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Spanning Tree

This document summarizes spanning tree protocol (STP) types, port states, port roles, bridge ID, path selection, link costs, timers, configuration, and enhancements. STP is used to prevent bridge loops by blocking ports on a LAN. There are different STP types including standard 802.1D, PVST, PVST+, RSTP, and MST. Port states include blocking, listening, learning, and forwarding. Port roles are root, designated, and alternate/backup. Configuration is done using commands like spanning-tree priority and spanning-tree cost. Enhancements provide faster convergence and protection.

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2K views

Spanning Tree

This document summarizes spanning tree protocol (STP) types, port states, port roles, bridge ID, path selection, link costs, timers, configuration, and enhancements. STP is used to prevent bridge loops by blocking ports on a LAN. There are different STP types including standard 802.1D, PVST, PVST+, RSTP, and MST. Port states include blocking, listening, learning, and forwarding. Port roles are root, designated, and alternate/backup. Configuration is done using commands like spanning-tree priority and spanning-tree cost. Enhancements provide faster convergence and protection.

Uploaded by

opexxx
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SPANNING TREE packetlife.

net

Port States STP Types


Original Rapid STP CST PVST PVST+ RSTP MST
Blocking Discarding Standard 802.1D Cisco Cisco 802.1w 802.1s
Listening -- Instances One Per VLAN Per VLAN Per VLAN Variable
Learning Learning Trunking 802.1q/ISL ISL 802.1q/ISL 802.1q/ISL 802.1q/ISL
Forwarding Forwarding STP Operation
Port Roles 1 Root bridge election Lowest bridge ID wins
Original Rapid STP 2 Select root port One per switch
Root Root 3 Select designated ports One per segment
Designated Designated 4 Block ports with loops All non-root and non-desginated ports are blocked
-- Alternate Bridge ID
Blocking Backup 16 32 48 64

802.1D Timers Priority MAC Address

Hello 2s
Priority 0 to 65,535; defaults to 32,768; may include VLAN ID
Forward Delay 15s
MAC Address Serves as a globally unique identifier
Max Age 20s
STP Configuration
Path Selection
Enable STP (config)# spanning-tree <VLANs>
1 Lowest root bridge ID
Bridge priority (config)# spanning-tree priority <priority>
2 Lowest cost to root
Port cost (config-if)# spanning-tree cost <cost>
3 Lowest sender bridge ID
Port priority (config-if)# spanning-tree port-priority <priority>
4 Lowest sender port ID
Hello time (config)# spanning-tree hello-time <seconds>
Link Costs Forward time (config)# spanning-tree forward-time <seconds>
Bandwidth Cost Max Age (config)# spanning-tree max-age <seconds>
4 Mbps 250 PortFast (config-if)# spanning-tree portfast
10 Mbps 100 UplinkFast (config)# spanning-tree uplinkfast
16 Mbps 62 BackboneFast (config)# spanning-tree backbonefast
45 Mbps 39 Root Guard (config-if)# spanning-tree guard root
100 Mbps 19 BPDU Guard (config-if)# spanning-tree bpduguard enable
155 Mbps 14 Loop Guard (config)# spanning-tree guard loop
622 Mbps 6 BPDU Filtering (config)# spanning-tree bpdufilter enable
1 Gbps 4 Verification # show spanning-tree [summary]
10 Gbps 2

802.1D Ehancements Spanning Tree Protection


PortFast Enables immediate transition into Root Guard Prevents a port from becoming the root port
forwarding state on edge ports
BPDU Guard Error disables a port if a BPDU is received
UplinkFast Enables access switches to
Loop Guard Prevents a blocked port from transitioning to
maintain backup paths to root
listening after the Max Age timer has expired
BackboneFast Enables immediate expiration of the
BPDU Filtering Effectively disables STP on a port
Max Age timer

by Jeremy Stretch v1.2

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