INVISIBLE BROKEN

WIRE DETECTOR
IN HOUSE TRAINING
PROJECT

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 ABSTRACT
 In our day to day life we use various
electronic appliances employing various
complex components in there circuitry. And in
the present era everyone is over dependent
on electronic gadgets
 All these modern day gadgets are having
there power supply wires covered with a pvc
jackets for the protection of both the wire as
well as the user from getting electric shock.
But sometime this protection also becomes a
cause of problem for the user.
 Whenever the inner wire breaks, the device
becomes inactive and the user cannot easily
detect what is the reason.
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 video cameras, halogen flood lights, electrical irons,
hand drillers, grinders, and cutters are powered by
connecting long 2- or 3-core cables to the mains
plug. Due to prolonged usage, the power cord wires
are subjected to mechanical strain and stress, which
can lead to internal snapping of wires at any point.
In such a case most people go for replacing
 The core/cable, as finding the exact location of a
broken wire is difficult. In 3-core cables, it appears
almost impossible to detect a broken wire and the
point of break without physically disturbing all the
three Wires that are concealed in a PVC jacket.
 So we have built a circuit which can easily detect
the exact location of the broken wire and thus
reduces unnecessary expenses of the user.
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 INTRODUCTION
 Our basic aim by this project is to build a
circuit which acts as a device to detect the
exact location of a broken point of the wire
inside the pvc jacket without physically
damaging the pvc jacket thus reducing the
wastage of time as well as resources.
 To detect the exact location of the broken
wire inside the pvc jacket we employ our
circuit with a hex inverter CMOS which uses
its actions to control an oscillator which in
return detects the presence of ac current
and thus shows us the exact location till
where the wire is intact and allowing the
passage of current through it .
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MATERIALS AND METHODS

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 It is built using hex inverter CMOS CD4069. Gates N3 and
N4 are used as a pulse generator that oscillates at around
1000 Hz in audio range. The frequency is determined by
timing components comprising resistors R3 and R4 and
capacitor C1.
 Gates N1 and N2 are used to sense the presence of 230V
AC field around the live wire and buffer weak AC voltage
picked from the test probe. The voltage at output pin 10 of
gate N2 can enable or inhibit the oscillator circuit. When
the test probe is away from any high-voltage AC field,
output pin 10 of gate N2 remains low. As a result, diode D3
conducts and inhibits the oscillator circuit from oscillating.
Simultaneously, the output of gate N3 at pin 6 goes ‘low’ to
cut off transistor T1. As a result, LED1 goes off. When the
test probe is moved closer to 230V AC, 50Hz mains live
wire, during every positive half cycle, output pin 10 of gate
N2 goes high. Thus during every positive half-cycle of the
mains frequency, the oscillator circuit is allowed to oscillate
at around 1 kHz, making red LED (LED1) to blink. (Due to
the persistence of vision, the LED appears to be glowing
continuously.)

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 To detect the breakage point, turn on
switch S1 and slowly move the test probe
closer to the faulty wire, beginning with
the input point of the live wire and
proceeding towards its other end.
 LED1 starts glowing during the presence
of AC voltage in faulty wire. When the
breakage point is reached, LED1
immediately extinguishes due to the non-
availability of mains AC voltage. The point
where LED1 is turned off is the exact
broken-wire point

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 COMPONENTS AND
METHODOLOGY USED
CMOS HEX INVERTER CD 4069
 The CD4069UB consists of six

inverter circuits and is manufactured

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 Features

 Wide supply voltage range: 3.0V to

 Low power TTL compatibility: Fan

out of 2 driving 74L

−55°C to +125°C

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10
 1N4148 High Speed switching
diodes
FEATURES
 High switching speed: max. 4 ns

 General application

 Continuous reverse voltage: max.

100 V
 Repetitive peak reverse voltage:

max.100V
 Repetitive peak forward current:

max. 450 mA.

 The transistor is a component with 3

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 The drawing of BC547 transistor is as
under:

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 Types of resistors used in the
Circuit

 47 ohm Resistor
 1M ohm Resistor

 560 ohm Resistor

 220 ohm Resistor

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
 Thus the circuit was made successfully
which can easily detect broken point in the
wire inside the PVC jacket without
physically disturbing it.
 The whole circuit can be accommodated in
a small PVC pipe and used as a handy
broken-wire detector. This will make the
circuit more compact and easy to handle.
The handy bro0ken-wire detector can be
taken anywhere and everywhere and
becomes less prone to damage.

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 Conclusions and
Recommendations
 The circuit made is cheap and best. It
would not only able in reducing wastage of
time but resources also
 Thus using just a hex inverter and few
resistors we are able to construct a device
which can easily detect a faulty broken
wire and thus save the extra cost of a user
which is incurred on replacing the faulty
wire and not repairing it which is
otherwise too difficult.
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 Future Scope: We can use an
inverter in between the LED and the
oscillator which will then turn on the
LED only when the broken point is
detected and keeping it off when the
wire is not broken. By making this
change we can make our detector
more user friendly which now
directly shows the broken point.
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 PRESENTED BY:-
 Anurag Tanwar(229)
 Kevin Devasia(232)

 Shashank Sharma(233)

 Shubham Jain (234)

 Ashish Sen(235)

 Manan Mathur(236)

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THANK YOU

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