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NOTES FOR BSc(Hons)
Mathematics REAL ANALYSIS-1 Definition 1-: ( Bounded above sets)
A non empty subset ‘S’ of real numbers is said to be bounded
above if and only there exists a real number ‘K’ such that x ≤ K for all elements ‘x’ of ‘S’ NOTE 1-: Such a number K if it exists may or may not be in ‘S’.
EXAMPLE 1-: S = { -1, -1/2,-1/3,-1/4……………………}
Is bounded above by ‘0’ and 0 does not belong to the set ‘S’. EXAMPLE 2-: S= { 1,1/2,1/3,1/4,………………………} Is bounded above by 1 and 1 belongs to the set ‘S’.
NOTE 2-: If S is bounded above by K then we say that K is an
upper bound of S NOTE 3-: If K is an upper bound of a set then all the numbers greater than K are also upper bounds.
Definition 2-:(Bounded below sets)
A non empty subset ‘S’ of real numbers is said to be bounded
below iff there exists a real number ‘H’ Such that. H ≤ x for all elements x of ‘S’ EXAMPLE 3-: in example 1 we have S is bounded below by -1 and it belongs to S whereas in example 2 S is bounded below by 0 but 0 does not belong to the set S.
Prepared by SANJEEV KUMAR SHUKLA MSc Mathematics(DELHI UNIVERSITY)