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Network Mask & Wildcard

This document discusses network masks and wildcard masks. It explains that network masks are used to determine if IP addresses are in the same subnet, with 1s in the mask indicating bits that must match. Wildcard masks are the inverse of subnet masks and use 1s to indicate "don't care" bits. Wildcard masks can group addresses across subnets and are used in address filtering. Examples are provided to illustrate how different mask values affect whether addresses are considered part of the same network or subnet.

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Eddie Wu
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97 views8 pages

Network Mask & Wildcard

This document discusses network masks and wildcard masks. It explains that network masks are used to determine if IP addresses are in the same subnet, with 1s in the mask indicating bits that must match. Wildcard masks are the inverse of subnet masks and use 1s to indicate "don't care" bits. Wildcard masks can group addresses across subnets and are used in address filtering. Examples are provided to illustrate how different mask values affect whether addresses are considered part of the same network or subnet.

Uploaded by

Eddie Wu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Network Mask & Wildcard

Lab 1

(C) Eddie W. 2010. All rights reserved.


Subnet Mask
• How does the router know if 192.168.1.12/27
and 192.168.1.33/27 are in the same
network? – Network mask
• Subnet mask: 1 must match, 0 don’t care
Decimal Binary
192.168.1.12 11000000.10011110.00000001.00001100
192.168.1.33 11000000.10011110.00000001.00100001
255.255.255.224 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000
(/27)

(C) Eddie W. 2010. All rights reserved.


Subnet Mask
• So in the above example, 192.168.1.1/27 is
not in the same network as 192.168.1.33/27
• To put them in the same subnet, we will need
to group the common bits, so use /26 mask,
and the subnet mask becomes
255.255.255.192
Decimal Binary
192.168.1.12 11000000.10011110.00000001.00001100
192.168.1.33 11000000.10011110.00000001.00100001
255.255.255.192 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000
(/26)
(C) Eddie W. 2010. All rights reserved.
Wildcard Mask
• Wildcard mask, used to define the scope of
the address filter
• In Wildcard Mask: 1 means don’t care, 0
means match exactly
• Think about Wildcard Mask as the inverted
subnet mask
• For each octet in use (255 – subnet mask) to
get the wildcard mask

(C) Eddie W. 2010. All rights reserved.


Wildcard Mask
• More information
• http://www.rhyshaden.com/ipadd.htm

Decimal Binary
192.168.1.12 11000000.10011110.00000001.00001100
192.168.1.33 11000000.10011110.00000001.00100001
255.255.255.192 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000
(/26)
0.0.0.63 00000000.00000000.00000000.00111111

(C) Eddie W. 2010. All rights reserved.


Wildcard Mask
• Wildcard masks are used in situations where the
subnet mask may not apply.
• E.g. wildcard mask of 0.0.0.254
(00000000.00000000.00000000.11111110) can
be used to filter access on odd/even ip addresses
• E.g. host 192.168.0.1/24 & host 192.168.1.1/24, 2
hosts is from different subnet, they can be
grouped by Wildcard mask (0.0.1.0)

(C) Eddie W. 2010. All rights reserved.


• E.g 192.168.0.1 with mask 0.0.160.0
192.168.0.1 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000001
0.0.160.0 00000000.00000000.10100000.00000000
192.168.0.1 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000001
192.168.32.1 11000000.10101000.00100000.00000001
192.168.128.1 11000000.10101000.10000000.00000001
192.168.160.1 11000000.10101000.10100000.00000001

(C) Eddie W. 2010. All rights reserved.


• Useful website resources
• http://www.4shared.com/ - to get all the
materials
• http://www.ciscobible.net/ - covers exam
questions, seems down atm
• http://www.rhyshaden.com/
• Google.com & youtube.com

(C) Eddie W. 2010. All rights reserved.

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