A Simple Echo Server

Java Networking -- Socket

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
Server socket class: ServerSocket
public class EchoServer {
wait for requests from clients. public static void main(String[] args) {
after a request is received, a client socket is generated. try {
Client socket class: Socket ServerSocket s = new ServerSocket(8008);
while (true) {
an endpoint for communication between two apps/applets. Socket incoming = s.accept();
obtained by BufferedReader in
contacting a server = new BufferedReader(
generated by the server socket new InputStreamReader(
incoming.getInputStream()));
Communication is handled by input/output streams. PrintWriter out
Socket provides an input and an output stream. = new PrintWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(
incoming.getOutputStream()));

A Simple Echo Server (cont'd)

out.println("Hello! ....");
out.println("Enter BYE to exit.");
Test the EchoServer with Telnet
out.flush();
while (true) {
String str = in.readLine(); Use telnet as a client.
if (str == null) {
break; // client closed connection venus% telnet saturn 8008
} else { Trying 140.192.34.63 ...
out.println("Echo: " + str); Connected to saturn.
out.flush(); Escape character is '^]'.
if (str.trim().equals("BYE")) Hello! This is the Java EchoServer.
break; Enter BYE to exit.
} Hi, this is from venus
} Echo: Hi, this is from venus
incoming.close(); BYE
} Echo: BYE
} catch (Exception e) {} Connection closed by foreign host.
}
}
 A Simple Client (cont'd)
A Simple Client (class EchoClient continued.)

BufferedReader in
import java.io.*;
= new BufferedReader(
import java.net.*;
new InputStreamReader(
socket.getInputStream()));
public class EchoClient {
PrintWriter out
= new PrintWriter(
public static void main(String[] args) {
new OutputStreamWriter(
try {
socket.getOutputStream()));
String host;
// send data to the server
if (args.length > 0) {
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
host = args[0];
System.out.println("Sending: line " + i);
} else {
out.println("line " + i);
host = "localhost";
out.flush();
}
}
Socket socket = new Socket(host, 8008);
out.println("BYE");
out.flush();

Multi-Threaded Echo Server

A Simple Client (cont'd) To handle multiple requests simultaneously.
In the main() method, spawn a thread for each
(class EchoClient continued.) request.
// receive data from the server public class MultiEchoServer {
while (true) {
String str = in.readLine(); public static void main(String[] args) {
if (str == null) { try {
break; ServerSocket s = new ServerSocket(8009);
} else { while (true) {
System.out.println(str); Socket incoming = s.accept();
} new ClientHandler(incoming).start();
} }
} catch (Exception e) {} } catch (Exception e) {}
} }
}
}
 Client Handler Client Handler (cont'd)
public class ClientHandler extends Thread { out.println("Hello! ...");
out.println("Enter BYE to exit.");
protected Socket incoming; out.flush();
while (true) {
public ClientHandler(Socket incoming) { String str = in.readLine();
this.incoming = incoming; if (str == null) {
} break;
public void run() { } else {
try { out.println("Echo: " + str);
BufferedReader in out.flush();
= new BufferedReader( if (str.trim().equals("BYE"))
new InputStreamReader( break;
incoming.getInputStream())); }
PrintWriter out }
= new PrintWriter( incoming.close();
new OutputStreamWriter( } catch (Exception e) {}
incoming.getOutputStream())); }
}

Visitor Counter Visitor Counter Server

public class CounterServer {
A server and an applet.
The server keeps the visitor count in a file, and public static void main(String[] args) {
sends the count to clients when requested. System.out.println("CounterServer started.");
int i = 1;
No need for spawning thread, since only need to try {
transmit an integer. // read count from the file
InputStream fin =
Read and write files. new FileInputStream("Counter.dat");
DataInputStream din =
new DataInputStream(fin);
i = din.readInt() + 1;
din.close();
} catch (IOException e) {}
 Visitor Counter Server (cont'd) Visitor Counter Server (cont'd)
(class CountServer continued.) (class CountServer continued.)

try { OutputStream fout =

ServerSocket s = new ServerSocket(8190); new FileOutputStream("Counter.dat");
while (true) { DataOutputStream dout =
Socket incoming = s.accept(); new DataOutputStream(fout);
DataOutputStream out dout.writeInt(i);
= new DataOutputStream( dout.close();
incoming.getOutputStream()); out.close();
System.out.println("Count: " + i); i++;
out.writeInt(i); }
incoming.close(); } catch (Exception e) {}
System.out.println("CounterServer stopped.");
}

Counter Applet Counter Applet (cont'd)

public class Counter extends Applet {
(class CountServer continued.)
protected int count = 0;
protected Font font = public void paint(Graphics g) {
new Font("Serif", Font.BOLD, 24); int x = 0, y = font.getSize();
g.setColor(Color.green);
public void init() { g.setFont(font);
URL url = getDocumentBase(); g.drawString("You are visitor: " + count,
try { x, y);
Socket t = new Socket(url.getHost(), 8190); }
DataInputStream in = }
new DataInputStream(t.getInputStream());
count = in.readInt();
} catch (Exception e) {}
}
 Broadcast Echo Server (cont'd)
Broadcast Echo Server
public class BroadcastEchoServer {
static protected Set activeClients =
new HashSet();
To handle multiple requests simultaneously. public static void main(String[] args) {
Broadcast messages received from any client to int i = 1;
try {
all active clients. ServerSocket s = new ServerSocket(8010);
Need to keep track of all active clients. while (true) {
Socket incoming = s.accept();
BroadcastClientHandler newClient =
new BroadcastClientHandler(incoming, i++);
activeClients.add(newClient);
newClient.start();
}
} catch (Exception e) {}
}
}

Broadcast Client Handler Broadcast Client Handler (cont'd)

public class BroadcastClientHandler

extends Thread { public BroadcastClientHandler(Socket incoming,
int id) {
protected Socket incoming; this.incoming = incoming;
protected int id; this.id = id;
protected BufferedReader in; try {
protected PrintWriter out; if (incoming != null) {
in = new BufferedReader(
public synchronized void new InputStreamReader(
sendMessage(String msg) { incoming.getInputStream()));
if (out != null) {
out.println(msg); out = new PrintWriter(
out.flush(); new OutputStreamWriter(
} incoming.getOutputStream()));
} }
} catch (Exception e) {}
}
 Broadcast Client Handler (cont'd) Broadcast Client Handler (cont'd)
// broadcast to other active clients
public void run() { Iterator iter =
if (in != null && BroadcastEchoServer.activeClients.iterator();
out != null) { while (iter.hasNext()) {
sendMessage("Hello! ..."); BroadcastClientHandler t =
sendMessage("Enter BYE to exit."); (BroadcastClientHandler) iter.next();
try { if (t != this)
while (true) { t.sendMessage("Broadcast(" +
String str = in.readLine(); id + "): " + str);
if (str == null) {
break; }}}}
incoming.close();
} else { // this client is no longer active
// echo back to this client BroadcastEchoServer.activeClients.remove(this);
sendMessage("Echo: " + str ); } catch (IOException e) {}
if (str.trim().equals("BYE")) { }
break; }
} else { }