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Table - Coordinate Systems

This document defines and provides the mathematical expressions for gradient, divergence, curl, and Laplacian operators in Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical coordinate systems. The gradient is defined as the partial derivatives of a vector field with respect to each coordinate. Divergence measures the net outflow of a vector field from an infinitesimal volume. Curl measures the rotation or circulation of a vector field. And the Laplacian operator measures how a scalar field changes in space.

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163 views1 page

Table - Coordinate Systems

This document defines and provides the mathematical expressions for gradient, divergence, curl, and Laplacian operators in Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical coordinate systems. The gradient is defined as the partial derivatives of a vector field with respect to each coordinate. Divergence measures the net outflow of a vector field from an infinitesimal volume. Curl measures the rotation or circulation of a vector field. And the Laplacian operator measures how a scalar field changes in space.

Uploaded by

revo32
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GRADIENT, DIVERGENCE, CURL, & LAPLACIAN OPERATORS

CARTESIAN (RECTANGULAR) COORDINATES (x, y, z)

V V V
V  xˆ  yˆ  zˆ
x y z
 Ax Ay Az
 A   
x y z
xˆ yˆ zˆ
     Az Ay   Ax Az   Ay Ax 
 A   xˆ 
  
  yˆ  z  x   zˆ
 x  y 

x y z  y z     
Ax Ay Az
 2V  2V  2V
 2V   
x 2
y 2
z 2

CYLINDRICAL COORDINATES (r, , z)

V 1 V V
V  rˆ  ˆ  zˆ
r r  z
 1  A
 A   rAr   1   Az
r r r  z
rˆ ˆr zˆ
 1 Az A  ˆ Ar Az  1 
 rA   Ar 
 1   
 A   rˆ         zˆ 
r r  z  r  z   z r  r  r  
Ar rA Az
1   V  1  2V  2V
 2V  r  2 
r r  r  r  2
z 2

SPHERICAL COORDINATES (R, , )

V ˆ 1 V ˆ 1 V
V  Rˆ  
R R  R sin  
1   A
 R 2 AR  
1
 A sin    1

 A  2
R R R sin   R sin  
Rˆ ˆR ˆR sin 
 1   
 A 
R 2 sin  R  
AR RA  R sin   A
  A  ˆ 1  1 AR   ˆ1  AR 
   A sin        R  sin    R  RA     R  R  RA    
1
 Rˆ
R sin      
1   2 V  1   V  1 V2
 2V  2 R   sin  
R R  R  R 2 sin      R 2 sin 2   2

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