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Sub Station Training Report

The document summarizes the training that the author underwent at the 66kV substation in Manimajra, India. It then provides details about electrical substations and their components. The 66kV substation is run by the Chandigarh Electricity Board and controls power supply in the region. It transforms high voltage power for transmission to lower voltages for distribution. Key components of substations discussed include transformers, bus bars, switchgear, instrument transformers, protective relays, lightning arresters and batteries.

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3K views

Sub Station Training Report

The document summarizes the training that the author underwent at the 66kV substation in Manimajra, India. It then provides details about electrical substations and their components. The 66kV substation is run by the Chandigarh Electricity Board and controls power supply in the region. It transforms high voltage power for transmission to lower voltages for distribution. Key components of substations discussed include transformers, bus bars, switchgear, instrument transformers, protective relays, lightning arresters and batteries.

Uploaded by

prem0809
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AT 66K.V.

SUBSTATION
By
Panjab university
Elecrtical deppt
  
 I UNDERTOOK MY TRAINING AT 66K.V. SUB
STATION AT MANIMAJRA, WHICH COMES
UNDER CHANDIGARH ELECTRICITY BOARD .
IT IS A GOVERNMENT RUN BODY WHICH
CONTROLS THE SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY IN
THE REGION OF UNION TERITORY OF
CHANDIGARH AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD.
IT ALSO MAINTIANS THE “ SCADA” RECORDS
OF THE SAME REGION.
 An electrical substation is a subsidiary station
of an electricity generation, transmission and
distribution system where voltage is
transformed from high to low or the reverse
using transformers.
 Substations do not usually have generators
 Transmission substation

 Distribution substations

 Collector substation
 connects two or more transmission lines

 The largest transmission substations can cover


a large area (several acres/hectares) with
multiple voltage levels, many circuit breakers
and a large amount of protection and control
equipment (voltage and current transformers,
relays and SCADA systems).
 transfers power from the transmission system
to the distribution system of an area.
 The input for a distribution substation is
typically at least two transmission or
subtransmission lines
 Complicated distribution substations can be
found in the downtown areas of large cities,
with high-voltage switching, and switching
and backup systems on the low-voltage side
 Indoor type substations

 Outdoor substations
 in such substations the apparatus is installed
within the substation building . such
substations are usually for a voltage upto 11kv
but can be erected for the 33kv and 66kv when
the surrounding atmosphere is contaminated
with impurities such as metal corroding gases
and fumes etc.
they are of two types
 Pole mounted- they are erected for distribution

of power in localities. Single 4pole structures


with suitable platforms are employed for
transformers of capacity upto 25kva, 125kva
and above.

 Foundation mounted-for transformers of


capacity above 250kva the transformers are too
heavy for pole mounting . such substations are
usually for voltages of 33000 volts and above
 MAIN BUS BARS
 Switch gear
 Power transformer
 instrument transformers
 Protective relays
 Lighting arresters
 Batteries
 An aluminum or copper conductor supported
by insulators that interconnects the loads and
the sources of electric power in an electric
power system.
 A typical application is the interconnection of
the incoming and outgoing transmission lines
and transformers at an electrical substation.
 Bus-bars also interconnect the generator and
the main transformers in a power plant.
 Switchgear is used both to de-energize equipment
to allow work to be done and to clear faults
downstream.

 Today, oil-filled equipment has largely been


replaced by air-blast, vacuum, or SF6 equipment,
allowing large currents and power levels to be
safely controlled by automatic equipment
incorporating digital controls, protection, metering
and communications.
 They are used for stepping up the voltage for
transmission at generating stations and
stepping down voltage for further distribution
at main step down transformer substations.
 Usually naturally cooled , oil immersed ,
known as on type, two winding , 3- phase
transformers, are used upto the rating of
10mva
 in electrical engineering, a current transformer
(CT) is used for measurement of electric
currents.
 Current transformers, together with potential
transformers (PT), are known as instrument
transformers.
 Relays with calibrated operating characteristics
and sometimes multiple operating coils are
used to protect electrical circuits from overload
or faults; in modern electric power systems
these functions are performed by digital
instruments still called "protection relays".
 A relay is an electrically operated switch
 It consists of a coil of wire surrounding a soft
iron core, an iron yoke, which provides a low
reluctance path for magnetic flux, a movable
iron armature, and a set, or sets, of contacts;
two in the relay pictured.
 When an electric current is passed through the
coil, the resulting magnetic field attracts the
armature, and the consequent movement of the
movable contact or contacts either makes or
breaks a connection with a fixed contact
 Buildings are protected from lightning by
metallic lightning rods extending to the ground
from a point above the highest part of the roof.
 When lightning strikes it hits the rod and
current flows down through the copper strip.
These rods form a low-resistance path for the
lightning discharge and prevent it from
travelling through the structure itself.
 In electric power stations and large capacity
substations , the operating and automatic
control circuits , the protective relay systems ,
as well as emergency lighting circuits are
supplied by station batteries

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