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Unix Commands

The document provides answers to various questions about Linux commands like head, tail, grep, find, ls, and chmod, explaining how to use them to display parts of files, search for patterns, find files of a certain size, change file permissions, and view file details and permissions. It distinguishes between kill and kill -9, noting that kill -9 forcefully kills a process without allowing child processes to finish first.

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Vamshi Krishna
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
18 views

Unix Commands

The document provides answers to various questions about Linux commands like head, tail, grep, find, ls, and chmod, explaining how to use them to display parts of files, search for patterns, find files of a certain size, change file permissions, and view file details and permissions. It distinguishes between kill and kill -9, noting that kill -9 forcefully kills a process without allowing child processes to finish first.

Uploaded by

Vamshi Krishna
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Re: in a growing log file how will you see the 1st 99 lines?
Ans):-head -99 <file name> - display 1 st 99 lines
tail -99 <file name> - display last 99 lines

Re: 29. How to display top 10 users Who | head -10 | wc –w


Ans):- use below command
Who | head -10

Re: write grep commands to select the lines that have exactly two characters
Ans):- grep "^..$" filename

  Re: what is the difference between SED and GREP ? Which one is more better and why?
Ans):- Both serves the purpose of "pattern matching" in files.SED has
more features compared to simple GREP. Ex: like replacement of
existing string with new string. Deleting the lines in a file etc

  Re: what is the difference between KILL and KILL -9?


Ans):- Kill allows the child processes to be killed before parent process
is killed. Kill -9 forcefully kills the process without giving time to
child processes to be killed. In IPC architecture, it’s not good idea
to kill forcefully using "-9" option.

  Re: How to display a file name which has zero bytes in size.
Ans)- we can find using find command.
find / -size 0
This will print all files under / which has 0 size.

  Re: what is ls -ltd?


Ans):-ls - ltd
current directory information.
Option l: Long listing
t: Time Stamp
d: Information about current directory
(Useed with -l Option)

Re: Assume the following files are in the working directory prompt> ls -l tasks -rw-r--r-- 1 alex student
1423 Feb 21 14:01 tasks What command can Alex use to give everyone permission to write to the file?
What will the ls -l command display if he does so? Answer
#2

chmod 666 tasks will give all users (owner, group and
others) the read-write permission.
r = 4
w = 2
x = 1
therefore rw = 4+2 =6
ls -l : lists a large amount of information of all non-
hidden files and directories in the current working
directory. eg (permissions, owners, size, and when last
modified.

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