4-2 Relations and Functions
Warm Up
Generate ordered pairs for the function
y = x + 3 for x = –2, –1, 0, 1, and 2.
Find the y values, and put them together as
an ordered pairs as (x,y)
x y (x,y)
-2 1 (–2, 1) y=x+3 =-2 + 3 =1
-1 2 (–1, 2) y=x+3 = -1 + 3 =2
0 3 (0, 3) y=x+3 =0+3 =3
1 4 (1, 4) y=x+3 =1+3 =4
2 5 (2, 5) y=x+3 =2+3 =5
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
Objectives
Identify functions.
Find the domain and range of relations and
functions.
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
Sho wing Mul ti ple
Re pre sen tat io ns o f
Re la tio ns
Example 1:
Express the relation {(2, 3), (4, 7), (6, 8)}:
1. as a table,
2. as a graph,
3. and as a mapping diagram.
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
1. Rep res en t as Tab le :
x y x y x y
{(2, 3), (4, 7), (6, 8)}
Table
x y Write all x-values under “x”
2 3
and write all y-values under “y”.
4 7
6 8
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
2. Rep res en t as Graph :
{(2, 3), (4, 7), (6, 8)}
Graph
(6,8)
(4,7)
Use the x- and y-values to
plot the ordered pairs.
(2,3)
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
3. Rep res en t as Ma pp ing
Dia gram:
{(2, 3), (4, 7), (6, 8)}
Mapping Diagram
x y Write all x-values under “x” and
all y-values under “y”. Draw an
2 3 arrow from each x-value to its
corresponding y-value.
4 7
6 8
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
Your turn to try it!!! PRACTICES
Express the relation {(1, 3), (2, 4), (3, 5)} as a
table, as a graph, and as a mapping diagram.
Table Graph Mapping Diagram
x y
x y
1 3 1 3
2 4 2 4
3 5 3 5
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
The domain of a relation is the set
of first coordinates (or x-values) of
the ordered pairs.
The range of a relation is the set
of second coordinates (or y-values)
of the ordered pairs.
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
Remember this way:
y Range
my EX WIFE is a DR.
X Domain
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
Check It Out! Example 2a
Give the domain and range of the relation.
6
Domain: {6, 5, 2, 1}
5 –4
Range: {–4, –1, 0}
–1
2
0
1
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
Check It Out! Example 2b
Give the domain and range of the relation.
x y Domain: {1, 4, 8}
1 1 Range: {1, 4}
4 4
8 1
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
A function is a special type of relation
that pairs each domain value with
exactly one range value.
Notes:
If it is a function, then none of x
(domain) value should be repeated
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
Example 3A: Identifying Functions
Give the domain and range of the relation. Tell
whether the relation is a function. Explain.
{(3, –2), (5, –1), (4, 0), (3, 1)}
The relation is not a function. Each domain value
does not have exactly one range value.
The domain value 3 is repeated, paired with the
range values –2 and 1.
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
Example 3B: Identifying Functions
Give the domain and range of the relation. Tell
whether the relation is a function. Explain.
–4 {(-4, 2), (-8, 2), (4, 1), (5, 1)}
2
–8
1
4
5
This relation is a function. Each domain value is
paired with exactly one range value.
Holt Algebra 1
4-2 Relations and Functions
Example 3C: Identifying Functions
Give the domain and range of the relation. Tell
whether the relation is a function. Explain.
Draw in lines to see
(-3,1) the domain and range
values
(-3,-2)
Check out the points
that the line cut
through the plane
The relation is not a function. Nearly all domain
values have more than one range value.
Holt Algebra 1
