomes. Diagrams are included to illustrate parasite eggs, larvae, adults, and the hosts and vectors involved in their transmission. The summary highlights morphological features used to identify and differentiate between parasite species.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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Parasitology Reviewer
Monica Kristine Reyes
ASCARIS Unfertilized vs. fertilized egg (eggs are the non- infective stages) Infective stage: embryonated
Unfertilized egg Fertilized eggs Adult Trichuris • Male has COILED posterior end • Habitat: found in colon; mainly in cecum Trichuris egg • Prominent BIPOLAR plugs Capillaria egg • With FLAT bipolar plugs (similar to Trichuris na bipolar pero mas flat) • STRIATED capsule BUCCAL CAPSULE: hookworms Acylostoma duodenale Necator Americanus Hookworm egg Enterobius egg Microfilaria Ancylostoma duodenale • 2 pairs of teeth
Mukhang tiger! RAAAAAAR! =)
Necator Americanus
Looks like penis to me. Haha!
Hookworm egg • Thin egg shell • Germ cells happen to be in clusters • Morula stage: egg cells start to divide
Parang plastic balloon
yung casing di ba? =) Enterobius eggs • Deposited at perianal space • Coating: for attachment (primary manifestation is PRURITUS…kaya nagkakamot ng pwet ang pasyente; usually paggabi) • Egg shell is FLAT on ONE side (Trichuris: bipolar, nakabulge…Capillaria: bipolar din pero medyo flat…ang Enterobius, parang napipi ang isang side) • Larva in external structures • Very easy transmission due to larva in egg (matures in 4-6 hours) • Can be acquired through inhalation Enterobius eggs
Fertilized enterobius egg
Enterobius eggs in colon
Microfilaria • Criculates in blood • Periodicity; NIGHT time (collect blood sample 8pm-2am) • ICT: immunochromatography test (can detect it even during daytime) :card test; antigen detection test Microfilaria (Wuchureria bancrofti) microfilaria Cephalic phase: generally short
Cephalic space: generally short
Somatic cells: discrete and body nuclei separate Microfilaria • Brugia Malayi
saginata…may cyst deposition kasi sa CNS ang solium Taenia eggs • Cannot differentiate from each other (solium and saginata) Adult Schistosoma Japonicum • Canal (GYNECOPHORAL): used by male to carry female during copula (how sweet!) • Parang Filipino men: sweet pero polygamous! Schistosoma eggs • No operculum but with miracidium • Not mature when passed out by female • Matures in tissues
eggs are usually round and have a
small spine or no spine. (lateral knob) Oncomelania Hupensis Quadrasi • Intermediate host of local S. japonicum Immature Paragonimus Westermani • Very WIDE OPERCULUM • Germ cells: immature; no miracidia • Abopercular thickening Adult Paragonimus eggs • Localized in lungs; “lung fluke” • Mistaken for TB • Main manifestation- hemoptysis Sundathelphusa Philippina • Intermediate host: Paragonimiasis • 1st pair of arm: one is smaller (R<L) Echinostoma: intestinal flukes • Kuhol: can carry metacercaria of Echinostoma (intestinal fluke) Entamoeba Histolytica cyst • Chromatoidal bar: rounded ends (cigar- shaped) :product of excess food Entamoeba Trophozoite • Long and fingerlike pseudopodium • Invasive psuedopodium: can carry RBC • Certally located nucleus and nucleolus Entamoeba coli cyst • 1-8 nucleated cyst • Off-centered, eccentric nucleus • Chromatoidall bar; jagged ends; “needle sticks” Giardia lamblia • Smiling face; binucleated Trypanosomes • What OFWs bring home: Leishmania and Trypanosomes malaria P. falciparum • Malignant malaria • Ring stages: 1/5 of infected cell • Inbetween rings and germ cells/ gametocytes • Mature every 36-40 hours • Schizonts: smooth muscle organ vasculature • Peripheral smear: if these appear, emergency case na! P. vivax • Tendency: young RBCs • Pigments: Sheffner’s dots (degradative products) • Mature Schizonts: 12-24 merozoites • Merozoites: released when matured; invade other RBCs • Mature every 48 hours (asexual phase) P. malariae • BAND formation • “belt” trophozoite • Normal sized RBCs • Mature every 72 hours (asexual phase) • Produces FEWEST merozoites • Flower: rosette formation (Schizonts)
