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ESL Reported Speech

The document discusses direct and indirect, or reported, speech. Direct speech uses quotation marks to show the exact words spoken. Indirect speech does not use quotation marks and reports the speaker's words instead of using their exact words. When changing direct speech to indirect speech, verb tenses, pronouns, adverbs of time, and other elements need to be adjusted based on rules like simple present becomes simple past. Indirect speech is used to restate what someone said without using their exact words.

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288 views12 pages

ESL Reported Speech

The document discusses direct and indirect, or reported, speech. Direct speech uses quotation marks to show the exact words spoken. Indirect speech does not use quotation marks and reports the speaker's words instead of using their exact words. When changing direct speech to indirect speech, verb tenses, pronouns, adverbs of time, and other elements need to be adjusted based on rules like simple present becomes simple past. Indirect speech is used to restate what someone said without using their exact words.

Uploaded by

danilyra
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Direct Speech

X
Indirect Speech
You are a liar!

“You are a liar!,” shouted the man.

Direct speech shows you exactly


what the speaker said. Quotation marks
are used in direct speech.
You are a liar!

The man said that he was a liar!

Reported speech reports the speaker’s


words. It doesn’t use the speaker’s exact
words or quotation marks.
In reported speech, the verb often shifts
to a different (past) tense. You must
change verb tenses, pronouns and adverbs
of time to restate someone’s words.

My children are
on vacation!

The use of “that”


is optional

She said (that) her children were on vacation!


Follow these rules for sequence of
tenses in reported speech.
Simple Present Simple Past

I go to school
every day.

She said (that) she went to


school every day.
Simple Past Past Perfect

I graduated
yesterday.

He said (that) he had


graduated the day before.
Present Perfect Past Perfect

I’ve just lost


my car keys.

He said (that) he had


just lost his car keys.
Present Continuous Past Continuous

I’m going to have a


test tomorrow.

He said (that) he was going


to have a test the next day.
Future (will) Would

I’ll buy
another map.

She said (that) she would


buy another map.
Present Modals Past Modals

You must eat all


your food.

She said (that) he had


to eat all his food.

I can cook
very well.

She said (that) she could


cook very well.
3B – unit 11 lesson B
Reported Speech

By Lilian Marchesoni

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