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API 653 Notes

A short description of major principles in API 653 and other manuals. Very important for any Maintenance person.

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Pavan_yoyo
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112 views3 pages

API 653 Notes

A short description of major principles in API 653 and other manuals. Very important for any Maintenance person.

Uploaded by

Pavan_yoyo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Remember that ores are mostly oxides of that particular metal.

Metal which is extracted from


its ore has a tendency to go back to that state
Corrosion is an electrochemical process which involves passage of current on a micro and a
macro scale. The anodic reaction produces electrons which pass within the metal to another
site on the metal surface (the cathode), where it is consumed by the Cathodic reaction.
In a neutral solution, corrosion involves consumption of oxygen dissolved in the solution.
Corrosion occurs at the anode and not at the cathode unless and until the cathode is attacked
by an alkali
As in case of a galvanic strip, corrosion is initially caused by
o Difference in the galvanic potentials of the metallic strips
o Metallurgical variations in the state of the metal at different points on the surface
o Local
differences in the
Ag/Ag+
+0.80
environment, such as
Cu/Cu2+
+0.34
+
variations
in the supply of
H2/H
0 (reference)
2+
oxygen at Fe/Fe
the surface. As already
-0.44
2+
-0.76
told oxygen Zn/Zn
gets consumed at the
3+
Al/Al
-1.66
cathode in
neutral
solutions,
2+
Mg/Mg
-2.36
oxygen rich
areas become the
cathode and oxygen depleted areas become anode
Cathodic Protection: here the metal to be protected is made the cathode as corrosion takes
place only at the cathode. There are two ways of Cathodic protection
o Galvanic anodes
o Impressed current
Standard Electro-Motive Force series for selected metals are given below. These are
oxidation potentials at 250

Auto Bleeder Vents


Auto Bleeder Vents are provided on the floating roof of the tank for automatic bleeding of the
vapor when the roof is resting on its legs. They are supposed to be closed when the roof rests

on the product and opened when it rests on legs. They are generally 2 in number. The sleeve
pipe of the auto bleeder vent should never be closed with the apprehension of loss of product.
The loss of vapor through the vents (when the tank is operative) is inevitable for smooth
operation/functioning of the tank.
Surface Preparation
The experts in painting/coating have emphasized time and again the importance of surface
preparation in painting. It is like the foundation of the building and if the surface preparation
is week, then painting is likely to peel off easily resulting in severe corrosion of the pipeline.
Surface preparations is done for two reason- a) cleaning the surface and b) for creating a
surface profile which is nothing but the roughness of a surface with presence of series of tiny
peaks and valleys.
Smooth surfaces are never desired as they do not provide enough adhesion to the coating
applied.
Commercial surface cleaning/preparation methods are as follows
i)
ii)

iii)

Commercial Blast cleaning: Removal of mill scales, rust, rust scales, paint or other
foreign matter by the use of abrasives propelled through nozzle.
Near white metal blast cleaning: it is defined as one from which all oil, grease, dirt,
mill scale, rust, corrosion products, oxides, paints or other foreign matter have been
completely removed from the surface except for very light shadows, very light streaks
or slight discolorations may remain
White Metal Blast Cleaning: It is very obvious by the name that everything is cleaned
properly

DCVG: Direct Current Voltage Gradient is an accurate means of locating coating defects.
Here direct current is applied to a pipeline at a regular pulsed frequency using interrupters
enables coating defects to be identified and pinpointed using high sensitivity of centre zero.

OISD-GDN-233- Non Piggable Pipelines

Non-Piggable pipelines are those which cannot be pigged with the currently available pigs
due to presence of tight bends or multiple diameters
For these kinds of pipelines ECDA and Internal corrosion direct assessment can be used as
smart pigging and intelligent inspection may not be applicable when the pipeline is in service
ECDA assess corrosion that occurs due to lack of coating, usually from certain types of
holes/damages in the external coating of pipelines

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