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Expression Trees For Formulas

Expression trees provide a visual representation of logical formulas and their structure. A proposition is represented by a single node, and logical operators join subexpressions. To build an expression tree, the overall formula is placed at the top with subexpressions arranged below, joined to the operator nodes. Expression trees can represent formulas with various logical operators such as negation, conjunction, disjunction, implication, biconditional, and subformulas.

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1K views15 pages

Expression Trees For Formulas

Expression trees provide a visual representation of logical formulas and their structure. A proposition is represented by a single node, and logical operators join subexpressions. To build an expression tree, the overall formula is placed at the top with subexpressions arranged below, joined to the operator nodes. Expression trees can represent formulas with various logical operators such as negation, conjunction, disjunction, implication, biconditional, and subformulas.

Uploaded by

Roselle Tura
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Expression Trees for Formulas

Group 10
BSIT – SE 3A
Discrete Mathematics
Expression Tree
- visual representation for the way that a
formula is built from proposition and logical
operators

Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees


for Formulas
Figure 1.1 Representation for p

A proposition is
represented by a
single node.

Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees


for Formulas
Figure 1.2 Representation for p v q

p vq

p q

Expression involving two


propositions and a logical
operator.

Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees


for Formulas
How to build an expression tree?
- Place the final expression at the top of the
representation
- Put the expression that are operated on to form
the final expression underneath
- Join by lines the nodes representing the
expression operated on and the node
representing the result of the operation

Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees


for Formulas
Figure 1.3 Expression Tree of ((p v q) ^ r)

((p v q) ^ r)

(p v q)

p q

Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees


for Formulas
Figure 1.3 Expression Tree of((¬ p) v q) → (r → p)

((¬p) v q) → (r → p)

((¬p) v q) (r → p)

(¬p)

q r p

p
Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees
for Formulas
The expression tree for a proportion p, for T or
for F of a single node as shown:

p T F

Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees


for Formulas
If φ is a formula with expression tree TΦ, then
an expression of T (¬Φ) is

T (¬Φ)

Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees


for Formulas
If φ and Ψ are formulas with expression
trees Tφ and TΨ, respectively, then an
expression of tree T(φ ^ Ψ) is
T(φ ^ Ψ)

φ Ψ

Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees


for Formulas
T(φ V Ψ) T(φ → Ψ)

T(φ ↔ Ψ)
φ Ψ φ Ψ
T(φ V Ψ) T(φ → Ψ)

φ Ψ
T(φ ↔ Ψ)
Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees
for Formulas
Let χ be a formula with expression tree T, and
let Ψ be a formula with expression tree U.
Then χ is a subformula of Ψ if, for some node
χ of U, T χ = U χ.

Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees


for Formulas
(r ^ (¬(¬(p v q) ) ) )

For the expression (¬(¬(p v q) ) )


tree T, determine
the subformulas r (¬(p v q) )
defines by p and
(¬(p v q)) (p v q)

p q
Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees
for Formulas
Solution: (¬(p v q) )

(p v q)

p q

The subtrees Tp and T(¬(p v q))

Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees


for Formulas
Expression Trees for Formulas

END

Discrete Mathematics - Expression Trees


for Formulas

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