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Curve 2

The document describes methods for setting out simple curves. It outlines two main approaches: linear methods which are used when high accuracy is not required and the curve is short, and instrumental methods which use a theodolite for greater accuracy. Several specific linear methods are described such as using ordinates from a long chord or successive bisection of arcs. Formulas are provided for calculating offsets and coordinates using properties of triangles and relationships between the curve radius, chord length, and offsets.

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Nazib Ul Islam Sazib
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
144 views

Curve 2

The document describes methods for setting out simple curves. It outlines two main approaches: linear methods which are used when high accuracy is not required and the curve is short, and instrumental methods which use a theodolite for greater accuracy. Several specific linear methods are described such as using ordinates from a long chord or successive bisection of arcs. Formulas are provided for calculating offsets and coordinates using properties of triangles and relationships between the curve radius, chord length, and offsets.

Uploaded by

Nazib Ul Islam Sazib
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SETTING OUT OF SIMPLE

CURVE

Mainly divided into 2 heads:


Linear methods
 High degree of accuracy not
required.
 The curve is short.

Angular methods/ Instrument


methods
Theodolite is used with or without
Initials of Setting out
• Measuring Deflection Angle (∆)
• Measuring Tangent Length (T)
• Locating PC
• Computing Length of the curve (l)
• Deciding the Peg Interval
• Calculating Chainage of PC
• Calculating Chainage of PT
• Length of 1st sub chord
• Length of Last sub chord
• Number of Full chords
Complete Sketch for Elements of Simple
Curve
V´
V
Δ
PI
E
T C T

l
M
T1
T2
PC D L
PT

A
R
R
Δ/2

O
SETTING OUT OF CURVE
10 0’ 100’
Su 0’
b -c 10 10
ho
rd
0’
h ord
b-c
Su
PC PT

D
D d2
D
D
d1
Stationing
(usually every 100 feet)

PC 4+86.75
4+00.00
1+00.00
0+00.00

3+00.00
2+00.00

00
00.
5+
T
PI

0 L
.0
+00 7+00.00
6
PC sta = PI sta – T PT 7+27.87
PT sta = PC sta + L 8+00.00

9+00.00

10+00.00

11+00.00
Linear Methods
 By ordinates or offsets from long chord
 By successive bisection of arcs
 By offsets from tangents
 By offsets from chord produced

Instrument Methods
 Rankins methods of tangential (or
deflection) angle
 Two theodolite method
 Tacheometric method
LOCATION OF TANGENT POINT

V
PI Δ
ΔVEF and ΔVT1O are similar triangle
E F G
VT1/OT1 = VF/EF
C VT1 = T = (VF/EF)xOT1
T1
T2
D As we will be knowing the chainage of
PC PT V we can locate T1 by deducting T
from V.
R
R
Δ/2

O
BY ORDINATE FROM LONG CHORD
R = Radius of the Curve
V Oo= Mid Ordinate
PI Δ
Ox = Ordinate at a dist x from Mid point of
C the chord
E E1
T1 OX O0 T1 and T2 are Tangent point.
F T2
PC x D L L= T1T2=Length of Long Chord
PT
From ΔODT1

R OT12 =DT12 + OD2


R Or, R2=(L/2)2+(OC-DC)2 = (L/2)2+ (R-O0)2
Δ/2
OO=R - Root {R2-(L/2)}
Ox=EF=E1D=E1O – DO
Root(EO2 - EE12) - ( CO- DO)
Δ
Thus, Ox = Root(R2-x2)-(R-OO)
O
RADIAL OFFSETS FROM TANGENT

V’
Ox = Radial Offset at dist x from
D PC or T1
x
OX From Triangle T1DO

E DO2=T1O2+T1D2
T1
(DE+EO)2=T1O2+T1D2

A (Ox+R)2 = R2+x2
R
R
Ox= Root(R2+x2)-R

O
PERPENDICULAR OFFSETS FROM TANGENT

V’
Ox = Perpendicular Offset at dist
D x from PC or T1

x OX T1D=x = E1E

E From Triangle EE1O


T1
E1O2 = EO2- E1E2
E1
A (T1O - E1O)2 = EO2 - E1E2
R
R

(R - Ox)2 = R2 - x2

Ox= R - Root(R2 - x2)

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