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2.0 Basic OS Concept Management

This document discusses the basic concepts of operating system management including different types of user interfaces, basic functions of the user interface, and primary functions of the file system. It describes command, menu, graphical, voice, and web interfaces and explains how they enable user interaction. It also outlines the file system's access methods, directory structures including single-level, two-level, and tree-structured, file sharing across networks, and protection of files and information.

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112 views19 pages

2.0 Basic OS Concept Management

This document discusses the basic concepts of operating system management including different types of user interfaces, basic functions of the user interface, and primary functions of the file system. It describes command, menu, graphical, voice, and web interfaces and explains how they enable user interaction. It also outlines the file system's access methods, directory structures including single-level, two-level, and tree-structured, file sharing across networks, and protection of files and information.

Uploaded by

F2032
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.

0 Basic OS Concept
Management
Learning Outcomes
2.1.1 Identify the different types of user interface
2.1.2 Identify basic function perform by an operating
system’s user interface
2.1.3 Primary functions performed by File System
2.1.4 Boot process
Types of Interfaces
1. Command Interface
2. Menu Interface
3. Graphical User Interface
4. Voice-actuated interface
5. Web-form interface
Types of Interface : Command Interface

• An interface that accepts types commands,


one line at a time from the user
• Contras with a menu – driven interface
• Eg: MS-DOS , UNIX operating system
Types of Interface : Menu Interface

• An interface that accept instructions that


user choose from menu of valid choice
• User often use mouse to point and click on
the chosen instruction
• Contrast with a command-driven interface
• Eg: Windows 2000
Types of Interface : Graphical User
Interface
• A user interface that allows the user to
activate operating system command by
clicking on a desktop icon using pointing
device such as mouse or touch screen.
• GUIs evolved from command –driven user
interface
• User often use mouse to point and click on
the chosen
Types of Interface : Voice-Actuated
Interface
• Enables a user to use simple voice command
to control physical environmental.
• Eg: The computer includes a voice card and
associated voice recognition and training
software for interpreting and translating
voice input into digital information readable
by controller card for operating equipments
or control the environment.
Types of Interface : Web-form Interface

• Allow user to enter data that is send to a


server for processing
• Web form interface resembles paper form
because user need to fill out the form using
web form elements
Basic Functions Perform by OS User
Interface

1. Enable user to interact with the system


2. How to interact? By perform the user
command interface /instructions from
various types of interfaces.
3. Medium are used ; display screen,
keyboard, mouse, light pen, the appearance
of a desktop, illuminated characters or help
messages.
Primary Functions perform by File
System

• Access method
• Directory Structure
• File Sharing
• Protection
File System : Access Method
• File is used to stored information
– When it used, this information must be
accessed and read into computer memory.
– Information in the file can be accessed in
several way :
• Capaian secara berjujukan/Sequential access
• Capaian secara terus/Direct access @ Random
Access
Sequential Access
• Refer to reading or writing data
consecutively (one after the other).
• Example : Music tape
– You must forward or rewind the tape to a
specific piece of data.
– To access item W requires passing through
points A through V sequantially
Direct Access
• Also called random access
• Means that the device can locate a particular
data item or file immediately, without having to
move consecutively through item stored in
front of the desired data item or file
• Example: Floppy disk, Zip disk, hard disk, CDs
and DVDs
• When writing or reading specific data, direct
access is much faster than sequential access.
File System : Directory Structure
• Directory records information such as name,
location, size and type for all file on that partition.

– Operation performed on a directory :


• Create a file, delete a file, list directory,
rename file, traverse the file system
– Eg: Single-level directory , two-level directory,
tree-structured directory
Directory Structure : Single- Level
Directory

• A single directory for all users

 Naming problem
Directory Structure : Two Level Directory

• Separate directory for each user

 Path name
 Can have the same file name for different user
 Efficient searching
 16
No grouping capability
Directory Structure : Tree-Structured
Directory

Efficient searching
Grouping Capability

17
File System : File Sharing
• Sharing of files on multi-user systems is desirable
• User oriented O/S must accommodate the need to
share file for facing difficulties.
• Sharing may be done through a protection scheme
• On distributed systems, files may be shared across a
network
• FTP – transfer file between machine
• Network File System (NFS) is a common distributed
file-sharing method
• NFS is standard UNIX client-server file sharing protocol
File System :Protection
• When information is kept in a computer system :
want to keep information safe from physical
damage and improper access .
• Protection can be provided in many way
– Eg: 1. Small single-user system might provide
protection by physically removing the floppy
disk and locking them in a desk drawer or file
cabinet
– Eg: 2. In multiuser system, others mechanisms
are needed.

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