III Semester

Instruction
Subject
Code

period / week
Name of the Subject

Total
Period
/ Sem

Scheme of Examination
Duration
(hours)

Session
al Marks

End
Exam
Marks

Marks

60

20

80

100

60

20

80

100

60

20

80

100

Digital Electronics

60

20

80

100

EI-305

Electronic Measuring
Instruments

60

20

80

100

EI-306

Process
Instrumentation-I

60

20

80

100

90

40

60

100

45

40

60

100

45

40

60

100

90

40

60

100

24

18

630

280

720

1000

Theor
y

Practical
/Tutorial

Engineering
Mathematics - II

Electrical Machines

Electronic Devices and

Applications

Total

THEORY:

EI- 301
EI -302
EI -303
EI-304

PRACTICAL:
EI-307

Electronic Devices and

applications Lab

EI-308
Digital Electronics Lab
EI-309

Electronic Measuring
Instruments Lab

EI-310

Process
Instrumentation I Lab

TOTAL

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS II
(Common to all Branches)

Subject Title
Subject Code
S.
Major Topic
No

:
:

Engineering Mathematics-II
EIE-301
No of
Weightage
Short Type
Periods
of Marks

Unit - I
1

Indefinite Integration

Essay Type

App

App

18

34

1/2

17

31

1 1/2

15

29

1/2

1/2

10

16

60

110

2 1/2

2 1/2

Marks:

15

12

25

25

30

Unit - II
2

Definite Integration
and its applications
Unit - III

Differential Equations
of first order
Unit - IV

Statistical Methods
Total

Periods per week

Periods per Semester

:
:

R: Remembering type

40 marks

U: Understanding type

37 marks

App: Application type

04
60

33 marks

OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of the subject the student shall be able to
Unit-I
1.0
Use Indefinite Integration to solve engineering problems
1.1
Explain the concept of Indefinite integral as an anti-derivative.
1.2
State the indefinite integral of standard functions and properties of Integrals (u + v)
dx and ku dx where k is constant and u, v are functions of x.
1.3
Solve integration problems involving standard functions using the above rules.
1.4
Evaluate integrals involving simple functions of the following type by the method of
substitution.
i)
f(ax + b) dx where f(x) dx is in standard form.
ii)
[f(x)]n f (x) dx

1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8

iii) f (x)/[f(x)] dx
iv) f {g(x)} g (x) dx
Find the Integrals of tan x, cot x, sec x and cosec x using the above.
Evaluate the integrals of the form Sinm Cosn . d where m and n are positive
integers.
Evaluate integrals of powers of tan x and sec x.
Evaluate the Standard Integrals of the functions of the type

1
1
1
, 2
, 2
2
2
a x a x x a2
1
1
1
ii )
,
,
a2 x2
a2 x2
x2 a2
i)

iii ) x 2 a 2 ,
1.9

x2 a2 , a2 x2

Evaluate the integrals of the type

a bSin d , a b cos d and a cos b sin c d

1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13

Evaluate integrals using decomposition method.

Evaluate integrals using integration by parts with examples.
State the Bernoullis rule for evaluating the integrals of the form
Evaluate the integrals of the form ex [f(x) + f (x)] dx.

u.vdx

Unit-II
2.0
Understand definite integral and use it in engineering applications
2.1
State the fundamental theorem of integral calculus
2.2
Explain the concept of definite integral.
2.3
Calculate the definite integral over an interval.
2.4
State various properties of definite integrals.
2.5
Evaluate simple problems on definite integrals using the above properties.
2.6
Explain definite integral as a limit of sum by considering an area.
2.7
Find the areas under plane curves and area enclosed between two curves using
integration.
2.8
Obtain the volumes of solids of revolution.
2.9
Obtain the mean value and root mean square value of the functions in any given
interval.
2.10 Explain the Trapezoidal rule, Simpsons 1/3 rules for approximation of integrals and
provide some examples.
Unit -III
3.0
Solve Differential Equations in engineering problems.

3.1
3.2
3.3

iii.

iv.
3.4

Define a Differential equation, its order, degree

Form a differential equation by eliminating arbitrary constants.
Solve the first order first degree differential equations by the following methods:
i.
Variables Separable.
ii.
Homogeneous Equations.
Exact Differential Equations
iv.
Linear differential equation of the form dy/dx + Py = Q,
where P and Q are functions of x or constants.
Bernoullis Equation (Reducible to linear form.)
Solve simple problems leading to engineering applications

Unit -IV
4.0
Use Statistical Methods as a tool in data analysis.
4.1
Recall the measures of central tendency.
4.2
Explain the significance of measures of dispersion to determine the degree of
heterogeneity of the data.
4.3
Find the measures of dispersion range, quartile deviation, mean deviation, standard
deviation for the given data.
4.4
Explain the merits and demerits of the above measures of dispersion.
4.5
Express relationship between measures of dispersion
4.6
Find the coefficient of variation
4.7
Explain bivariate data.
4.8
Explain the concept of correlation between two variables and co-varience.
4.9
Explain coefficient of correlation and its properties
4.10 Calculate the coefficient of correlation between two variables.
4.11 Find rank correlation co-efficient.
COURSE CONTENT
Unit-I
Indefinite Integration:
1. Integration regarded as anti-derivative Indefinite integral of standard functions. Properties
of indefinite integral. Integration by substitution or change of variable. Integrals of the form
sinm. cosn . where m and n are positive integers. Integrals of tan x, cot x, sec x, cosec x
and powers of tan x, sec x by substitution.
Evaluation of integrals which are reducible to the following forms :

1
1
1
,
,
a2 x2 a2 x2 x2 a2
1
1
1
ii )
,
,
a2 x2
a2 x2
x2 a2
i)

iii ) x 2 a 2 , x 2 a 2 , a 2 x 2
4

Integration by decomposition of the integrand into simple rational, algebric functions.

Integration by parts , Bernoullis rule.
Unit-II
Definite Integral and its applications:
2. Definite integral-fundamental theorem of integral calculus, properties of definite integrals,
evaluation of simple definite integrals. Definite integral as the limit of a sum. Area under
plane
curves Area enclosed between two curves. Volumes of solids of revolution.
Mean and RMS
values of a function on a given interval. Trapezoidal rule, Simpsons 1/3
rule to evaluate an
approximate value of a define integral.
Unit -III
Differential Equations:
3. Definition of a differential equation-order and degree of a differential equation- formation of
differential equations-solution of differential equation of first order, first degree: variableseparable, homogeneous, exact, linear differential equation, Bernoullis equation.
Unit IV
Statistical Methods:
4. Revise measures of central tendency, measures of dispersion: range, quartile deviation,
mean
deviation, standard deviation for the given data, merits and demerits, relationship
between
measures of dispersion, coefficient of variation, bivariate data, concept of
correlation, covariance,
coefficient of correlation and its properties, rank correlation coefficient.

Reference Books:
1. Integral Calculus Vol.I, by M.Pillai and Shanti Narayan
2. Thomas Calculus, Pearson Addison Wesley Publishers
3. Statistical Methods Vol.I, Das, Tata McGraw-Hill
4. Statistics, 4/e, Schaums Outline Series (SIE), McGraw-Hill

Subject Title

ELECTRICAL MACHINES
Electrical Machines

Subject Code
Periods / Week
Periods / Year

:
:
:

EIE-302
4
60
TIME SCHEDULE

Sl.
No.

Major Topics

Periods

Weightage

Short
questions

Essay
questions

DC Machines

18

29

Transformers

10

26

InductionMotors

12

26

Alternators & Synchronous

Motors

12

21

Special Type Motors

08

Total

60

110

10

OBJECTIVES
Upon the completion of the course student shall be able to:
1.0 Comprehend the working of D.C. machines:
1

Draw a legible Sketch of a D.C. Machine and label its parts.

List the materials used for each part

Explain the simple lap and wave windings

Explain the principle of working of a D.C. generator

Derive the equation for EMF of a generator

Solve simple problems on EMF equation.

Classify D.C. Generators.

Explain the principles of separate and self excited D.C Generators.

Distinguish between series, shunt and compound types of D.C. generator.

10

List the Various applications of D.C Shunt, series and compound Generator.

11

Explain the principle of operation of a D.C. motor.

12

State the significance of back e.m.f of a D.C. motor

13

State the relationship between supply voltage, back e.m.f and current.

14

Explain the torque equation of a D.C. motor.

15

Solve simple problems on torque equation.

16

List the applications of Shunt, Series and Compound motors.

17

State the need for a starter

18

Explain the working of a 3 point starter with a legible sketch.

19

List the methods of speed control of D.C. motors.

20

Explain the speed control of a D.C.Motor by

(i) armature voltage method (ii) field current method.

21

2.0

List different types of losses in a D.C. Machine.

Comprehend the working of Transformers:

Explain the constructional features of a 1- transformer.
2.2

List the types of 1- transformers

2.3

Give the salient features of the different types of 1- transformers.

2.4

Explain the principle of working of a 1- transformer.

2.5

Derive the EMF equation of a 1- transformer.

2.6

Solve problems on EMF equation.

2.7

State the various losses in a 1- transformer.

2.8

Explain O.C and S.C tests on a 1- transformer.

2.9

Define efficiency of a transformer

2.10

Derive the condition for maximum efficiency of a 1- transformer.

2.11

Solve problems on efficiency.

2.12 Explain the theory of 3-phase transformer.

2.13 List and show the connections of 3-phase transformer.
2.14 Explain the working of Auto transformer

3.0

Comprehend the working of Induction Motors:

1

Describe the constructional details of cage type and wound rotor type Induction
motor.

Illustrate the theory of production of rotating magnetic field.

Describe the principle of operation of a three phase Induction motor.

List the advantages and disadvantages of three phase Induction motor.

Define Slip of an induction motor

State the relation between rotor frequency and slip.

Give the torque equation (no derivation).

Explain slip-torque characteristics curves of an induction motor.

List the various losses of an Induction motor.

10

Give the condition for maximum efficiency of an Induction motor (no derivation).

11

Solve problems on output power.

12

Sketch the two types of starters (D.O.L. & Star-Delta) used for Induction motors.

13

List the applications of Induction motors.

14

Explain the working principle of a single phase Induction motor.

15

Sketch the circuit diagrams for capacitor start and capacitor run motor.

4.0 Comprehend the working of Alternators and Synchronous Motors:

1

Explain the basic principle of working of an alternator.

Explain the constructional details of alternators

Define (i) Pitch factor, (ii) Distribution factor of the armature winding.

Derive the EMF equation of an alternator.

Solve problems on EMF equation.

Explain the terms (i) Synchronous impedance and (ii) Voltage regulation of an
alternator.

Explain the principles of operation of a synchronous motor.

Mention the methods of starting a synchronous motor.

4.9
5.0

List the applications of a synchronous motor.

Comprehend the working of Special Type Motors

5.1

Explain the principle of working of

a) Universal motor
b) Stepper motor
c) Repulsion motor
d) Shaded pole motor
5.2

List the applications of special motors

COURSE CONTENTS

1 Comprehend the working of D.C. Machines ; Introduction, energy conversion , D.C

Generator, principle of working ,simple loop generator, construction details of D.C Machine and
materials used for the above said parts, simple lap and wave windings, uses of lap and wave
windings, Expression for the EMF generated, simple problems, different types of D.C.
Generators with diagrams, calculation of generated E.M.F, different types of losses, calculation
of efficiency, condition for maximum efficiency. Principle of operation of D.C. Motor, back EMF
and speed equation. Expression for torque developed, characteristics of D.C. series, shunt and
compound motors, Need of a starter, 3-point starter. Speed control by variation of armature
voltage and excitation.
2 Comprehend the working of Transformers :Working principle, construction of core and
shell type transformers, expressions for the EMF induced in transformer, transformation ratio,
voltage regulation and losses in a transformer, O.C and S.C. tests, calculation of efficiency and
voltage regulation from the O.C. and S.C. test results. Condition for maximum efficiency and
output at maximum efficiency.3-phase transformers (connections), working of Auto transformer.
3 Comprehend the working of Induction Motors: General principle, Constructional features
of a cage type and wound rotor type induction motors. Production of rotating magnetic field.
Slip and synchronous speed, torque-slip characteristics, power stages, efficiency and condition
for maximum efficiency, problems, types of starters, wiring diagrams of D.O.L., star-delta
starters, applications.Singlephase motors, Principle of working of capacitor start and capacitor
run Induction motors.
4. Comprehend the working of a Alternators and Synchronous Motors: Basic working
principle, parts, types (salient pole and non-salient pole machines) E.M.F. equation, problems,
voltage regulation, Synchronous impedance, Operation of synchronous motor, methods of
starting of synchronous motors , applications.
5. Comprehend the working of Special Type Motors: Basic working principles of Universal
motors, Stepper motor, shaded pole motor, Repulsion motor and their applications.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1, Electrical Technology vol.-II,

B.L. Theraja

2. Electrical and electronic measuring instruments A.K. Sahney

ELECTRONIC DEVICES & APPLICATIONS

Subject Title

Electronic Devices & Applications

Subject Code
Periods/Week:

:
04

EI-303

Periods/Semester

60
TIME SCHEDULE

Major topics

No of
periods

Weightage
of marks

Short
Answer
Questions

Essay
Questions

Semiconducto
r Diode

20

34

2 1/2

Transistor

10

26

FET & UJT

10

16

Power
Electronic
Devices

15

26

Introduction to
Ics

1/2

60

110

10

Sl
no.

OBJECTIVESS: On completion of the study of the subject a student shall be able to

1.0 Understand Diodes and its applications
1.1. State the electrical properties of solid Semiconductor materials.
1.2. Sketch the energy level diagrams for conductors, Semiconductors, Insulators.
1.3. Distinguish between Intrinsic and extrinsic Semiconductors.
1.4. Describe the formation of P- type and N-type materials and sketch the energy band
diagrams.
1.5. What are the Majority and Minority charge carriers in P and N Type materials.
1.6. Explain the formation of PN junction diode.
1.7. Describe the working of PN junction Diode with various biasing voltages.
1.8. Sketch the Forward/Reverse Bias Voltage characteristics of diode.
1.9. List the applications of diode.
1.10.
Describe the formation and working of Zener diode.
1.11.
Distinguish between Zener breakdown and Avalanche breakdown.
1.12.
List the applications of Zener diode.
1.13.
Explain working principle and applications of following a) Varactor diode b)
Tunnel diode

10

1.14.
Define rectification.
1.15.
Give the classification of rectifiers
1.16.
Explain the working of Half Wave Rectifier with circuit diagram and waveforms.
1.17.
Give the expression for efficiency, peak inverse value, and ripple factor of Half
Wave Rectifier.
1.18.
Explain the working of Full wave rectifier with circuit diagram and waveforms.
1.19.
Give the expression for efficiency, peak inverse value, ripple factor of Full Wave
Rectifier
1.20.
State the need of filters.
1.21.
Classify different types of filters.
1.22.
Draw and explain the working of clipper and clamper circuits using diodes.
1.23.
Draw and explain the operation of simple Zener regulator.
2.0 Understand the working of Transistor
2.1 Explain the formation of transistor.
2.2 Draw the construction symbols and circuit symbols of transistors.
2.3 Explain the working of PNP and NPN Transistors.
2.4 Draw the different transistor configurations (CB, CC, and CE).
2.5 Give the description of CB, CC, CE configurations.
2.6 List the operating regions of transistor.
2.7 Sketch the input/output characteristics of CE configurations.
2.8 Define alpha, beta and gamma factors (Current amplification factors).
2.9 Derive the relationships between alpha, beta and gamma factors.
2.10
Write collector current expression in CB and CE modes of transistors in terms of
,, IB, IC and ICBO, ICEO.
2.11
Compare the performance characteristics of transistor in CB, CE and CC
configurations.
2.12
List the applications of transistor.
2.13
Describe the working of transistor as an amplifier (CE Configuration).
3.0 Understand the working of FETs, UJT
3.1 Give the classification of FETs
3.2 Explain the construction and working of JFET.
3.3 Draw the drain characteristics of JFET.
3.4 Give the expression for intrinsic stand-off ratio.
3.5 List the applications of FET
3.6 List the advantages of JFET over BJT.
3.7 List the types of MOSFETS.
3.8 Explain the principle of operation of MOSFETS (depletion and enhancement type).
3.9 Explain the principle of operation of CMOSFET.
3.10 Explain the working principle of UJT.
3.11 Draw the characteristics of UJT.
3.12 List the applications of UJT.
4.0 Understand the construction and working of Power Electronic Devices
4.1 List different thyristor family devices.
4.2 Sketch the ISI circuit symbols for each device.
4.3 Describe constructional details of SCR.
4.4 Explain the working of SCR
4.5 Explain the Volt-Ampere characteristics of SCR

11

4.6 Draw the Volt-Ampere characteristics of SCR

4.7 List the applications of SCR.
4.8 Draw and explain the battery charger circuit using SCR.
4.9 Explain construction and working of Diac.
4.10 Explain construction and working of Triac.
4.11 Draw the Volt-ampere characteristics of Diac&Triac under forward / Reverse
bias.
4.12 Draw and explain light dimmer circuit using Diac and Traic
5.0 Introduction to Integrated Circuit Devices.
5.1 Define IC
5.2 Compare ICs with discrete component circuits.
5.3 List the types of ICs based on integration (SSI, MSI, LSI, and VLSI)
5.4 List the specifications of ICs.
5.5 Give the concept of differential amplifier.
5.6 Draw the circuit symbol of Operational amplifier.
5.7 Draw the pin diagram of Operational amplifier.
5.8 List the applications of Operational amplifier
COURSE CONTENTS
1. Semiconductor diode: Electrical properties of semiconductor materials, energy level
diagrams of conductor, semi conductor and Insulator. Formation of P-Type and N-Type
materials and their properties. Formation and behaviour of PN junction diode. Zener
diode, Zener breakdown & Avalanche Breakdown. Varactor diode and tunnel diode.
Applications of diodes. Rectification. Half wave rectifier, full wave rectifier. Need of filters,
Clippers & clampers using diodes. Zener diode as voltage regulator.
2. Transistor: Formation and properties of PNP and NPN Transistor, Transistor
configurations, input and output characteristics. , , and factors. Comparison of CB,
CE, and CC configurations. Applications of transistors, transistor as amplifier.
3. FET &UJT: FET- construction, working principle, characteristics, applications. MOSFET
types, working principle, characteristics, applications. UJT- construction, working
principle, characteristics, applications.
4. Power Electronic Devices: Types of power semiconductor devices SCR, Triac, Diac,
- Construction, Working principle of all devices, symbols and applications.
5. Introduction to Integrated Circuits: Integrated circuits (ICs), types of ICs,
Specifications of ICs, Differential amplifier, Operational amplifier, applications.

12

DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
Subject Title

Digital Electronics

Subject Code

EI-304

Periods/Week:
Periods/Semester

04
:

60
TIME SCHEDULE

Sno

Major topics

No. of
periods

Weight age
of marks

Short
Answer
Question
s

Essay
Questions

Basics of Digital
Electronics

12

26

Combinational Logic
circuits

12

26

Sequential Logic Circuits

16

29

Registers and Memories

10

16

A/D and D/A converters

10

13

60

110

10

Total

OBJECTIVES
On completion of the study of the subject a student should be able to comprehend the following:
1.0

Know the basics of Digital Electronics

1.1
Explain Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal number systems and compare with decimal
system.
1.2

Convert one number system to another of the above systems.

1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6

Perform binary addition, subtraction, Multiplication and Division.

Write 1s complement and 2s complement numbers for a given binary number.
Perform subtraction of binary numbers in 2s complement method.
State the use of codes in digital Electronics and computers.

13

1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22

Compare weighted and Un-weighted codes.

Write Binary equivalent number for number in 8421, Excess-3 and Gray code
and vice-versa.
Explain the use of alphanumeric codes (ASCII & EBCDIC)
Explain the importance of parity Bit.
Explain the types of parity bits
State different postulates in Boolean algebra.
Write Boolean expressions for the given statement of the problem (Limited 3
variables only).
State De-Morgans theorems.
Apply De-Morgans theorems and other postulates to simple Boolean
expressions.
Write Boolean expressions from the given truth table.
Use Karnaugh map to simplify Boolean Expression (up to 3 variables only).
Explain AND, OR, NOT operators with truth table.
Explain the working of an exclusive OR gate with truth table.
Explain the working of NAND, NOR gates using truth tables.
Develop AND, OR, NOT operations using NAND, NOR gates.
List the numbers of two input Digital IC Logic gates.

2.0

Understand the working of combinational logic circuits

2.1
State the function of the Half-adder.
2.2
Draw Half adder circuit using Exclusive OR gate and an AND gate.
2.3
Show that two Half-adders and an OR gate constitutes a full-adder.
2.4
Realise a Half-adder using NAND gates only and NOR gates only.
2.5
Draw a 4 Bit parallel adder using full adders.
2.6
Explain the working of the above circuit.
2.7
Draw and Explain 2s compliment parallel adder/ subtractor circuit.
2.8
Explain the working of a serial adder with a Block diagram.
2.9
Compare the performance of series and parallel adder.
2.10 Draw and explain the operation 4 X 1 Multiplexer
2.11 Draw and explain the operation 1 X 4 Demultiplexer
2.12 Draw and explain 2 X 4 and 3 X 8 decoders.
2.13 List the applications of MUX and decoders.
2.14 Explain the working of 4 X 2 encoder.
2.15 Draw and explain two-bit digital comparator.

3.0

Understand the working of Sequential logic circuits

3.1
Give the idea of Sequential logic circuits.
3.2
Distinguish between synchronous and asynchronous sequential logic circuits.
3.3
Construct SR flip flop using NAND gates
3.4
Explain JK flip flop with the help of truth table
3.5
Study the need for preset and clear inputs
3.6
Analyse the race around condition
3.7
Explain JK Master Slave flip flop with truth table
3.8
Explain the D flip flop, T flip-flop with the help of truth table and diagram.
3.9
Give an introduction to binary counters
3.10 Differentiate between synchronous and asynchronous counters.
3.11 Give the idea of asynchronous ripple counter with the help of flip-flop states of
the outputs and waveforms.

14

3.12
3.13
3.14

Give the idea of modulo-N counter

Explain the working of Ring counter and its applications
Explain the decade counter.

4.0

Understand working of Registers and memory

4.1
State the need for a Register.
4.2
Explain transfer of data from a Register to Register.
4.3
Explain working of serial in Serial out, serial in Parallel out, Parallel in serial out
and Parallel in parallel out Registers.
4.4
Explain the working of shift left and shift right Registers.
4.5
Explain the working of Universal shift register (74194 or equivalent)
4.6
State the use of shift Register as memory.
4.7
List various types of memories
4.8
Differentiate between ROM and RAM
4.9
Explain basic principle of working of ROM
4.10 State different types of ROM
4.11 Explain basic principle of working of RAM
4.12 Compare static RAM and dynamic RAM
4.13 List different ROM and RAM ICs

5.0

Understand the need for A/D and D/A converters

5.1
State the need for A/D converters.
5.2
State the need for D/A conversion.
5.3
Explain the basic principle of D/A conversion.
5.4
Explain the terms resolution, Accuracy, Monotonicity and settling time of D/A
converter.
5.5
Explain D/A conversion using weighted resistors.
5.6
Explain D/A conversion using R-2R ladder network.
5.7
Explain A/D conversion using counter method.
5.8
Explain A/D conversion using successive approximate method.

COURSE CONTENTS
1.

Basics of Digital Electronics

Binary, Octal. Hexadecimal numbering systems. Conversion from one system to another
number system. Binary codes, excess-3 and gray codes. Logic gates: AND, OR, NOT,
NAND, NOR, Exclusive-OR. Logic symbols. Boolean algebra, Boolean
expressions.Demorgans Theorems. Implementation of logic expressions, Karnaugh
map application, Logic families.

2.

Combinational logic circuits

Implementation of arithmetic circuits, half adder, Full adder, subtraction. Serial and
parallel Binary adder. Parallel adder, Multiplexer, Demultiplexer, decoder, encoder,
Digital comparator

3.

Sequential logic circuits

15

Principle of flip-flops operation, RS, D, JK, T, JK Master Slave flip-flops. Binary counter,
asynchronous ripple counter, synchronous counter, Ring Counter, decade counter.
4.

Registers and memories

Shift Registers- serial in Serial out, serial in Parallel out, Parallel in serial out and Parallel
in parallel out Registers. Universal shift registers-Applications.RAM, ROM, static RAM,
dynamic RAM.

5.

A/D and D/A Converters

Necessity of A/D and D/A converters. Weighted resistors and R-2R ladder method of D/A
converters. Counter and SAR method of A/D converters, applications.

Reference Books
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Modern Digital Electronics By RP JAIN TMH

Digital Electronics Tokhem TMH
Digital Electronics Puri TMH
Digital Computer Fundamentals by Barty
Digital Electronics and logic design by B. Somanathan Nair, PHI
Digital Computer Electronics by Malvino., TMH

16

ELECTRONIC MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

Subject Title

Electronic Measuring Instruments

Subject Code
Periods/Week:
Periods/Semester

:
04
:

EI-305
60
TIME SCHEDULE

S
no
1
2
3
4
5

Major Topics
Analog instruments
Digital instruments
CRO
Signal generators
Test instruments
Total

No. of
periods
13
12
15
10
10
60

Weightage
of Marks
29
26
29
13
13
110

Short
Questions
3
2
3
1
1
10

Essay
Questions
2
2
2
1
1
8

OBJECTIVES: On completion of the study of the subject a student should be able to

comprehend the following.
1.0

Understand the working Analog instruments

1. 1 Classify the analog measuring instruments.
1. 2 List the different torques needed for driving analog instruments.
1. 3 Explain the construction and principle of operation of PMMC instrument.
1. 4 Explain the principle of extending the range of DC ammeter
1. 5 Explain the principle of extending the range of DC voltmeter.
1. 6 Explain the construction and principle of operation of Moving Iron instrument.
1. 7 Explain the principle and working rectifier type voltmeters.
1. 8 Explain the construction and principle of series and shunt type ohmmeters.
1. 9 Explain the working of FET input voltmeter with necessary circuit (DC/AC) and
emitter follower voltmeter.
1. 10 Explain the working of differential voltmeters.
1. 11 Explain the use of Meggar for insulation measurements.
1. 12 Give the classification of bridge circuits.
1. 13 Explain the balancing conditions of bridges (AC and DC).
1. 14 Explain the resistance measurement using Wheatstone Bridge.
1. 15 Explain the inductance measurement using Maxwells Bridge.
1. 16 Explain the capacitance measurement using Schering Bridge.
2.0 Understand working of Digital instruments

2.1

List the advantages of digital instruments over analog instruments.

17

2.2

Explain the working of digital voltmeters (Ramp type, successive approximation type)
with block diagrams.
List the specifications of digital voltmeters.
Explain the working of Digital Multimeter with block diagram.
List the specifications of Digital Multimeter.
Explain the working of digital frequency meter with block diagram.
List the specifications of digital frequency meter.
Explain the working of digital LCR meter with block diagram
List the specifications of digital LCR meter.

2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0

Understand construction, working principle and use of CRO

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11

Draw the block diagram of general purpose CRO and describe the function of each
block.
Sketch CRT and describe the function of different parts.
Explain the necessity of time base generator.
Write the expression for deflection sensitivity.
List the conditions for stationary and flicker free waveforms.
Explain triggered sweep with necessary circuit, and mention its advantages.
Identify the function and use of various controls and terminals of CRO and list its
specifications.
Explain the procedure for measurement of voltage (DC & AC), frequency, phase using
CRO.
Explain the Dual trace oscilloscope with a block diagram.
Give basic principle of Storage oscilloscope with a block diagram.
Give basic principle of Digital oscilloscope with a block diagram.

4.0. Understand the construction, working principle of AF, RF signal generators.

4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7

Explain the working of AF Oscillator (sine & square) with block diagram.
List the front panel controls and specifications of AF Oscillator.
Explain the working of function generator with block diagram.
List the applications of AF oscillators and function generators.
Explain the working of RF signal generator.
List the specifications and applications of RF signal generator.
Explain the importance of shielding in RF generators.

5.0 Understand the construction and working of test instruments

5. 1 Explain the working of Q meter with diagram.
5. 2 Explain the working of digital IC tester with block diagram.
5. 3 Explain the working of logic analyser with block diagram.
5. 4 State the necessity of plotter and recorders.
5. 5 Explain the working of XY recorders.
5. 6 Explain the working of plotter.
COURSE CONTENTS

18

1. Analog instruments:
Basics of Analog instruments, requirements,PMMC Instrument, extending the range of
instruments, Moving Iron Instruments, Series and Shunt type ohmmeter, FET input
voltmeter, Meggar, differential voltmeter, Wheatstone, Maxwell, Schering Bridge.
2. Digital Instruments:
Digital voltmeter (Ramp Type, Successive Approximation Type, Dual slope, Integrating
Type) , Digital Multimeter. Digital frequency meter, Digital LCR Meter.
3. Cathode Ray Oscilloscope:
Block diagram of general purpose CRO, study of different blocks (in detail) sweep
circuits, triggered sweep circuit, controls, specifications, applications, single trace CRO,
dual trace CRO, Sampling CRO, Storage CRO, Digital CRO.
4. Signal Generators
AF oscillator, function generator, RF signal generator and specifications
5. Test instruments:
Q meter, Plotter, Recorders, digital IC tester, Logic analyser.

Reference Books
1. Electronic instrumentation and measurements by David A Bell, PHI
2. Electronic Instrumentation by H S Khalsi,

TMH

Electronic measurements by A K Shaurky

3. Electronic Measurments&Instrumentsby Cooper

PHI

4. Modern Electronic Equipment by Khandpur

5. Electrical, Electronic Measurements and Instruments by Sahney

19

PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION
Subject Title
Subject Code

: PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION
: EI - 306

Periods per Week

: 04

Periods per semester

: 60
TIME SCHEDULE

Sl.
No.

Major Topics

No. of
Perio
ds

Weightage of
marks

Short
Answer
Questions

Essay
Questions

10

16

02

01

15

26

02

02

15

26

02

02

Fundamentals of
Instrumentation
Displacement
and position
measurement
Temperature
measurement

PH
measurement

10

16

02

01

Measurement of
Conductivity,
Humidity

10

26

02

02

60

110

10

1
2

Total

OBJECTIVES
1.1

1.0 Fundamentals of Instrumentation

Define the following terms.
(a) Accuracy
(b) Precision
(c) Error
(d) Linearity
(e) Hysteresis

20

1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

(f) Resolution and scale readability

(g) Threshold
(h) Repeatability
(i) Reliability and maintainability
(j) Span
Understand the concept of calibration
Define transducer.
Give the classification of the transducers.
Give an example to each one of the active and passive transducers.
List the basic requirements of Transducers

2.0

Comprehend the concept of displacement, and position measurements

2.1

Comprehend the principle of the following.

2.2

a. Linear potentiometers
b. Linear variable differential transformers (LVDT)
c. Linear variable Reluctance transducers
Define sensor.

2.3 Explain the principle of Inductive and capacitive proximity sensors for position
measurement.
2.4 Explain the principle of Resistance strain gauge. Write the expression for Gauge factor.
2.5 Comprehend the principle of operation of Rotary variable differential transformer (RVDT).
2.6 Comprehend the importance of vibration monitoring.
2.7 Explain the principle of operation of the following for linear

velocity measurement.

a.Moving coil type velocity transducer

b.Moving iron type velocity transducer
2.8 Explain the principle of operation of the following for angular velocity speed measurement.
a.A.C Tacho generators
b.Photo electric Tachometer
c.Toothed rotor variable reluctance Tachometer.
3.0

Comprehend the necessity and principle of Temperature measurement

3.1

Classification of temperature transducers.

3.2

Explain the principle of operation, range and application of following.

(a)
(b)
(c)

Bi-metal strip
Liquid filled thermometers.
Resistance Temperature Detector

21

(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)

Thermocouple
Thermistor
Radiation pyrometer
Infrared pyrometers
Solid state sensors

4.1

4.0
Comprehend the concept of PH
H
Define P .

4.2

State the principle of PH measurement.

4.3

Describe the measuring and reference electrodes used for PH

4.4

State the effect of temperature on PH

4.5

Explain digital type of PH-meter..

4.6

List the Specifications of digital type of PH- meters.

5.0

Comprehend the concept of conductivity measurement and humidity

measurement

5.1

Define conductivity.

5.2

State necessity of conductivity cells.

5.3

Explain the principle of operation of conductivity meter.

5.4

Define relative Humidity.

5.5

Explain the description and principle of operation of the following.

measurement.

(a) Condensation type Hygrometers

(b) Electrolytic Hygrometers.
COURSE CONTENTS
1.

Fundamentals of Instrumentation
Accuracy, Precision, Error, Linearity, Hysteresis, Resolution, Threshold, Repeatability,
Reliability, Maintainability, Span,, Calibration. Classification of Transducers

2.

Concept of Displacement and Position Measurements

Linear potentiometers, L.V.D.T, linear variable Reluctance Transducers, Inductivity
proximity sensors, RVDT, vibration monitoring, linear velocity measurement, moving coil
type velocity transducers, moving iron type velocity transducers, Angular velocity speed

22

measurements. AC Tachogenerators, Photo electric tachometer, Toothed rotor variable

reluctance tachometer
3.

Temperature measurement
Thermometers, RTD, Thermocouple, Thermistor , Pyrometers ,solidstate sensor.

4.

Concept of PH
PH measurement, Electrodes, Effect of temperature ,Digital type of PH meter, its
specifications

5.

Measurement of Conductivity, Humidity and Moisture.

Necessity of conductivity, conductivity meters, Relative humidity, Condensation type
Hygrometers, Electrolytic hygrometers.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1.

Principles of Industrial Instrumentation By Patranabis.

2.

Industrial Instruments and Control by S.K.Singh

3.

Mechanical Measurements and Control by DS. Kumar

4.

Instrument Engineer Hand Book by Liptack.

5.

Electronics Instruments and Instrumentation Technology by

6.

Instrumentation Measurement, Devices and systems by Rangan Mani and Sharma.

7.

Instrument Technology Vol-I BY E.B. Jones.

8.

Transducers Technology by DVS Murthy.

9.

Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation by Nakra Chowdary.

23

M.M.S. Anand

ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND APPLICATIONS LAB

Subject Title
Subject Code
Periods/Week

Periods/Semester

:
:
06

Electronic Devices and applications Lab

EI307

90

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
NOTE: - On completion of the study of the subject a student should be able to
comprehend the following.
1.

Identify leads and testing of different diodes and transistors

2.

Draw the characteristics of forward and reverse bias of semiconductor diode and
calculate forward and reverse resistance of diode

3.

Draw the reverse bias characteristics of zener diode and find out the zener voltage

4.

Draw the drain characteristics of FET&MOSFET.

5.

Draw the characteristics of UJT

6.

Draw the characteristics of SCR

7.

Measurement of Av, Ai, Zi, Zo of a CE transistor amplifier.

8.

Calculate the efficiency, peak inverse value, ripple factor of Half Wave Rectifiers with

9.

filter and without filter

Calculate the efficiency, peak inverse value, ripple factor of Full Wave Rectifiers with
filter and without filter

10.

Draw the output waveforms of clipper and clamper circuits using diodes

24

List of Experiments with Objectives and Key competencies

S.N
O
1

Name of the Experiment

Objectives

Identify leads and testing

of different diodes and
transistors

1.Identify the diode and transistor

leads
2.Testing of different diodes and
transistors
1.Identification of meters and
equipment
2.Using voltmeter, ammeter
measure voltage and current
3.Interpreting diode datasheet
and finding the specifications of
components used in the
experiment

Identify different
components leads and
testing

1. Identification of meters and

equipment
2.Using voltmeter, ammeter
measuring voltage and current.
3.Interpreting zener diode
datasheets and finding the
specifications of components
used in the experiment
1.Identification of FET,MOSFET
components
2.Identify the leads
3.Draw the Characteristics of
FET and MOSFET

1.Assembling the circuit

as per the circuit diagram
2.Identification of zener
diode terminals
3.Draw the reverse bias
characteristics

To draw the forward &

reverse Characteristics
of silicon diode and
a) Determine knee
voltage,
b) Identify cut-off and
linear regions
c) Using CRO & curve
tracer to observe the
Characteristics
a) To Draw the reverse
bias characteristics of
zener diode and find out
the zener Breakdown
voltage

Key Competencies

1) Assembling the circuit

as per the circuit diagram
2) Identification of diode
terminals
3) Draw the forward and
reverse characteristics

Draw the drain

characteristics of FET &
MOSFET.

Draw the characteristics

of UJT

1.Identification of UJT
2.Identify the leads
3.Draw the Characteristics of UJT

1.Assembling the circuit

as per the circuit diagram
2.Draw the
characteristics

Draw the characteristics

of SCR

Measurement of Av, Ai,

Zi, Zo of a CE transistor
amplifier

1.Identification of SCR
2.Identify the leads
3.Draw the Characteristics of
SCR
1.Identify the transistor leads
2.Connect the CE transistor
configuration
3.Measure the gain and
impedance

1.Assembling the circuit

as per the circuit diagram
2. Draw the
characteristics
1. Familiarisation of CE
configuration.
2. Calculate the
parameters Av, Ai, Zi, Zo

25

1. Assembling the circuit

as per the circuit diagram
2.Draw the drain
characteristics.

10

Calculate the efficiency,

peak inverse value,
ripple factor of Half
Wave Rectifiers with filter
and without filter

1.Connect the half wave rectifier

with diodes
2.Connect the filter and measure
the efficiency, peak inverse value,
ripple factor
3.Remove the filter and measure
the efficiency, peak inverse value,
ripple factor
Calculate the efficiency,
1.Connect the Fullwave rectifier
peak inverse value,
with diodes
ripple factor of Full
2.Connect the filter and measure
Wave Rectifiers with filter the efficiency, peak inverse value,
and without filter
ripple factor
3.Remove thye filter and
measure the efficiency, peak
inverse value, ripple factor
Draw
the
output 1.Connect the clipper/ clamper
waveforms of clipper and circuit with diodes
clamper circuits using 2.Connect the CRO and measure
diodes
the waveform amplitude and
frequency
3.Draw the waveforms

Reference Lab Manual:

1.
Electronic Devices and Circuits By David A.Bell 4th edition, PHI

26

Understand the
Characteristics of
rectified output and
calculate parameters like
PIV, efficiency, ripple
factor
Understand the
Characteristics of
rectified output and
calculate parameters like
PIV, efficiency, ripple
factor
Draw the waveforms of
clipper
and
clamper
circuits

DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB

Subject Title

: Digital Electronics Lab

Subject Code

: EI- 308

Periods/Week

: 03

Periods/Semester

: 45

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Logic gates I - AND, OR, NOT (Using ICs).
2. Logic gates II - NAND, NOR, Exclusive OR (using ICs).
3. Half-adder using IC logic gates.
4. Full-adder using IC logic gates.
5. Verification of truth tables for RS, D, T, and JK and Master - Slave JK Flip-flops.
6. Verify function of counter (ICs like 7490, 7492, 7493, 74 C 93, 74160).
7. Verify function of shift register (ICs like 74104, 74185, 74 C 164, 7495,74194 etc.)
8. Construct and test a 3-digit decade counter using ICs.
9. Construct a comparator circuit for 7485 and verify the truth table.
10. Construct and verify the working SA type A/D converter.
11. Construct and verify the working of R-2R D/A converter.
12. Verify the working of Multiplexer
13. Verify the working of Demultiplexers
14. Implement any given Boolean function using logic gates.
S.N
O
1

Name of the Experiment

Logic gates I - AND, OR,
NOT (Using ICs).
Logic gates II - NAND,
NOR,
Exclusive OR (using ICs).
Half-adder using IC logic
gates.
Full-adder using IC logic
gates.

Objectives

Key Competencies

Identify the logic trainer

Connect the inputs

Verify the truth tables

Identify the logic trainer

Connect the inputs

Verify the truth tables

Identify the logic trainer

Connect the inputs

Verify the truth table

Identify the logic trainer

Connect the inputs

Verify the truth table

27

10

11

12

Verification of truth tables

for RS, D, T, and JK and
Master - Slave JK Flipflops.
Verify function of counter
(ICs like 7490, 7492,
7493, 74 C 93, 74160).
Verify function of shift
register
(ICs like 74104, 74185, 74
C 164, 7495,74194 etc.)
Construct and test a 3-digit
decade counter using ICs.
Construct a comparator
circuit for 7485 and verify
the truth table.
Construct and verify the
working SA type A/D
converter.
Construct and verify the
working
of R-2R D/A converter.

Identify the Flip flop trainer

Connect the inputs
Identify the logic trainer
Connect the inputs
Identify the logic trainer
Connect the inputs

Verify the truth tables

Verify the truth tables

Verify the truth tables

Identify the logic trainer
Connect the inputs
Verify the truth tables
Identify the logic trainer
Connect the inputs
Verify the truth tables
Identify the logic trainer
Connect the inputs
Verify the output
Identify the logic trainer
Connect the inputs
Verify the output

Verify the working of

Multiplexer

Identify the logic trainer

Connect the inputs

Verify the working of

Demultiplexers

Identify the logic trainer

Connect the inputs

Implement any given

Boolean
function using Logic gates.

Identify the logic trainer

Connect the inputs

Verify the truth tables

13

Verify the truth tables

14

Verify the truth tables

28

ELECTRONIC MEASURING INSTRUMENTS LAB

Subject title

: Electronic Measuring Instruments lab

Subject Code

: EI-309

Periods/week

: 03

Periods/semester

: 45

List of experiments:
1. Conduct an experiment to Calibrate Ammeter and Voltmeter.
2. Conduct an experiment to extend the range of Ammeter and Voltmeter.
3. Conduct an experiment to convert an Ammeter to Voltmeter.
4. Conduct an experiment to construct series and shunt Ohmmeter.
5. Study and use of Meggar
6. Study the front panel of a digital multimeter.
7. Conduct an experiment to measure voltage, current and resistance using digital multimeter.
8. Study the front panel of a Digital LCR meter
9. Conduct an experiment for Measurement of R, L, C parameters using digital LCR meter.
10. Study the front panel of a signal generator.
11. Conduct an experiment to test the signals generated by signal generator using multimeter
and CRO.
12. Study the front panel of Digital IC tester.
13. Conduct an experiment to test an IC using Digital IC tester.
14. Study the front panel of CRO
15. Study and use of different types of probes used for CRO.
16. Conduct an experiment to Measure voltage, frequency and phase using CRO.
17. Conduct an experiment to Measure frequency using lissajous patterns in CRO.

29

S.N
O
1

Name of the Experiment

Conduct an experiment
to Calibrate Ammeter
and Voltmeter.

Objectives
1.Identify different Ammeter and
voltmeter
2.Connect the Ammeter
3 Connect the voltmeter
1.Identify different Ammeter and
voltmeter
2.Connect the Ammeter
3 Connect the voltmeter

Key Competencies
Calibrate Ammeter
and Voltmeter.

Conduct an experiment
toextend the range of
Ammeter and Voltmeter.

Conduct an experiment
to convert an Ammeter
to Voltmeter.

Identify different Ammeter

Connect the Ammeter

Conduct an experiment
to construct series and
shunt Ohmmeter.

Identify different ohmeters

claculating the
Shunt and series
resistance

Study and use of

Megger

Identify Megger

study the earth

resistance

Study the front panel of

a digital multimeter.

Identify different multimeters

Identifying different
sections ranges

Conduct an experiment
to measure voltage,
current and resistance
using digital multimeter.

Identify different digital multimeters

Study the front panel of

a Digital LCR meter

Identify digital LCR meter

Conduct an experiment
for Measurement of R,
L, C parameters using
digital LCR meter.

Identify digital LCR meter

Identifying different
voltage ranges
,current
ranges,resistance
ranges
Identifying different
knobes located in
the front panel with
units
Identifying different
rane of
measurements for
LCR

10

Study the front panel of

a signal generator.

Identify Signal generator

11

Conduct an experiment
to test the signals
generated by signal
generator using
multimeter and CRO

Connect the signal generator with

CRO

30

Identify range of
ammeter and
voltmer by changing
different inputs
resisters
Identify the value of
current converted
into voltage

Identifying different
knobs located in the
front panel with units
Observe the
waveforms on CRO

12

Study the front panel of

Digital IC tester.

Identify digital IC tester

13

Conduct an experiment
to test an IC using
Digital IC tester.

Connect a circuit

14

Study the front

panel of CRO

Identify the CRO

15

Study and use of

different types of probes
used for CRO.

Identify different probes

16

Conduct an experiment
to Measure voltage,
frequency and phase
using CRO.

Connect a circuit

17

Conduct an experiment
to Measure
frequency using
lissajous figures in
CRO.

Connect a circuit which produces

lissajous figures

31

Identifying different
knobes located in
the front panel with
units
Observe the
values of IC pins

Identifying different
knobes located in
the front panel with
units
Study the various
probe terminals
Observe the
waveforms on CRO
measure the
voltage,frequency
and phase
Observe the
waveforms on CRO
measure the
frequency and
phase

PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION LAB

Sub. Title

: PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION LAB

Sub. Code

: EI-310

Periods/week

: 06

Periods/Semester

: 90
List of Experiments

Conduct an experiment to measure Linear Displacement using

LVDT and plot a graph between voltage and displacement

Conduct an experiment to measure Linear Displacement using

Capacitive transducer and plot a graph between capacitance and displacement

Conduct an experiment to measure angular Displacement using

Resistive Transducer and plot a graph between resistance and displacement

Conduct an experiment to measure angular velocity using Tacho generator

Conduct an experiment to measure Temperature using RTD

Conduct an experiment to measure Temperature using Thermister and plot

(a) Graph between temperature and resistance
(b) Graph between voltage and temperature

Conduct an experiment to measure Temperature using Thermocouple

Conduct an experiment to measure Relative Humidity using Hygrometer

9 Conduct an experiment to measure PH of the given sample using

a) Analog PH Meter
b) Digital PH meter
10. Conduct an experiment to measure conductivity of the given sample using conductivity
meter

32

S.NO
1

Name of the Experiment

Conduct an experiment
to measure Linear
Displacement using LVDT
and plot a graph
between voltage and
displacement
Conduct an experiment to
measure Linear
Displacement using
Capacitive transducer and
plot a graph between
capacitance and
displacement
Conduct an experiment to
measure angular
Displacement using Resistive
Transducer and plot a graph
between resistance and
displacement
Conduct an experiment to
measure angular velocity
using Tacho generator

Conduct an experiment to
measure Temperature using
RTD

Conduct an experiment to
measure Temperature using
Thermistor and plot
(a) Graph between
temperature
and resistance
(b) Graph between voltage
and temperature

Objectives
1.IdentifyLVDT
2.Connect the
Transducer

1.Identify Capacitive
transducer
2.Connect the
Transducer

1.Identify Resistive
transducer
2.Connect the
Transducer
1.Identify Tacho
generator
2.Connect to a
rotating device
1.Identifying different
RTD
2.Place it in the hot
body

1.Identifying
thermistors
2.Place it in the hot
body
1.Identifying different
Thermistors
2.Place it in the hot
body

33

Key Competencies
Change the position of the
core and observe the change
in voltage Draw the graph
between the Change the in
position of the core and the
change in voltage
Change the position of the
Capacitor plates and observe
the change in Capacitance
Draw the graph between the
Change the position of the
Capacitor plates and the
change in capacitance
Change the position of the
core and observe the change
in resistance Draw the graph
between the Change the
position of the core and the
change in resistance
measure the speed of a
rotating device

Observe the Changing

Temperatures

Observe the Changing

Temperatures and
Resistance and plot a graph
Observe the Changing
Temperatures and Voltage
and plot a graph

Conduct an experiment to
measure Temperature using
Thermocouple

Conduct an experiment to
measure Relative Humidity
using Hygrometer

Conduct an experiment to
measure PH of the given
sample using

10

a)

Analog PH Meter

b)

Digital PH meter

Conduct an experiment to
measure conductivity of the
given sample

1.Identifying different
Thermo couples
2.Place it in the hot
body
Identifying different
Hygrometers Place it
in Where the
humidity
measurement is
required

Observe the Changing

Temperatures

1.Identify the PH
meter
2.Place it in the
solution
1.Identify the PH
meter
2.Place it in the
solution
Place the
conductivity meter in
the Sample solution

Measure the PH

34

Observe the Changing

humidity

Measure the PH

Measure the Conductivity of a

given solution