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File System Types

The document summarizes different file system types that can be used by the mount and fstab commands including ext2, ext3, reiserfs, xfs, iso9660, proc, devfs, msdos, vfat, and ntfs. It also lists some common shell commands like pwd, cd, ls, less, man, mount, umount, id, chmod, df, and du. Finally, it provides an overview of some common directory layouts in the Linux file system including /home, /etc, /usr, /var, /dev, /lost+found, /tmp, /proc, /bin, and /sbin.

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dparthade
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69 views

File System Types

The document summarizes different file system types that can be used by the mount and fstab commands including ext2, ext3, reiserfs, xfs, iso9660, proc, devfs, msdos, vfat, and ntfs. It also lists some common shell commands like pwd, cd, ls, less, man, mount, umount, id, chmod, df, and du. Finally, it provides an overview of some common directory layouts in the Linux file system including /home, /etc, /usr, /var, /dev, /lost+found, /tmp, /proc, /bin, and /sbin.

Uploaded by

dparthade
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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File system types

The following file system types are used by mount and fstab.
They are listed in /etc/fstab or can be specified by mount with -t.
ext2 default file system for many Linux distributions
ext3 ext2 + journaling, which means that no fsck is required after a power failure
reiserfs, newer file systems, similar to ext2, but improve on various aspects (journaling, speed,
xfs size, efficiency)
iso9660 used by most cdroms
special virtual file system, none of the files actually exist, but they are created by the
proc kernel on the fly, eg cat /proc/filesystems contains a list of supported file system types
on the current system
devfs virtual file system for devices (see below)
msdos dos file system, with 8.3 file names only
vfat win95, 98, 2K, XP file system, supports long file names
read-only support for NTFS (as used by NT, 2K, XP)
ntfs

Shell Commands
Most commands default to using the current directory.
pwd show the current directory, eg "pwd" may print "/home/kim"
cd change current directory, with no arguments will change to your home directory
ls shows files in current directory
ls foo shows files in directory "foo" or the file "foo"
ls *.html shows files in the current directory ending in .html
ls -l shows details of files
ls -a show all files, including files beginning with "."
tree  -d show directory structure
less display a file on screen
man where to find help on any command
show all file systems currently mounted, or add a file system to the tree, eg "mount -t
mount
vfat /dev/fd0 /floppy
umount un mount a file system, eg "umount /dev/fd0" or "umount /floppy"
id show which groups you belong to
chmod change permissions on files
df -h show the free space on all file systems
show how much disk space each direcotry uses
du -h

Layout
/home user home directories, eg /home/kim
/etc configuration files
/usr applications and data, eg /usr/bin
/var data which changes, eg /var/spool/mail
/dev devices, special files
/lost+found where files are recovered to by fsck after file system corruption. normally empty
/tmp temporary files, often cleared during bootup
/proc system information, eg /proc/cpuinfo
/bin programs required during bootup
/sbin programs required during bootup which would only be run the the superuser (root)

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