A SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT ON

“STATUS OF SOYBEAN AND MUSTARD CULTIVATION IN REWA, (M.P).”

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
Dr. R.P.SINGH Mr. NIKHIL SINGH

Jaypee Rewa Soya Processing Unit, Rewa (M.P.)

Vill. - Chijjwar, District – Rewa (M.P.)
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. NIKHIL SINGH ROLL NO-

BM-09124, a student of P.G.D.M(IV Trimester) studying in I.M.S, Ghaziabad has
satisfactorily carried out project work on “STATUS OF SOYBEAN AND MUSTRAD
CULTIVATION IN REWA(M.P)” under my guidance and supervision is an original
research work done for Jaypee rewa soya processing unit, Rewa. It is based upon both the
primary data as well as secondary data and references are from published sources hence it
proves authenticity of the research project.

This research work is original and is an unpublished report.

Project In charge
Dr.R.P.Singh
J.R.S.P.U,REWA

2
 DECLARATION

This is to certify that me Nikhil Singh (BM-09124), the student of

Post Graduate Diploma in Management (PGDM) 4th Trimester of I.M.S, Ghaziabad was
engaged in Project program working on the project titled “Status of soybean and mustard
cultivation in Rewa (M.P)”, under the guidance of Dr. R.P Singh at Jaypee Rewa soya
processing unit, Chizwar, dist- Rewa.

We obtained the data mentioned in this report through intense survey religiously. Data
obtained from primary data, Internet, books, journals and magazines available to me has been
duly acknowledged. I, hereby affirm that the work has been done by me with utmost
diligence and sincere Endeavour in all its aspects and results reported in this study are
genuine and true to best of our knowledge.

Signature:

Nikhil Singh

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

No task whatever big or small can be completed without

proper guidance and encouragement. It gives me a great pleasure to our deep sense
of gratitude and reverence to every person who created a congenial atmosphere for
successful completion of this project.

First of all, I would like to express my profound thanks to respected Dr. R.P Singh for
giving me warm encouragement and inspiration for my task. His precious guidance cannot
be expressed only with thanks. I offer my humble gratitude to my guide Mr. V.B Mishra for
his valuable faithful guidance, encouragement and suggestion till the completion of my
project. His personal attention brought the project expeditiously.

I would also like to thank our college project guide Mr. Vijendra Dhyani sir of I.M.S for
his valuable insight and guidance without which this project cannot be completed. Lastly, I
wish to express heartfelt thanks to my loving parents and all my friends who help me directly
or indirectly.

NIKHIL SINGH
BM-09124
P.G.D.M (4th trimester)
I.M.S, Ghaziabad

4
 ABSTRACT

Jaypee is going to establish a Soya processing plant in Rewa (M.P). For the supply of raw
materials like soybean and mustard, it has decided to directly link with farmers to get raw
materials at cheaper rate and according to demand. So it has decided to deal with the
problems related to soybean production. That is why, it is conducting a survey to know about
the current soybean production, problems related to soybean production, soil status, farmers
view and make them aware about there perspective.

Purpose- In these papers, we are trying to study the soybean production status as well as
problems of farmers related to soybean production like soil status and make farmers aware
about the plant and link them directly with the company through service providers and other
ways.

Method used- The primary as well as secondary data is used for the studies. For primary
data, a questionnaire has been prepared and an intense survey is done on farmers of various
villages to collect the village information to find out the problems related to soybean
production. Secondary data is collected from web resources and books. Various statistical
tools like graphical method and pie charts has been used for our research purpose and
analysis of data has been used.

Findings- Various villages agricultural data has been obtained in prescribed format. Farmers
are unaware about the advanced technology and improved seeds. They are mostly depended
on rainfall for irrigation as they have tube well only. Soybean is grown in large amount in the
area but mustard is not grown alone and in fewer amounts. They are made aware about the
company’s plant and are attached directly with the company so that they can sell their
produce directly to company.

5
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.No. TOPIC PAGE NO.

1. Executive summary 8

2. Introduction 10

2.1 History 10

2.2 Company profile 11

2.3 Business interests of Jaypee group 15

2.4 Work culture in Jaypee 17

2.5 Jaypee Rewa soya processing unit 18

3. Justification of the study 19

4. Research objectives 20

5. Description of the project 21

6. Research methodology 31

7. Observation and findings 32

8. Summary 34

8. Conclusion 35

9. Recommendations and suggestions 36

12. References 37

13. Annexure 38

6
JAYPEE REWA PLANT

7
 Executive Summary

Jaiprakash Associates, best known for its presence in the construction and hydroelectric
power sectors, plans to process and market edible oil under its own brand as part of a surprise
foray into the agribusiness segment. The Delhi-based group plans to invest Rs 80 crore
initially in the venture that will process soya and mustard oil and produce oil cakes, all of
which will be sold under its own brands.

The company, which is targeting annual revenue of Rs 400 crore from the business by FY12,
did not explain the synergies between the edible oils business and its mainstay infrastructure
businesses, merely disclosing that the oil processing plant will be set up in Rewa in Madhya
Pradesh where it has a strong presence in the power and cement sectors.

“The plan is to procure oil seed from the farms in 100-km radius of Rewa. We want to turn
Rewa into the most potent force in soya farming and ensure that farmers get the best price,”
said Manoj Gaur, executive chairman of Jaiprakash Associates.

The growth prospects of the edible oil business in India have attracted interest from private
equity and hedge funds. Baring Private Equity Partners Asia had picked up an 8.86% stake in
KS Oils for Rs 90 crore in 2007. Citigroup Venture Capital International also owns a stake in
KS Oils.

The group with interests in cement, construction, real estate, hotel and power sectors has its
biggest cement plant in Rewa in Madhya Pradesh and has also two more thermal power
plants under construction in the state. The oil processing unit, which will have a capacity of 1
lakh tonnes per annum each for mustard and soya oil, will commence production in
November 2010.

8
The group’s foray into edible oil will pit it against the likes of groups such as KS Oils, Adani
Wilmar, Ruchi Soya, ITC, NDDB, Cargill and the Bhaskar Group. Its proposed brands —
whose names Mr Gaur declined to reveal — will compete with NDDB’s Dhara, Adani’s
Fortune, Agro Tech’s Sundrop, Cargill’s NatureFresh and Bungee’s Dalda. Madhya Pradesh,
Rajasthan and Maharashtra are the major producers of edible oil, with MP accounting for
almost half of total domestic soya produce. India consumes around 13 million tonnes of
edible oil per annum, which includes 5.5 million tonnes of imported oil.

The rapid increase in demand for edible oil has prompted several players to expand
processing capacity, leading to difficulties in seed procurement during the off-season, which
extends for up to six months a year for both soya and mustard. The government allows
import of edible oil, but not of oil seed.

So, during the off season, oil processing companies have to simultaneously contend with
high seed prices and cheap oil imports. For local edible oil companies, there is an attractive
export market for oil cakes — a by-product of oil processing, which is used as cattle feed.

Jaypee is going to establish a Soya processing plant in Rewa (M.P). For the supply of raw
materials like soybean and mustard, it has decided to directly link with farmers to get raw
materials at cheaper rate and according to demand. So it has decided to deal with the
problems related to soybean production. That is why, it is conducting a survey to know about
the current soybean production, problems related to soybean production, soil status, farmers
view and make them aware about there perspective and their plan to establish soya
processing plant and link directly with the farmers for soybean supply.

9
 Introduction

History

Jaypee Group is an infrastructure conglomerate with diverse business interests ranging from
Engineering and Construction, Cement, Private Hydropower, Hospitality, Information
Technology, and Real Estate Development to Expressways and highways.

The founder of Jaypee Group is Jaiprakash Gaur, who started as a civil contractor in 1958. In
1979, Jaiprakash Associates Private Ltd (JAPL) was formed. In 1980, Jaypee Group entered
into Hospitality sector and set up Hotels Siddharth and Vasant Continental. In 1983, Jaypee
Rewa Cement Plant (JRCL) was established with an initial capacity of 1 million tones. In
1986, Jaiprakash Industries Limited (JIL) was formed by amalgamating JAPL into JRCL. In
1992, Jaiprakash Hydro Power Ltd (JHPL) and Jaiprakash Power Venture Ltd. (JPVL) were
formed. In 1996, Jaypee Bela Cement Plant (JBCP) was established with an initial capacity
of 1.9 million tones. In 2000, JRCL and JBCP were merged to form Jaypee Cement Ltd.
(JCL). In 2003, Jaiprakash Associates Ltd. (JAL) was formed by merging JIL with JCL.

In 2005, shares of JHPL were listed on BSE/NSE and JHPL became the first Hydropower
Company to be publicly held and listed in IndiaWith a single minded focus in mind, to
achieve pioneering myriads of feat in civil engineering Shri. Jaiprakash Gaur, Founder
Chairman of Jaiprakash Associates Limited after acquiring a Diploma in Civil Engineering in
1950 from the University of Roorkee, had a stint with Govt. of U.P. and with steadfast
determination to contribute in nation building, branched off on his own, to start as a civil
contractor in 1958, group is the 3rd largest cement producer in the country. The groups
cement facilities are located in the Satna Cluster (U.P), which has one of the highest cement
production growth rates in India.

10
Company profile

Purpose
Vision
“As a group, we are committed to strategic business development in infrastructure, as the key
to nation building in the 21st century. We aim to achieve perfection in everything we
undertake with a commitment to excel. It is the determination to transform every challenge
into opportunity; to seize every opportunity to ensure growth and to grow with a human
face.”
Mission
“Our solitary Mission is to achieve Excellence in every sector that we operate in - be it
Engineering & Construction, Cement, Real Estate or Consultancy. To augment our core
competencies and adopt the most comprehensive modern technology to overtake the
obstacles in our path of achievement. To obtain sustainable development and simultaneously
enhancing the shareholders value and fulfilling our obligations towards building a better
India".

Environment policy

Jaypee group believes that harmony between the man and his environment is the prime
essence of healthy life and living. The sustenance of our ecological balance is therefore of
paramount importance. The Group recognizes its joint responsibility with the Government
and the Citizens to protect and preserve the environment.

The Group is thus, committed to making its operations environmentally acceptable, on a

scientifically established basis, while fulfilling customers’ requirements for excellent quality,
performance and safety. As such, the group has evolved an Environmental Policy the aim of
which is to do all that is reasonably practicable to prevent or minimize, the risk of an adverse
environmental impact arising from our business operations while working with, in and
around the Nature.

11
Corporate Governance
Corporate Governance is a concept in the heart of which lies the immutable principles which dictates
the essence on which a company should ethically conduct the affairs of the business. Ethics connote
the commitment of the company towards its shareholders / stakeholders, creditors, business
associates, the state and the employees at large. Strong Corporate Governance is indispensable to a
resilient and vibrant corporate entity. The principles on which the good corporate governance is based
are simple principles of fairness, transparency and accountability.
Broadly speaking, Corporate Governance denotes the following:

Direction and control of the affairs of a company;

Establishing a system whereby directors of companies are entrusted with responsibilities and duties in relation to the direction of a
company's affair;

A system of structuring, operating and controlling a company with specific aims of fulfilling the long-term strategy goal of the owners;

Consideration and care for the interest of the employees;

Taking account of the needs of the environment and the local community;

Maintaining excellent relations with both customers and suppliers;

Maintaining proper compliance with all the applicable legal and regulatory requirements;

A system of accountability primarily directed towards the shareholder in addition to maximising the welfare of shareholders.

As mandatory under Clause 49 of the Listing Agreement, the company has complied with the
conditions of Corporate Governance by establishment of a framework for compliance with the SEBI
regulations.

Last but not the least, “as a Group we remain committed to strategic business
development in infrastructure, as the key to nation building in the 21st century. We aim
for perfection in everything we undertake and we have a commitment to excel. It is the
determination to transform every challenge into opportunity; to seize every opportunity to
ensure growth and grow with human face; that drives us”.

12
Management

Board of Directors

The Board of Directors of the company have envisioned the organisation to new heights. The company is well
managed under the foray of these individuals :

Shri Jaiprakash Gaur, Founder Chairman

Shri Manoj Gaur, Executive Chairman & CEO

Shri Sunil Kumar Sharma, Executive Vice Chairman

Shri S K Jain, Vice Chairman

Shri A K Sahoo (LIC Nominee)

Shri K P Rau (IDBI Nominee)

Shri R N Bhardwaj

Dr. B. Samal

Shri V.K. Chopra

Shri Pankaj Gaur, Jt. Managing. Director (Construction)

Shri Sunny Gaur, Managing. Director (Cement)

Shri R K Singh, (Whole-time)

Shri Ranvijay Singh, (Whole-time)

Shri Shyam Datt Nailwal, (Whole-time Director)

Dr. J. N. Gupta

List as on : June, 2010

Company Secretary
Shri H. K. Vaid
President (Corporate) Company Secretary

13
Achievements
Year 2010

“Infrastructure Leader of the Year ” award being conferred to Shri Jaiprakash Gaur, Founder Chairman by Shri
Kamal Nath, the Union Minister of Road Transport and Highways during the Essar Steel Infrastructure
Excellence Awards 2010 in association with CNBC TV18.

Year 2009

Jaypee Rewa Plant, Jaypeenagar and Jaypee Bela Plant, Jaypeepuram (Both Units of Jaiprakash Associates
Limited) were awarded Five Star Rating by the British Safety Council, London, U.K. for Health and Safety
Management System.

11th F L Smidth Energy Award 2009 for reduction in Thermal Energy in clinker (Jaypee Bela Plant); Minimum
auxiliary power consumption in thermal generation (Jaypee Bela Plant – CPP); Minimum Plant heat rate in
thermal generation (Jaypee Rewa Plant - CPP); Minimum auxiliary power consumption in thermal generation
(Jaypee Rewa Plant - CPP) were awarded by Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh Cement manufacturers
Associations to Jaiprakash Associates Limited (Cement Division).

Year 2008

“Entrepreneur of Year Award” being conferred to Shri Jaiprakash Gaur, Founder Chairman for his exceptional
contribution in Infrastructure & Construction sector by Ernst & Young .

FLS (F.L. Smidth) Energy Award 2007 for Maximum percentage reduction in Thermal Energy (Kcal)
consumption per kg of Clinker production over year 2005-06 (Jaypee Rewa Plant) & Minimum % of Auxiliary
power consumption with respect to Thermal power generation in M.P. ,Chhattishgarh states in the year 06-07
(Jaypee Bela Unit, Captive Power Plant, 2006-07)

National Safety Award for the year 2006 to Jaypee Rewa Plant for longest Accident Free Period.

14
Business Interests of Jaypee Group

Cement

Jaypee Group is the 4th largest cement producer in the country. It produces Ordinary
Portland Cement and Pozzolana Portland Cement under the brand names "Buland" and
"Buniyad". The group has plants at Rewa, and Bela. Jaypee Group is poised to achieve
cement production capacity of 20 MTPA by the year 2009.

Real Estate Development

Jaypee Group is developing real estate in Greater Noida. Its property, Jaypee Greens, is
spread over an area of 450 acres. It comprises golf resorts, villas, townhouses, penthouses,
condominiums, studio apartments.

Hospitality

The group owns and operates four Five Star Deluxe hotels through Jaypee Hotels Limited, a
subsidiary company and is a significant player in north of India. All the hotels enjoy the
patronage of most illustrious of the families, businessmen leaders and dignitaries from
around the world. This leading chain of deluxe hotels in India offers luxurious
accommodation, exquisite dining facilities, interesting leisure options and a pleasant
environment to provide a comfortable stay for our esteemed guests.
Information Technology

The Group’s InfoTech arm JIL Information Technology Limited (JILIT) specializes in
providing services in the area of:

• IT Infrastructure Management
• Software Development & Consultancy
• Multimedia Services
• Content Management, Security & Delivery

15
Expressway
India has the world’s second largest road network, aggregating over 3.34 million kilometers.
The Group has entered into construction of expressways with the Yamuna Expressway
project – a 165 km access controlled 6 lane super expressway between Greater Noida and
Agra on Build – Own – Transfer basis

Civil Engineering

Jaiprakash Associates Ltd., the flagship company of the Group, is a pioneer in construction
of river valley and hydropower projects on turnkey basis in India. Jaypee Group has executed
13 Hydropower projects spread over 6 states of India and neighboring Bhutan to generate
10,290 MW of power.

Hydropower

Jaypee Group ventured into hydropower in 1992, with the formation of Jaiprakash Hydro
Power Ltd (JHPL) and Jaiprakash Power Venture Ltd. (JPVL).

Thermal Power

Jaypee Group has formed a Joint Venture company with Madhya Pradesh State Mining
Corporation Limited (MPSMCL) to undertake coal production and sale of coal from coal
block/blocks which might be allotted to MPSMCL. The company is called Madhya Pradesh
Jaypee Minerals Limited. The company has plans to set up 1000 MW Thermal Power Plant
in Madhya Pradesh.

Transmission System

Jaiprakash Hydro-Power Limited has plans to venture into the development of transmission
systems with the Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd (PGCIL).

16
Work Culture in Jaypee
The Jaypee work culture is both social and interactive, and there’s always an ultimate goal of
high performance. There is a strong emphasis on networking and knowledge sharing with
others to ensure that we work better as an organization, and we provide an ample opportunity
to innovate – ideas at all levels are welcomed and given the chance to show their worth.
People are recognized as key to the company’s future, and so there is a major emphasis put
on professional development, diversity, inclusion and health and safety.
Jaypee Group through an exhaustive Project Work named ‘Project Eagle’ undertook an
exercise of understanding and synchronizing the unique culture of the organization under
(‘Indradhanush’) the ‘Jaypee Way of Life’. Through this exercise evolved a set of seven
values as under:
COLLECTIVE WISDOM which displays values such as Identifying Situations & People,
Utilizing Knowledge, Arriving at a course of action, Result achievement etc.
EXCELLENCE IN PERFORMANCE displays Resource Optimization, Cost
Effectiveness, Encouraging Innovation, Continuous Learning and Growth etc.
HUMANCE FACE exhibits Empathy, Finding Solutions, Compassion and Maintaining
Relationship etc.
CONVICTION exhibits Passion, Optimism, Belief in Self & Team, Decision Making.
COMMITMENT displays Loyalty, Sense of Ownership, Pro-activeness, and
Uncompromising on Values etc.
LEADERSHIP WITH EXAMPLE displays Setting Right Precedence, High Degree of
Involvement and Clarity of Mind & Moral Courage.

These values in alignment with seven colors of the rainbow (‘Indradhanush’) are being
cascaded in the entire Cement Division to achieve replication amongst all members of the
human resource. It is being institutionalized and will help all old and new employees to
understand and adopt the philosophy

17
Jaypee Rewa Soya Processing Unit

Jaypee group is going to start Adarsh Soya Processing unit where is to be known as Jaypee
Rewa Soya Processing unit.
Jai Prakash Associate ltd., Jaypee nagar (Rewa) is planning that every farmer must be directly
linked to the company for soybean and mustard supply for the Jaypee Rewa soya processing unit,
Village- Chizwar.
In processing unit, 300 metric ton Soybean/Mustard will be utilized from which 54 metric ton
oil and 240 metric ton food elements will be manufactured.
90000 metric ton Soybean / Mustard raw materials will be required for processor plant yearly.
In India, M.P. is highest Soybean growing state whose share is 54%.
So 50 thousand ton yearly Soybean and 6 thousand ton Mustard every year is produced in Rewa
which is 0.86% Soybean and 0.80% mustard share of State.
Growth of soybean in district is something 5-6 quintal per hectare. This is less then 40% of other
pars of the state.
Growth of Mustard is also 3 quintal per hectare. This is also less then 30% of other state.
Company is going to construct Kisan bhavan near the Jaypee soya plant for directly purchasing
soybean and mustard from farmer.
Also company is planning to purchase soybean directly from farmers in villages and pay them
immediately.
Jaypee is also planning to give information about improved seeds and advanced technology to
the farmers for increasing production.
Jaypee is also planning to take help of agricultural scientists for improving soybean production in
the district and also train the farmers with the help of them.

18
 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY

Jaiprakash Associates, best known for its presence in the construction and hydroelectric power
sectors, plans to process and market edible oil under its own brand as part of a surprise foray into
the agribusiness segment. The Delhi-based group plans to invest Rs 80 crore initially in the
venture that will process soya and mustard oil and produce oil cakes, all of which will be sold
under its own brands.
The company is targeting annual revenue of Rs 400 crore from the business by FY12. Jaypee
group is going to start Adarsh Soya Processing unit where is to be known as Jaypee Rewa Soya
Processing unit.
The plan is to procure oil seed from the farms in 100-km radius of Rewa. We want to turn Rewa
into the most potent force in soya farming and ensure that farmers get the best price,” said Manoj
Gaur, executive chairman of Jaiprakash Associates. Jai Prakash Associate ltd., Jaypee
nagar(Rewa) is planning that every farmer must be directly linked to the company for soybean
and mustard supply for the Jaypee Rewa soya processing unit, Village- Chizwar.
In processing unit, 300 metric ton Soybean/Mustard will be utilized from which 54 metric ton
oil and 240 metric ton food elements will be manufactured.
90000 metric ton Soybean / Mustard raw materials will be required for processor plant yearly.
For the supply of raw materials like soybean and mustard, it has decided to directly link
with farmers to get raw materials at cheaper rate and according to demand.
So it has decided to deal with the problems related to soybean production. That is why, it
is conducting a survey to know about the current soybean production, problems related to
soybean production, soil status, farmers view and make them aware about there perspective
and their plan to establish soya processing plant and link directly with the farmers for
soybean supply.
The rapid increase in demand for edible oil has prompted several players to expand processing
capacity, leading to difficulties in seed procurement during the off-season, which extends for up
to six months a year for both soya and mustard. The government allows import of edible oil, but
not of oil seed.

19
 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

• Meeting with farmers, Sarpanch, Patwari and Secretary of the villages to make them
aware about J.R.S.P.U. objective.
• Collection of village data in prescribed format supplied by Soya project extension unit.
• Distribution of published pamphlet of J.R.S.P.U.
• To find out the problems related to soybean production.
• To find out the places from where farmers obtain the agro-input products and where they
sell there produce.
• To select a suitable service provider from each village on the basis of survey based on
peoples profile.
• To collect soil sample for getting information about low soybean production and to study
the soil profile.
• To find out status of soybean and mustard in market of M.P.

SOYABEAN

20
 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT IN BRIEF

Soyabean and its products are highly nutritious, containing up to 45 per cent high-quality
protein, 22 per cent oil, 5 per cent minerals and vitamins. This crop can be grown for high
productivity and profitability in many parts of M.P. and there is a huge market for soy
products. In spite of all this, its cultivation has not been taken up on a large scale.

Some farmers who started growing it a few years ago have also stopped. Generally less than
one ton/hectare (t/ha) because farmers tend to grow this crop under any type of land/water-
use conditions, without realizing that high productivity can be possible only on specific kinds
of soils and by following specific crop-soil-input (seed, water, fertilizer, pesticide, energy)
management technologies. In addition, unorganized market and low/unstable prices relative
to the competing rice crop (having assured market with MSP) have been discouraging.

Mustard/Rapeseed oil is the third largest edible oil produced in the world after Soy oil and
Palm oil. At a production level of 13-14 million tons, it accounts for about 12% of the total
World's edible oil production. However the export trade has come down, due to the
dominance of other oils like palm and Soya, which have become comparatively cheaper. The
share has come down to almost 3% from the earlier figures of about 5% (of the total 30
million tons of edible oils.

The production and consumption of this oil has been growing at the rate of 4.65% and 5.03%
respectively (compound growth over the last decade). On crushing rapeseed or mustard, oil
and meal are obtained. The average oil recovery from the seed is about 33%.

21
Overview of Soybean and Mustard along with its Marketing and Financial aspects

A cream-colored oval bean about the size of a common pea, Soy Beans belongs to the
legume family and is native to East Asia. It is an important protein source for millions of
people for over five thousand years. It can be grown on a variety of soils and a wide range of
climates.

In India Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh are the major
producers of soybeans. Madhya Pradesh tops the list. Nearly 88% of soyabean is produced in
the state. During 1997-98 total soyabean production in the state was 49.19 metric tonnes
which was about 84.2% of the total produce. Approximate figs.) India World % Share (In
million tons) Annual Seed Production 6 180 3 Annual Oil Production 1 30 3.3 Annual Oil
Imports 1.5 9 16.7 Annual Oil Consumption 2.5 30 8.3 Annual Meal Production 3.5 130 3.5
Annual Meal Exports 2.5 43 5.8 Annual Meal Consumption 1 130 0.7. Approximate figs.)

India World % Share (In million tons) Annual Seed Production 6 180 3 Annual Oil
Production 1 30 3.3 Annual Oil Imports 1.5 9 16.7 Annual Oil Consumption 2.5 30 8.3
Annual Meal Production 3.5 130 3.5 Annual Meal Exports 2.5 43 5.8 Annual Meal
Consumption 1 130 0.7India has price advantage as Indian Soya meal is still cheaper when
compared with the American or Brazilian Soya meal which costs about US$275-300 per
metric ton. The Indian Soya meal costs around US$260-270 per metric ton. No other country
produces cheaper Soya meal than India, which contains high protein content of around 48%.
Moreover, it is not Genetically Modified (GM).

22
Indian scenario
Soyabean
In the recent past, soybean cultivation has increased manifold as compared to any other
oilseed crop in India and stands next only to groundnut, though commercial production of
soybean began only in 1971-72. Soybean production is mainly confined to Madhya Pradesh
(also known as soyabean bowl of India), Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh,
Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.
The soybean crop is grown mainly in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and
Rajasthan. About 53 per cent of the cropped area under this crop falls in Madhya Pradesh.
For the last six years, soybean has been witnessing growth in terms of acreage and it now
stands at 88.50 lakh ha. In 1989-90, the production of soybean seeds was mere 18.05 lakh
tonnes, which increased to 54 lakh tonnes in 2001-02 and which decreased to 43 lakh tonnes
in 2002-03. It is only in 2003-04 that production recovered with record of 69.32 lakh tonnes
of soybean seeds, there after the production fell to 61.26 in 2004-05. However, production
rose in consecutive years after 2004-05 and now (2007-2008) it has significantly increased to
94.73 lakh tonnes, an all time record. Similarly, the yield per hectare declined from 1,074 kg
per hectare in 2003-2004 to 927 kg Per hectare in 2006-07. The yield rose sharply in 2007-08
to 1070 kg per hectare just short of the all-time record yield of 1074 kg per hectare in 2003-
04. Studies revealed that good seeds and better practices could deliver yield of the order of
three tonnes per ha which could place India’s total production around 15 million tonnes.
Thus, there is ample scope of increasing the production. Non-availability of short duration
high yielding, good quality seed on adequate scale are the major constraint in achieving
higher productivity.
Only limited seed varieties are available and production of quality seed is also limited.
Further, low and unbalanced use of chemical fertilizers is another major factor for poor yield
of soybean crop. As, the country is in short supply of edible oil and about 50 per cent of our
edible oil consumption is fulfilled by imports of different vegetable oils, there is a dire need
to promote the production of oilseeds like soybean.

23
Mustard

Mustard has been a traditionally important oilseed crop in the country. Its production has been
fluctuating in the range of 4.6-5 million tons over the last few years. The average production in the
country in the last decade has been around 5.3 - 5.4 million tons. About 1.5 lakh tons is retained
for sowing and direct consumption as 'seed', leaving about 4.8-5.1 million tons for crushing and
extracting oil. It is a major Rabi crop. Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh are the major rapeseed
producing States in the country. Together, they produce about 50% of the crop Rapeseed/Mustard
is one of the major sources of oil and meal to India. It supplies over 1.5 million tons of oil and 3-
3.2 million tons of meal.
Being an important source of edible oil and feed meal to the country, rapeseed is undoubtedly the
focus of Indian oilseed industry. Efforts are being made both by the Government of India and the
industry associations to increase production of this vital source of edible oil and meal.

Sites/zones
Since high productivity can be obtained only when grown under specific soil and water
management systems, identification of sites/zones specifically suitable for this crop is of
paramount importance. Suitability is ensured when the soil tests loam to clay-loam, medium
to high in organic matter and fertility, permeable, well drained/deep water-table, non-
saline/non-alkali (not even recently reclaimed salt-affected soils), well structured and very
low (or without) in concretions. Saline water is not suitable. The M.P. Remote Sensing
Centre Rewa, state development/ extension agencies and soil-testing laboratories can great
try help in identifying zones and making recommendations.

The focus should be on the development of state-of-the-art post-harvest handling (crop

maturity standards, drying, grading, packaging, transportation), processing (all parts of the
plant), branding development and well-organized market infrastructure (including market
promotion and intelligence). A few innovative quality/high-value soybean-products (fresh
and processed) may be treated as extreme-focus items and promoted for exports.

24
 Table
Soils of the State

No.of
S.No. Type of Soils Area and % Name of Districts
Districts

Shallow & 3.06 m.ha.

1 3 Betul, Chindwara and Seoni
Medium Black (9.86%)

Narsingpur, Hosangabad, Harda, Shahdol,

Umaria, Jabalpur, Katni, Sagar, Damoh,
Vidisha, Raisen, Bhopal, Sehore, Rajgarh,
Deep Medium 16.21 m. ha. Ujjain, Dewas, Shajapur, Mandsaur,
2 30
Black (52.95%) Neemach, Ratlam, Jhabua, Dhar, Indore,
Khargone, Barwani, Khandwa, Guna
(Partly), Shivpuri (Partly),Datia (Partly)
and Sidhi (Partly)

3 Alluvial Soil 3.35 m. ha. 4 Gwalior, Morena, Sheopurkala, Bhind

(10.90%)

Mandla, Dindori , Balaghat, Rewa, Satna,

Mixed Red & 8.11 m. ha. Panna, Chatarpuur, Tikamgarh, Shivpuri
4 8
Black Soil (26.39%) (Partly), Guna (Partly), Datia (Partly) and
Sidhi (Partly).

Location Analysis - Soils of MP

The State has 4 different soil types available in four distinct parts. The western and central
regions are covered by medium and deep soils constituting 53% of the soil area. The eastern
part of the State is primarily covered by black soils which comprises of 25-26% of the total
geographical area.

25
 II

IV

I
III

I Medium & Deep Soils II Alluvial Soils

Shallow & Medium Black

III Soils IV Black Soils

Black Soils (26.39%) found in many district like Balaghat, Rewa, Satna, Panna,
Chhatarpuur, TikamgaMarh, Shivpuri. (Partly), Guna (Partly), Datia(Partly), and
Sidhi(Partly)

Cultivation

In India Madhya Pradesh (M.P.) is the leading state in producing soyabean followed by
Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. On average, Madhya Pradesh produces 74 percent
of India's total soyabean crop; Maharashtra, 13 percent; and Rajasthan, 10 percent.

26
Cultivation of soybean in India was first started in Punjab and UP in 1969. But farmers did
not take interest in its cultivation as the per acre production was low due to high moisture
contents there .On the other hand it became a popular crop in MP as most of its cultivated
area is rain-fed and availability of irrigation water is comparatively very less. Its production
had been increasing year after year in the country as it continues to fetch lucrative prices to
the farming community.
Yield of soybean in India still lags behind from its major producers in the world however
Indian soybean is considered best in quality due to its Non GMO nature and rich protein
content. Thus export demand is usually very high of Indian soy DOC. MP is the main
soybean producing state in India. With onset of monsoon in mid June soybean’s sowing
starts and fresh arrivals are seen from October. In 2006-07, total production was nearly 47
lakh ton while during 2007-08, production was nearly 50 lakh ton. It is expected to increase
to 57 lakh ton during 2008-09 as per sources.

Soyabean
 Climate: warm & moist climate
 Soil: Well drained and fertile sandy loam soil, with a pH between 6.0-7.5,
 Temperature: mean temperatures of 20 °C to 30 °C.
 Irrigation: generally does not require any irrigation during kharif season.
 Planting: May- September
 Rainfall: 60-65 cm of annual rainfall
 seed rate of 65 to 75 kg / ha is recommended
Mustard
 Climate: Mustard is cultivated in most temperate climates. It is also now grown in
certain tropical and sub-tropical regions as a cold-weather crop.
 Sowing period: October-November
 Harvesting period: February - March

27
Global soyabean crop calendar

28
Products of soyabean

 Soya oil: used mostly for production of vegetable oil & wide variety of non-food
products like soap etc.
 Soya flour: used to increase the shelf-life of many products and improve the co lour
 Soya protein: used in various cheese & other milk and meat substitute products
 Soya meal: About 98 percent of soybean meal is used as a feed ingredient in mixed
rations for poultry, hogs, and beef and dairy cattle. The remainder is used for human
food or industrial products.
Products of Mustard
 Mustard Oil
 Mustard Powder
Other products.

Soybeans are also used in industrial products including oils, soap, cosmetics, resins, plastics,
inks, crayons, solvents, and clothing. Soybean oil is the primary source of biodiesel in the
United States, accounting for 80% of domestic biodiesel production.]Soybeans have also
been used since 2001 as fermenting stock in the manufacture of a brand of vodka.

Factor influencing soyabean and mustard market

• Weather at all the producing centers, domestic and international. The pod bearing period,
being the most crucial.
• Area planted, determined by the price of soybean against that of competitive crops, viz.,
maize, jowar, bajra.
• International price movement, the futures market at CBOT being the major international
reference market.
• Pests and diseases.
• Supply-demand and price scenario of competitive oils, viz., palm oil.
• Demand for Soya meal from the feed sector
• Crush margin between meal, oil and seed.

29
 Factors influencing the prices of soybean and mustard

• Various supply-demand factors revolving around the global edible oil scenario.
• The seasonal nature of the production
• Its high susceptibility to natural fallacies
• Wide consumption of its derivatives (oil and meal)
• The nature of the existing supply
• The present dependence on the other edible oils
• Oilseeds traded in the country and abroad
• The ups and downs in production
• Arrivals in the mandi
• International prices of other oilseeds and oils
• Heavy presence of speculators and stockies

Share of state in soybean

Mustard producing states in India

• Rajasthan
• Uttar Pradesh
• West Bengal
• Madhya Pradesh
• Punjab

30
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A research design is the arrangement of condition for collection and analysis of

data in a manner that to, combine relevance to research purpose with economy in
procedure.
Research Design: - Research design is conceptual structure within which research
is conducted. It constitutes the blue print of collection, measurement and analysis
of data. Research Design is needed because it facilitates the smooth sailing of
various research operations, thereby making research as efficient as possible
yielding maximum information with minimum time, effort and money. Research
Design stands for advance planning of methods to be used for collecting relevant
data and techniques to be used in the analysis .The design helps researcher to
organize his ideas whereby it will be possible for him to look for flaws and
inadequacies.

Method of data collection: - For collecting data and the accuracy of facts, complete
enumeration was used. For collecting the data, survey method is used in which information is
collected in prescribed format of the questionnaire from around 10-15 farmers from each and
every village.
Data Analysis: - I have the done the data analysis as per the format given to me by company.
I collect the data from farmers and sarpanch.
Sample size: - Sample size was around 191 farmers.
Sources of primary and secondary data:
Interviewing the farmers and recording in prescribed questionnaire prescribed by the
company directly collects primary data. Secondary data is collected from various sites.
The major aim of the project was to analyze status of soybean and mustard
cultivation in M.P. Therefore I had to get considerable information about soyabean
and mustard. For this I had to go through a lot of secondary data.

31
 OBSERVATIONS AND FINDINGS

Following are the observations that come out of the survey.

VILLAGE SURVEY LIST

S.NO  VILLAGE  TOTAL  TOTAL  TOTAL  NUMBER  SOURCE OF 

NAME  CULTIVATED  AREA  AREA  OF  IRRIGATION 
AREA  UNDER  UNDER  FARMERS 
SOYBEAN  MUSTARD  SURVEYED 

1  SUKHWAR  102.5  80  80  12  TUBEWELL 

2  TIKIYA TOLA  54  38  38  10  TUBEWELL

3  LAPTA  481.5  274  274  12  TUBEWELL

4  PURAINI  244  196  196  13  TUBEWELL
5  DUBHA  82.5  63  63  14  TUBEWELL
6  SAAV  299  244  244  12  TUBEWELL
7  KARHAIYA  59  40  40  13  TUBEWELL
8  HINAUTA  403.5  403.5  403.5  13  TUBEWELL
9  MAU  106  78.5  78.5  15  TUBEWELL
10  BIDA  156  125.5  125.5  15  TUBEWELL
11  BHAMAURI  226.5  148.5  148.5  14  TUBEWELL
12  HARDI  130.5  109.5  109.5  15  TUBEWELL
13  DHARI  36  25  25  12  TUBEWELL
14  KHAMARIYA  51.5  34.5  34.5  8  TUBEWELL
15  MADHI  114.5  80  80  13  TUBEWELL
TOTAL  15  2547  1940  1940  191  TUBEWELL 

Total villages surveyed-15

Total farmers surveyed- 191
Total agricultural land- 2547 acres
Total land under soybean and mustard- 1940 acres
Source of irrigation- Tube well

32
 LIST OF SOIL SAMPLE
S.No. Name of farmer Village Name Number of sample Soil colour
1. SHRI NIPENDRA CHATURVEDI LAPTA 1 BLACK

2. DILIP KUMAR TIWARI PURAINI 1 BROWN

3. SHRI INDRA MAULI PANDEY HARDI 1 BLACK

4. SHRI BABU LAL SINGH KARAHIYA 1 BROWN

5. SHRI RAM PRASAD MADHI 1 BROWN

6. SHRI RAM DAYAL VERMA TIKIYA TOLA 1 BLACK

7. SHRI RAM PRASAD TIWARI BHAMAURI 1 BLACK

8. SHAMBHU SINGH SUKHWAR 1 BLACK

9. SATNARAYAN KUSHWAHA MAU 1 BLACK

10. LAKHAN SINGH HINAUTA 1 BROWN

11. BHAIYAJEE PATHAK SAAV 1 BLACK

12. MOHAN LAL DWIVEDI BIDA 1 BLACK

13. RAGHVENDRA SINGH KHAMARIA 1 BLACK

AND
YELLOW

14. RAJENDRA PRASAD DWIVEDI DUBHA 1 BLACK

AND
YELLOW

15. SHRI RAM SIROMANI TIWARI HARDI 1 BLACK

• Total no. of village -15 , Total no. of sample-15

Mostly soil is black in colour and very fertile for soybean production.

33
 SUMMARY
Compared to other major soybean growing states, such as the Maharashtra, Rajasthan, AP,
and Karnataka. M.P has first position. Mustard is also best crop in M.P. but several other
factors that give rise to the comparatively low yield. It is important to note that these other
states, in general, cultivate soybean varieties with growing periods of a minimum of six
months. The most common varieties in M.P on the other hand, are grown during the
relatively short monsoon season, and have maturity durations of not more than 100 days.
However, there are several other factors that give rise to the comparatively low yield.

• Water stress is likely to be a significant factor. Adequate moisture is vital at critical

growth periods of soybean, but mostly farmers here depend on rainfall. Only tubewell
is a source but most of poor farmers can not afford it. Canal irrigation has just started
in some regions which must be concentrated on.

• Inefficient use or lack of access to inputs such as seed, fertilizers and pesticides limits
productivity. A lack of weed control measures means the soybean crop is often highly
infested with weeds.

• The soybean crop is often affected by diseases, for example, rust, and yellow mosaic
virus. Farmers very rarely use any plant protection measures, and there is little seed
replacement or adoption of improved varieties.

• Soybean sowing is often done hurriedly with the onset of monsoon without the
desired level of cultivation. Inadequate tillage exacerbates the weed problem. Water-
logging in low-lying fields leads to stunted growth and nitrogen deficiency.

• Machine harvesting may not be possible due to water logging, which means
premature or delayed harvesting is common.

• Credit facilities for small farmers are inadequate for appropriate investments, as well
as a insufficient knowledge dissemination.
In spite of these problems, there are several reasons that farmers continue to grow soybean
in Madhya Pradesh.

34
 CONCLUSIONS
Main problem with the production of soybean in Rewa is –
 Lack of irrigation facilities- Some of the rich farmers have tube well but most of
the farmers are completely depended on rainfall for soybean production.
 Lack of proper knowledge- Farmers are not aware about the advanced technology
and developed hybrid seeds, which can increase their production foretold.
 Lack of benefit- Farmers say that they are not getting good price of their produce
from selling them in to various mandi and government.
 Less yield- farmers say that they do not get the optimum production then the amount
of soybean seeds they sow or area utilized. So they do not get the desired profit.
 Soybeans can be cultivated on fallow land, they are more profitable than other
Kharif crops, they have a stable price and well-organized markets, and there are
efficient government schemes such as the ‘Technology Missions for Oilseeds’ that
promote soybean crops.
Furthermore, alternative Kharif crops, e.g. cotton, sugarcane, sorghum, maize, can be
completely destroyed by excess moisture, while soybean is more tolerant. Farmers opt for
the low risk soybean over high-risk crops.

Soybean continues to be the preferred Kharif crop for farmers in Madhya Pradesh due to its
high net returns, and this explains the continuing increase in its area of cultivation in
Madhya Pradesh as well as in other states. Mustard is also important crop in M.P.

However, soybean production in Madhya Pradesh is far from optimum. Better knowledge
on improved agriculture practices, as well as increased availability and affordability of farm
inputs, is required. In addition, there was some evidence from the field that long-term
soybean production is reducing soil health and increasing problems of pests. This effect
could become more pronounced in the future if inefficient soybean cultivation techniques
continue.

35
 RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

Following are some of the recommendations and suggestions to the company for getting
continuous soybean and mustard directly from the farmers-

 The company must be directly attached to the farmers to obtain soybean and mustard
directly from them at cheaper prices. For this, they must approach directly to villages and
appoint a person directly from the village for the purpose.
 Proper knowledge with the help of agricultural scientists must be given to the farmers
about advanced technology and improved seeds to increase production.
 Help must be provided to farmers for farming like microfinance, seeds and fertilizer supply
etc.
 The company must open collection centers near to villages or a collection center for group
of every five to six villages.
 Every person like patwari, sarpanch and other respective persons of the villages must be
contracted to attain continues soybean and mustard supply.
 If company can help farmers for irrigating their fields in any way, it must help.

36
 REFRENCES

Books and articles-

 Malhotra Naresh K.(2008), “Marketing Research”, Dorling Kindersley, India.
 Business today -GREEN AND TULL , Marketing Research
 Directorate of Agriculture, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal.
 Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Jabalpur.

Websites
 www.wikipedia.org
 www.google.com
 www.mpmandiboard.com
 www.mp.nic.in/agriculture/seed.htm
 www.mp.nic.in/agriculture/markfed.htm

37
 ANNEXURE

FIG 1- COLLECTING SOIL SAMPLE FROM VILLAGE

FIG 2-DOING SURVEY

FIG 3-QUETIONAIRE FORMAT

38
39
TABLE 1-LIST OF TOTAL AREA/TOTAL CULTIVATED AREA AND
NUMBER OF FARMERS OF VARIOUS VILLAGES

S.NO  VILLAGE  TOTAL  TOTAL CULTIVATED  TOTAL NUMBER OF 

NAME  AREA  AREA  FARMERS 
1  SUKHWAR  316  309  799 
2  TIKIYA TOLA  49.09  32.4  72 
3  LAPTA  226.48  145.65  195 
4  PURAINI  560.47  505.32  323 
5  DUBHA  140  137  565 
6  SAAV  409.45  329.35  335 
7  KARHAIYA  139.73  126.5  115 
8  HINAUTA  576  542  569 
9  MAU  302  286.15  270 
10  BIDA  1246  1080.1  612 
11  BHAMAURI  343.95  301.19  232 
12  HARDI  668.89  581.1  366 
13  DHARI  343  321  1304 
14  KHAMARIYA  244  219  1199 
15  MADHI  192.14  142.35  178 

40
 TABLE-2 LIST OF SERVICE PROVIDERS
S.No Name of Service Provider Village Name Educational Age Contact
. Qualification No.
1. SHRI NIPENDRA CHATURVEDI LAPTA GRADUATE 52 9424655570

2. DILIP KUMAR TIWARI PURAINI L.L.B 30 9827607766

3. SHRI INDRA MAULI PANDEY HARDI GRADUATE 38 9203208512

4. SHRI BABU LAL SINGH KARAHIYA GRADUATE 46 9907390339

5. SHRI RAM PRASAD MADHI HIGHER SEC. 50 9329521199

6. SHRI RAM DAYAL VERMA TIKIYA TOLA HIGHER SEC. 59 9406904445

7. SHRI RAM PRASAD TIWARI BHAMAURI HIGHER SEC. 57 9200737396

8. SHAMBHU SINGH SUKHWAR HIGHER SEC. 70 9827321577

9. SATNARAYAN KUSHWAHA MAU M.A 39 9617801952

10. LAKHAN SINGH HINAUTA HIGHER SEC. 50 9203005837

11. BHAIYAJEE PATHAK SAAV GRADUATE 40 9229684148

12. MOHAN LAL DWIVEDI BIDA HIGHER SEC. 50 9893800162

13. RAGHVENDRA SINGH KHAMARIA M.A 55 9753621762

14. RAJENDRA PRASAD DWIVEDI DUBHA B.A 45 9893270213

15. SHRI RAM SIROMANI TIWARI HARDI GRADUATE 65 9993395593

41
 TABLE 3-LIST OF SARPANCH, SECRETARY AND PATWARI OF
VARIOUS VILLAGES

S. VILLAGE  SARPANCH  MOB  SECRETARY  MOB NO  PATWARI  MOB 

N NAME  NO  NO 
O 
1  SUKHWAR  SATNARAYAN    ASHOK K  920036 DAYANAND   
KUSHWAHA  PATHAK  2703  URMALIYA 
2  TIKIYA  PRAMOD    RAJ    PARTHESHWA 94243
TOLA  TIWARI  BAHADUR  R PANDEY  36688 
SHARMA 
3  LAPTA  MANOJ  95890 LAKHPAT    SEEMA  88712
SHUKLA  12014  YADAV  MISHRA  47026 
4  PURAINI  SHISHMADHI    RAM SHARAN    VIREENDRA  94251
SEN  KOL  TIWARI  85860 
5  DUBHA  PRAMOD K    RAJBAHADUR    VIRENDRA  94251
TIWARI  TIWARI  TIWARI  85860 
6  SAAV  GUDIYA SAKET    RAVENDRA    RAMAYAN  94243
SHUKLA  PANDEY  37329 
7  KARHAIYA  RAJESH    ASHOK    ASHOK TIWARI  99816
KUSHWAHA  KUSHWAHA  60235 
8  HINAUTA  SMT. ATITHI    NARENDRA    SANTOSH  97545
SINGH  SINGH  SHUKLA  66502 
9  MAU  SATNARAYAN    ASHOK K  920036 DAYANAND   
KUSHWAHA  PATHAK  2703  URMALIYA 
10  BIDA  ANITA VERMA    RAM LAKHAN    SANTOSH  97545
NAMDEV  SHUKLA  66502 
11  BHAMAURI  KAMLATA    PREMLAL    RAMAYAN  94243
SINGH  SEN  PANDEY  37329 
12  HARDI  SUSHILA SEN    MAHENDRA    RAMAYAN  94243
SHARMA  PANDEY  37329 
13  DHARI  KIRAN SINGH    RAVENDRA    PAWAN  92294
SHUKLA  RAWAT  31154 
14  KHAMARIY SHESHMADHI    RAMSHARAN    VIRENDRA   
A  SEN  KOL  TIWARI 
15  MADHI  ABHAY RAJ    REENA  990739 PARTHESHWA 94243
ADIVASI  SHUKLA  7285  R PANDEY  36688 

42
FIG 4-ROUTEMAP

43
 TABLE 4-VILLAGE SURVEY LIST

S.NO  VILLAGE  TOTAL  TOTAL  TOTAL  NUMBER  SOURCE OF 

NAME  CULTIVATED  AREA  AREA  OF  IRRIGATION 
AREA  UNDER  UNDER  FARMERS 
SOYBEAN  MUSTARD  SURVEYED 

1  SUKHWAR  102.5  80  80  12  TUBEWELL 

2  TIKIYA TOLA  54  38  38  10  TUBEWELL

3  LAPTA  481.5  274  274  12  TUBEWELL

4  PURAINI  244  196  196  13  TUBEWELL
5  DUBHA  82.5  63  63  14  TUBEWELL
6  SAAV  299  244  244  12  TUBEWELL
7  KARHAIYA  59  40  40  13  TUBEWELL
8  HINAUTA  403.5  403.5  403.5  13  TUBEWELL
9  MAU  106  78.5  78.5  15  TUBEWELL
10  BIDA  156  125.5  125.5  15  TUBEWELL
11  BHAMAURI  226.5  148.5  148.5  14  TUBEWELL
12  HARDI  130.5  109.5  109.5  15  TUBEWELL
13  DHARI  36  25  25  12  TUBEWELL
14  KHAMARIYA  51.5  34.5  34.5  8  TUBEWELL
15  MADHI  114.5  80  80  13  TUBEWELL
TOTAL  15  2547  1940  1940  191  TUBEWELL 

Total villages surveyed-15

Total farmers surveyed- 191
Total agricultural land- 2547 acres
Total land under soybean and mustard- 1940 acres
Source of irrigation- Tubewell

44
 TABLE 5-LIST OF SOIL SAMPLE
S.No. Name of farmer Village Name Number of sample Soil colour
1. SHRI NIPENDRA CHATURVEDI LAPTA 1 BLACK

2. DILIP KUMAR TIWARI PURAINI 1 BROWN

3. SHRI INDRA MAULI PANDEY HARDI 1 BLACK

4. SHRI BABU LAL SINGH KARAHIYA 1 BROWN

5. SHRI RAM PRASAD MADHI 1 BROWN

6. SHRI RAM DAYAL VERMA TIKIYA TOLA 1 BLACK

7. SHRI RAM PRASAD TIWARI BHAMAURI 1 BLACK

8. SHAMBHU SINGH SUKHWAR 1 BLACK

9. SATNARAYAN KUSHWAHA MAU 1 BLACK

10. LAKHAN SINGH HINAUTA 1 BROWN

11. BHAIYAJEE PATHAK SAAV 1 BLACK

12. MOHAN LAL DWIVEDI BIDA 1 BLACK

13. RAGHVENDRA SINGH KHAMARIA 1 BLACK

AND
YELLOW

14. RAJENDRA PRASAD DWIVEDI DUBHA 1 BLACK

AND
YELLOW

15. SHRI RAM SIROMANI TIWARI HARDI 1 BLACK

• Total no. of village -15 , Total no. of sample-15

45
  

Table – 6 

Soil Fertility Status of state 
Availability
No. of
S.No. Nutrients Of District Name
Districts
nutrients
N Low Mandsaur, Neemach, Dhar, Indore,
1 P Medium 13 Ratlam, Dewas, Shajapur, Vidisha, Sehore,
K High Rajgarh, Bhind, Guna and Datia.
N Low
2 P Low 4 Jabalpur, Katni, Balaghat, Chhindwara.
K High
N Low
3 P Low 2 Seoni, Satna.
K Medium
N Medium
Mandla, Dindori , Panna, Tikamgarh,
4 P Low 7
Chhatarpur, Hoshangabad, Harda.
K High
N Medium
Narshinghpur, Shahdol, Umariya. Sidhi,
5 P Medium 6
Dhar, Jhabua.
K Medium
N Medium
6 P Medium 1 Sagar
K Low
N Low
7 P Medium 3 Damoh, Morena, Sheopurkalan.
K Medium
N Medium
8 P Low 2 Rewa, Betul
K Medium
N Medium
Khargone, Barwani, Khandwa, Bhopal,
9 P Medium 5
Raisen.
K High
N Low
10 P High 2 Gwalior, Shivpuri
K Medium

46
 Table – 7
District wise Consumption of Fertilizer (Kg./ha.)
during 1999-2000
District Kharif Rabi Annual Average
Jabalpur 21.87 54.05 41.69
Katni 17.43 56.65 36.30
Mandla 11.56 9.93 10.99
Dindori 3.10 0.89 2.36
Balaghat 3.10 24.78 32.74
Chhindwara 34.99 58.76 30.64
Seoni 12.15 17.99 14.37
Narsinghpur 19.05 43.66 33.19
JABALPUR DN. 18.58 37.59 26.02
Sagar 15.52 47.11 35.97
Damoh 8.54 28.86 20.59
Panna 12.62 33.44 26.18
Chhatarpur 12.49 56.39 37.86
Tikamgarh 11.00 104.65 56.21
SAGAR DN. 12.29 52.30 36.07
Rewa 12.61 52.68 42.54
Satna 14.10 85.94 40.52
Sidhi 13.45 16.72 15.47
Umariya 3.67 28.61 9.01
Shahdol 3.77 38.65 16.66
REWA DN. 13.12 44.41 26.94
Indore 50.38 147.53 92.92
Dhar 57.26 80.15 64.37
Jhabua 31.47 9.54 26.26
Khargone 78.50 191.34 95.59
Badwani 48.17 88.84 54.78
Khandwa 44.57 147.70 65.00
INDORE DN. 52.71 107.80 66.91
Ujjain 35.08 79.14 53.56
Ratlam 88.10 88.88 88.40
Mandsaur 54.51 59.38 56.47
Neemuch 54.48 104.00 75.03
Dewas 32.70 92.97 55.22
Shajapur 29.62 75.04 47.55
UJJAIN DN. 46.44 80.81 60.07
Gwalior 147.24 85.06 98.55

47
TABLE 8-Yearwise comparison of Productivity of soyabean and mustard in M.P.
(Area:000'ha.,Prod.:000'Tonnes,Yield: kg./ha.)
1998-99 1999-2000 2000-01
Crops
Area Prod. Yield Area Prod. Yield Area Prod. Yield

Soyabean 4541 4615 1016 4440 4743 1068 4243.0 3254.3 767
Kharif Oilseeds 5021 4911 978 4960 5025 1013 4749.5 3554.6 748
Rape/Mustard 592 544 918 626 625 998 447.9 360.1 804
Total Oilseeds 5866 5547 946 5824 5745 986 5380.1 3968.5 738

Table : 9
Year-wise increase in area under cultivation and production of Soyabean

Area under cultivation Total production (1000

Year Productivity (kg/ha)
(1000 ha) tonne)
1963-64 - - -
1964-65 4 2 393
1965-66 33.4 14.8 438
1980-81 239 97 406
1985-86 1096.5 829 756
1986-87 1209.5 677.4 0
1987-88 1319.4 741.5 562
1990-91 2149 2184 1016
1999-2000 4439 4743 1068
2000-2001 4475 3431 767

Table : 10
Soybean production by state 2003-2004
Production
States (Million
Metric Tons)
Madhya Pradesh 4.091
Maharashtra 1.559
Rajasthan 0.563
Chattisgarh 0.050
Other States 0.192
Total 6.455

48