Scribd
Upload
4K views4 pages

Multilingualism

Multilingualism is a sociolinguistic phenomenon where more than one language is involved in a particular region or community. It arises due to factors like wars, trade, religion, education, tourism, media, migration and globalization. While multilingualism offers advantages like improved communication and exchange of ideas, it also faces challenges like slower learning processes and concepts of nation states that promote monolingualism. Overall, multilingualism enriches communities by increasing exposure to diverse thoughts and ideas.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Babar Qureshi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4K views4 pages

Multilingualism

Multilingualism is a sociolinguistic phenomenon where more than one language is involved in a particular region or community. It arises due to factors like wars, trade, religion, education, tourism, media, migration and globalization. While multilingualism offers advantages like improved communication and exchange of ideas, it also faces challenges like slower learning processes and concepts of nation states that promote monolingualism. Overall, multilingualism enriches communities by increasing exposure to diverse thoughts and ideas.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Babar Qureshi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Definition:

Explanation:
Types:
Examples:
Causes of Multilingualism:
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
Factors against Multilingualism:
Factors favoring Multilingualism:
Conclusion:

MULTILINGUALISM

A sociolinguistic situation in which more than one languages are involved, using also language
contact and individual bilingualism.

It is a sociolinguistic phenomenon where more than one language are involved .The person
having command over more than one language is multilingual. It is also the synonym of
polyglot .

Explanation:

History has shown that multilingualism was once a sin in Christianity because ehtere would be
one language in Heaven. But it was a natural phenomenon to learn more and more through
experience in life and it is presumed that each ethnic group has a language of its own ,by virtue
of this difference deserves political autonomy .Linguistic Diversity gave rise to multilingualism.
A Balqan merchant may have spoken a Slavic language in his natal family , but it was in
Turkish that he could most effectively speak to Ottoman tax collectors .

Types:
Egalitarian Multilingualism
Examples :
Hongkong ,Canada,Dubai, Indian Railway Station
Causes of multilingualism:
(1)war
(2)Trade
(3)Religion
(4) Globalization
(5)Education
(6) Tourism
(7)Media
(8)Migration

Advantages:
(1)Interaction
(2) Exposure
(3) Exchange of ideas
(4)Vocabulary
(5) Ease of communication
Disadvantages :

(1) Learning process slowes down


(2) Language Death
Factors against Multilingualism:
(1)Danger to solidarity
(2)Lingua Franca
(3)Concept of Nation States
(4)Repertoires

Favoring Factors:

(1) Pidginisation
(2)Creolisation
(3)Globalization

Conclusion:

Learning of a second language is mandatory. A person highly


proficient in two or more than two languages is his communicative competence, or ability may
not be balanced. Language has been considered as an identity of their ethnicity and races. It is
also seen that every faction in a territory is trying to dominate its own particular language.
Egalitarian multilingualism where language is not the cause of hatred. Canada is multilingual
and multicultural country.
Wars have been very much influential in creating
multilingualism process. For example we see in Crusade Wars where most of the world was
involved against each other .That kind of amalgamation gave birth to multilingualism .Similarly
Afghan Jihad has caused a lot of people to gather at Afghanistan against Russia where
interaction was direly needed and Mujahidin from all over the world learnt many languages.
Economic needs are the basic foundation of interaction
among the people all over the world. No person is self sufficient in this world, he has to borrow
and lend some things from others or to others to lead a balanced life. The people for business
purposes deal one another and buy or sell something they needed. They have a opportunity of
making interaction among different segments.
Education of any field is compulsory for people to learn to
lead life in proper way .Medical side is universal and common to all. A large number of vistas
have been probed by the scientists for the service of humanity. For combined study of science
and technology multilingualism is necessary. Anthropologists have to learn different languages
throughout the world to study different races and research work. Similarly the people who study
cryptography cryptographs learn languages of that locality.

Globalization has changed the manners and an aptitude of


the whole world .|One person has easy approach to everything he desires whenever and wherever
he wants. One feels ease to get food and dress of his choice. Globalization has brought people
more and closer to themselves. That enhances the process of multilingualism process. People
have been forced to learn other language in their locality and jurisdiction.

World is beautiful and is a custom to visit it


wholeheartedly so tourism is promoted in the world that is also the cause of multilingualism.
Tourists when go to the other places they learn their languages within few months.

Media is to be said the fourth pillar of the state and actually it plays its role
in very beautiful way. It has made the people literate and trained them to learn worldwide
languages. Media is trendsetter and sets the minds of people to learn other language.

When a person migrates from one place to other he is forced to the language of
that locality .So migration is the active participator to multilingualism.
We see many benefits of multilingualism in the form of ideas sharing,
enhancing vocabulary, and exploring new vistas of knowledge and vision of multi dimensions.
Communication becomes easy with the choice of new words.
It is also suggested that multilingualism is against the solidarity of a country
because divisions of the countries have been seen on the basis of languages.
When a language is purely out of use and its native speakers are no
more found living is called language death.
A term lingua franca is used to refer to any other language serving as a means of
communication among speakers of different languages, as Urdu in Pakistan and Swahili in east
Central Africa. But the concept of lingua franca is against multilingualism.

Yabem , a language spoken by missionaries .Colonialism and


missionizing produced the current form of trilingualism in which Yabem is used for religious
schooling .
Current European ideals that equate a single language with a single ethnic group value purism
and correctness of linguistic form in leaders and consider language to be the expression of the
group’s spirit, ethos or identity .

For most of Europe ‘s population the hegemony of nation-state


ideology has made monolingualism a symbol of modernity. Like migrants , multilingual speakers
of regional language are often stigmatized – and denigrate themselves – for being traditional of
insufficiently modern , and for the practice of code switching between languages, a practice
which is considered insufficiently pure.

Village’s repertoire are the result of sociolinguistic change on the


Indian subcontinent that has been quite different from that in Europe .In both world regions over
the last two millennia there have been local vernaculars as well as languages of wider
distribution
Europe did political centralization entail the denigration and elimination of local linguistic
practices.
As empires became nation states, powerful efforts were made in |England France Spain to create
monolingual population in accordance with nation state ideology.

An unusual state of affairs in which two different languages or language


varieties are used in a single speech community, with each variety being largely reserved for
certain purposes h variety and L variety. A term used to apply the situation where two or more
groups of speakers who do not have a native language in common are in social contact with one
another. It involves the phenomena like Bilingualism, Code switching, Code mixing, Borrowing,
Pidgin, Creole, , Lingua Franca, language shift , Language death, , Diglossia Code switching
seems to be positive attitude but if someone is reluctant to use code switching he knowingly or
unknowingly tries to camouflage by his attempts to convert elements of one language to other
language Most important , it has demonstrated that the viewpoint of the linguist is not sufficient
for understanding the form and organization of linguistic practices. This goes against the
principles introduced by Ferdinand de Saussure , the founder of modern structuralist
linguistics.He proposed that languages are internally structured units units that can be studied
separately from their social contexts and the cultures of their speakers.
There are often heated debates in multilingual speech communities between those who support
the purity of each language and those who champion the many practices common to such
communities that juxtapose and combine languages. Switching among languages according to
interlocutor and situation is one such practice , as is code switching within a single sentence.
Speakers simultaneously recognize the contrast between languages and also juxtapose or mix
those languages thereby picking out and often increasing their similarities. On the whole we
people favor multilingualism because it gives exposure to thoughts and vastness to ideas .
LONG LIVE PAKISTAN, LONG LIVE ISLAM

You might also like