Babai Surge Analysis 2016june Draft

1.
HYTRAN ANALYSIS REPORT

Preliminary data used for modelling the waterways in Hytran are as follow:
Headworks:
Water Level at Conveyance tank:
Normal Operating level
455
m amsl
4.2
12040
Headrace pipe Length:

Diameter
Length
Minimum friction factor
0.011
Maximum friction factor
0.015
Surge tank:
Pipe center lever at T junction
Permissible downsurge level
Surge tank top level
number of surge tank
412.97
m amsl
421
m amsl
481.46
m amsl
Effective diameter of surge tank
12.5
Inlet diameter
2.00
Ratio of orifice dia to HRP dia
0.48
Diameter
3.85
Length
810
Penstock pipe length:
Minimum friction factor
0.0095
Maximum friction factor
0.012
Pipe center level at end
307.14
m amsl
Turbine:
Rated discharge
Time of closer
22
5
m3/s
s
The model thus setup was executed to find minimum and maximum surge level for different
anticipated worst case scenarios. Following assumption were made during the analysis:
The minimum, normal and maximum water level at reservoir will remain constant.
The pressure at the end of pipe corresponds to the pressure develop at turbine.
Maximum upsurge level was worked out for following two scenarios considering minimum head
loss in waterway (reference IS: 7396 (part 1)-1985):
Case 1: Full load rejection at the highest reservoir level.
Case 2: Specific load acceptance, load acceptance from half to full load, followed by full
load rejection at the instant of maximum velocity in the headrace pipe.
Minimum downsurge level was worked out for following two scenarios at maximum head loss in
waterway (reference IS: 7396 (part 1)-1985):
Case 3: Full load rejection at minimum reservoir level (811.5 m amsl) followed by specified
load acceptance, half load acceptance, at the instant of maximum negative velocity in
headrace pipe
Case 4: Specified load acceptance i.e. half to full load acceptance.
In addition to these cases, sudden closer for valve is conduct as case 5.

The result obtained from the analysis of Hytran model are presented in Table 1-1:
Table 1-1: Comparisons of output for different scenarios.
Cas
e
1
2
3
4
5
Head in
waterways
Max
Min
Surge Tank
Turbine 1
Max
Min
Max
Head
Min
Head
255.07
-4.44
473.3
7
438.69
254.85
97.13
253.44
-5.01
473.5
4
432.98
253.25
97.61
250.12
-5.02
470.9
6
431.85
249.92
89.70
141.34
4.99
449.4
5
429.45
141.24
102.95
261.16
-4.80
473.3
7
438.69
254.58
95.68
Turbine 2
Max
Head
Min
Head
Valve
Max
Head
Min
Head
255.07
97.11
253.62
96.99
253.44
97.58
252.19
97.42
250.12
89.68
248.80
89.52
141.34
101.99
141.34
102.64
254.58
95.68
261.16
95.15
Maximum and minimum water level for surge tank was observed to be 473.54 m amsl and 429.45
m amsl which is graphically presented in Figure 1-1.
Figure 1-1: Maximum and minimum water level variation in surge tank for different cases.
Maximum and minimum pressure head generated for turbine 1 was observed to be 254.85 m and
89.70 m which is graphically presented in Figure 1-2.
Figure 1-2: Maximum and minimum pressure head variation in turbine 1 for different cases.
Maximum and minimum pressure head generated for turbine 2 was observed to be 255.07 m and
Maximum and minimum pressure head generated for valve was observed to be 261.16 m and
1.1. SURGE TANK DIMENSION

The upsurge and downsurge are obtained for maximum reservoir level and minimum reservoir
level.
Surge level
Upsurge level:
473.54 m amsl
Downsurge level:
429.45 m amsl
Freeboard
Upsurge:
18.54 m
Downsurge:
15.55 m
Freeboard for upsurge: maximum of 10 % of upsurge and 1.5 m

: 1.85 m
Freeboard for downsurge: maximum of 15 % of upsurge and 2 m
: 2.33 m
Submergence
For full load the submergence depth is calculated to be 5.4 m whereas for one-third load is
calculated to be 1.8 m. Since the minimum downsurge level is correspondence to case 4. The
required submergence depth is 5.4 m.
Bottom level of Surge tank:
=Downsurge level Freeboard for downsurge Submergence-Pipe diameter
=429.45-2.33-5.4-4.2
=417.52 m amsl
Top level of Surge tank:
=Upsurge level + Freeboard for upsurge

=473.54+1.85
=475.39 m amsl
1.2. PRESSURE ENVELOP FOR PIPE ALIGNMENT

The pressure envelop for the different nodes are tabulated in Table 1-2 and results are graphically
presented from Figure 1-5 to Figure 1-8. These values should be used to check/design the
thickness of the penstock pipe and anchor block/thrust block.
Table 1-2: Pressure and Head envelop from Hytran analysis.
SN
Chainage
Description
RL
Maximum
HGL
Minimum
HGL
449.1
1
0.00
Tunnel inlet
Tunnel
275.9
2
12.29
Tunnel
26.56
1,495.50
Tunnel
33.94
2,111.50
Tunnel
39.02
2,727.40
Tunnel
40.36
3,343.40
Tunnel
41.40
3,959.40
Tunnel
42.44
4,575.30
Tunnel
43.46
10
5,191.30
Tunnel
44.36
11
5,807.20
Tunnel
45.20
12
6,423.20
Tunnel
46.09
13
7,039.20
Tunnel
47.01
14
7,655.10
Tunnel
48.01
15
8,271.10
Tunnel
49.05
16
8,887.10
Tunnel
50.60
17
9,503.00
Tunnel
51.26
18
10,119.00
Tunnel
54.01
19
10,734.9
Tunnel
454.42
460.59
449.67
472.67
441.10
478.58
441.99
481.80
442.28
481.30
441.94
480.49
440.41
479.68
440.86
478.84
441.15
477.90
440.26
476.89
439.24
475.93
438.94
475.00
438.30
474.15
437.33
473.34
436.40
473.04
435.67
471.85
434.55
472.75
433.34
474.97
432.13
(5.02
444.6
(2.64
442.8
(0.51
440.9
1.0
439.1
1.3
437.2
3.6
435.4
5.7
433.5
6.7
431.7
7.5
429.8
9.1
428.0
10.3
426.1
11.1
424.3
12.1
422.4
13.2
420.6
13.9
418.7
416.9
455.08
1.3
446.5
1,002.70
Minimum
Head
5.3
5.98
448.3
Maximum
Head
14.6
58.08
15.2
4
415.0
20
11,350.90
Tunnel
Surge Tank
Penstock
Penstock
Penstock
Penstock
Penstock
Penstock
Turbine 1
Turbine 2
Valve
12,040.8
21
22
15.8
60.13
60.59
77.72
82.62
413.0
12,263.2
12,311.30
411.4
12,521.9
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
157.75
183.33
254.56
427.51
521.47
410.95
540.13
401.64
547.81
398.75
561.70
396.90
254.85
561.99
396.84
255.07
562.21
396.82
261.16
568.30
396.66
89.7
89.7
307.1
12,881.4
493.88
34.2
307.1
12,854.7
428.73
19.2
307.1
12,851.4
489.13
7.3
117.82
364.5
12,832.2
429.57
16.2
382.4
12,724.3
473.56
17.3
403.6
12,662.9
430.91
16.6
411.3
23
475.18
89.6
307.1
89.5
Maximum HGL
Minimum HGL
Waterway
Figure 1-5: Pressure head envelop diagram for pipe alignment for turbine 1.
Maximum HGL
Minimum HGL
Waterway
Figure 1-6: Pressure head envelop diagram for pipe alignment for turbine 2.
Figure 1-7: Pressure head envelop diagram for pipe alignment for valve.
Figure 1-8: Head envelop diagram for pipe alignment at each node.

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1.

HYTRAN ANALYSIS REPORT

Headrace pipe Length:

Maximum friction factor

Effective diameter of surge tank

Ratio of orifice dia to HRP dia

Penstock pipe length:

Minimum friction factor

Maximum friction factor

Pipe center level at end

Case 1: Full load rejection at the highest reservoir level.

Case 4: Specified load acceptance i.e. half to full load acceptance.

In addition to these cases, sudden closer for valve is conduct as case 5.

1.1. SURGE TANK DIMENSION

Freeboard for upsurge: maximum of 10 % of upsurge and 1.5 m

=Upsurge level + Freeboard for upsurge

1.2. PRESSURE ENVELOP FOR PIPE ALIGNMENT

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