VB.
Net Seminar
JONI NEIL B. CAPUCAO
Master of Information Technology
Institute of Information Technology
College of Arts and Sciences
Partido State University
February 27-28, 2016
Part I (Morning Session)
Lesson
1. Introduction
Microsoft .NET
Visual Studio 2012
Visual Studio Integrated Development Environment
Creating and Saving Projects
Activity 1
Lesson
2. Building Interfaces
Customizing Forms
Adding Controls to the
Activity 2
Lesson
Form
3. Writing the Code
Understanding Procedures
Handling Errors
Activity 3
and Functions
Part II (Afternoon Session)
Lesson 4. Working with Oracle Database
Lesson 5. Creating Connection to Oracle Database
Creating and Managing users
Oracle Data Provider for .Net
Activity 4
adding project references to support Oracle class libraries in
your .NET project
Creating Oracle Database connection strings
Working with Connection, Command, and DataReader/Datasets
objects
Activity 5
Hands on Exercises
Developing C.R.U.D. Modules
Working with Report Viewer
Lesson 1.
Introduction
What is Microsoft .NET?
.NET represents an advanced new generation of software
that will drive the Next Generation Internet. Its purpose
is to make information available any time, any place, and
on any device.
Quick Definition
.NET is an initiative to integrate all Microsoft products with the
Next Generation web.
http://www.microsoft.com/net/
What is Microsoft .NET? (Cont.)
Core
components of .NET are:
.NET
Infrastructure and Tools
.NET Enterprise Servers
SQL 2000
Exchange 2000
ISA 2000
Host Integration Server 2000
Application Center 2000
BizTalk Server 2000
Commerce Server 2000
.NET Framework
Visual Studio.NET
Windows.NET
Core components of .NET: (cont)
.NET
Services
An
integrated set of building block services for the new
Internet, including Passport.NET (for user authentication), and
services for file storage, user preference management,
calendar management, and many others.
.NET
A broader, more adaptive user experience, where information is
delivered in a variety of ways on a variety of different devices.
.NET
User Experience
Device Software
Enables a new breed of smart Internet devices that can leverage Web
Services
http://www.microsoft.com/business/vision/netvision.asp
.NET Framework
is a software framework developed by Microsoft that runs
primarily on Microsoft Windows.
provides language interoperability (each language can use
code written in other languages) across several
programming languages. (CLR)
It includes a large class library known as Framework Class
Library (FCL) and
Programs written for .NET Framework execute in
a software environment known as
Common Language Runtime (CLR), an application virtual
machine that provides services such as security, memory
management, and exception handling.
FCL and CLR together constitute .NET Framework.
The .NET Framework
Common Language Runtime (CLR)
A common runtime for all .NET languages
Common type system
Common metadata
Intermediate Language (IL) to native code compilers
Memory allocation and garbage collection
Code execution and security
Over 15 languages supported today
C#, VB, Jscript, Visual C++ from Microsoft
Perl, Python, Smalltalk, Cobol, Haskell, Mercury, Eiffel, Oberon,
Oz, Pascal, APL, CAML, Scheme, etc.
Common Language Runtime (CLR)- cont
Enables cross-language interoperability
Language/Hardware/OS Independent
Common Language Specification describes interoperability
requirements
Compact framework for small devices
Industrial strength Garbage collector
Designed for multi-processor servers
CLR: Execution Model
Source
code
Managed
code
VB
C#
C++
Compiler
Compiler
Compiler
Assembly
IL Code
Assembly
IL Code
Assembly
IL Code
Common Language Runtime
JIT Compiler
Native Code
Operating System Services
Unmanaged
Component
.NET Framework Libraries
Single consistent set of object oriented class libraries to
enable building distributed web applications (Unified
Classes)
Built using classes arranged across logical hierarchical
namespaces
For example: System.Data.SQL
Work with all CLR languages
No more VBRun or MFC divide
.NET Framework Libraries
Unified Classes
Web Classes (ASP.NET)
Controls, Caching, Security, Session, Configuration etc
Data (ADO.NET)
Windows Forms
ADO, SQL,Types etc
Design, Cmpnt Model etc
XML Classes
Drawing Classes
XSLT, Path, Serialization etc Drawing, Imaging, Text, etc
System Classes
Collections, Diagnostics, Globalization, IO, Security,
Threading Serialization, Reflection, Messaging etc
Visual Studio.NET
Integrated
Visual
Development Environment
Basic.NET
Inheritance,
Visual
Overloading, Free Threading
C++
Integration
(classes)
with .NET Framework with managed extensions
C#
New
development language
Based
on C/C++ with Garbage Collection/Memory Management
http://msdn.microsoft.com/vstudio
VS.NET Features
Single
IDE for all
Languages
Server Explorer
Event Viewer, Message Queues,
Services
SQL Databases, Data
Connection, Etc.
Integrated
IE Browser
HTML/XML Editors
Macros/Macro
Explorer
Solution Explorer
Tabbed Documents
Dynamic Help
Common Forms Editor
VB.NET, C++,
and C#
Visual Basic.NET
What is Visual Basic?
Visual Basic(VB) is a programming environment from Microsoft in
which a programmer uses a graphical user interface (GUI) to choose
and modify preselected sections of code written in theBASIC
programming language
"Visual" refers to the method used to create what the user seesthegraphical
user interface, or GUI.
"Basic" refers to the BASIC (Beginners All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code)
programming language. The code looks a lot like English Language. You can
create useful programs by learning just a few of its features.
Starting Visual Studio 2012
On the Windows Start screen, click Visual Studio 2012.
You may also use the search windows to locate Visual Studio 2012.
If you are prompted to identify your programming preferences,
select Visual Basic Development Settings
After starting Visual Studio, youre ready to explore the
Visual Studio IDE.
Integrated Development Environment
To start a new Visual Basic 2012
project, simply click on New
Project.. to launch the Visual Basic
New Project page.
Creating New Project in Visual Basic 2012
In the Visual Basic New
Project page
Select Windows Form
Application
Change the default Name
(WindowsApplication1) to
the desired Project Name
Click Ok button to
proceed to the Project
Page.
Visual Basic 2012 Project Page
Project Page comprises
a few windows,
the Form window,
the Solution Explorer
window, and
the Properties
window
the toolboxwhich
contains many useful
controls that allows a
programmer
todevelophis or her
VB programs.
Switch Themes in Visual Studio
Open the Options dialog (Tools -> Options). Under Environment -> General, the first
setting is "Color theme." You can use this to switch between Light and Dark.
Saving
Project
Click File Menu then Click Save All or press CrtlShift-S.
Save Project Dialog Box appears.
Provide a project Name, location of the Project and the
Solution Name.
Make sure Create directory for solution is checked.
Activity 1
Activity 1 Creating and Saving VB Project
Step 1. Open Visual Studio 2012
Step 2. Save your projects using Student Record as the Filename.
Step 3. Close your Student Record Project
Lesson 2. Building Interfaces
Customizing
Designer
Code
Forms
Window
Window
DEMO
MDI
Form, Forms
Object Naming Convention
Control type
prefix
Example
Database
db
dbAccounts
Check box
chk
chkReadOnly
Combo box, drop-down list box
cbo
cboEnglish
Command button
cmd
cmdExit
Common dialog
dlg
dlgFileOpen
Date picker
dtp
dtpPublished
Form
frm
frmEntry
Frame
fra
fraLanguage
Image
img
imgIcon
Label
lbl
lblHelpMessage
Object Naming Convention (cont..)
Control type
prefix
Example
List box
lst
lstPolicyCodes
ListView
lvw
lvwHeadings
Menu
mnu
mnuFileOpen
Option button
opt
optGender
Picture box
pic
picVGA
ProgressBar
prg
prgLoadFile
StatusBar
sta
staDateTime
User
usr
usrNew
Text box
txt
txtLastName
Timer
tmr
tmrAlarm
Activity 2
Activity 2
Create an MDI Form
Name - frmMain
Window State - Maximized
Text Student Information
Name
mnuMain
File
Exit
Add a Menu Bar
(mnuExit)
Enroll Students (mnuEroll)
Add a Status Bar
Name - staMain
Date - staDate
Adding Controls to the Form
Walkthrough in adding and customizing:
Label
TextBox
ComboBox
Buttons
ListView
GroupBox
ACTIVITY 3
Lesson 3. Writing the Code
Understanding
Functions
Functions
are named blocks of program code that perform a specific
task and return a result.
Public Function Sum(ByRef Number1 As Double, ByRef Number2 As Double) As Double
'Return the result by writing it to a variable having the same name as the function
Sum = Number1 + Number2
End Function
Procedures or Subroutine
A subroutine is like a function, just that it does not
return a result.
Public Sub Tell(ByVal MyString1 as String, ByVal MyString2 as String)
MsgBox MyString1 & MyString2
End Sub
Handling Errors
Only
perfect programmers create perfect
code from the beginning.
The
rest must address imperfections along
the way to developing a successful
application.
Definitions of Errors and Exceptions
The terms, error and exception, are often used
interchangeably
In fact, an error, which is an event that happens during
the execution of code, interrupts or disrupts the code's
normal flow and creates an exception object
When an error interrupts the flow, the program tries to
find an exception handler a block of code that tells it
how to react that will help it resume the flow
In other words, an error is the event; an exception is the
object that the event creates.
Structured versus Unstructured
Structured
exception handling is simply that
using a control structure containing exceptions,
isolated blocks of code, and filters to create an
exception handling mechanism. This allows your
code to differentiate between different types of
errors and react in accordance with
circumstances.
In
unstructured exception handling, an On Error
statement at the beginning of the code handles
all exceptions.
Structured versus Unstructured (cont)
Structured
exception handling is significantly
more versatile, robust, and flexible than
unstructured.
If
possible, use structured exception handling.
However, you
might use unstructured exception
handling under some circumstances
The Try...Catch...Finally block
The Try statement provides the code that is being tested
for exceptions.
Catch clauses identify blocks of code that are associated
with specific exceptions.
The Finally statement contains code that executes
regardless of whether or not an exception occurs within
the Try block. A Finally statement will execute even after
an Exit Try or Exit Sub. This code often performs clean-up
tasks, such as closing files or clearing buffers.
Structured Exception Handling
Try
varAvailableSeats = varAuditoriumSeats - varNumberOfGuests
Catch ex As Exception When varAuditoriumSeats = 0
MsgBox("Auditorium lacks chairs!")
Exit Sub
Catch ex As Exception When varAvailableSeats < 0
MsgBox("There are no more available seats.")
Exit Sub
Finally
MsgBox("Thank you for your interest in our concert.")
End Try
Unstructured Exception Handling
Unstructured exception handling is implemented using theErrobject
and three statements:On Error, Resume, andError.
TheOn Errorstatement establishes a single exception handler that catches
all thrown exceptions
Resume and Resume Next
TheResumestatement by itself can return control to the statement that caused
the exception.
Resume Nextcan be used to allow graceful failures;
The Error Object
The values of the properties of theErrobject are determined by the error that just
occurred
Sample of Unstructured Exception Handling
On Error GoTo
Private Sub FlawlessCode()
On Error GoTo Whoops
' Code doing various things
' Don't keep going into the error handling code.
Return
Whoops:
' Provide user with error information.
MsgBox ("Unexpected Error:" & Err.Description)
Return
End Sub
Sample of Unstructured Exception Handling (cont)
On Error Resume Next
Dim ErrorMessage As String
' Construct an error message if an error occurs.
On Error Resume Next
Err.Raise (13) ' Generate type mismatch error.
' Check to see if an error has occurred. If so, show message.
If Err.Number <> 0 Then
ErrorMessage = "Error # " & Str(Err.Number) & " was generated by "
_
& Err.Source & vbCrLf & Err.Description
' Display the message as a critical message.
MsgBox(ErrorMessage, MsgBoxStyle.Critical, "Error")
End If
Activity 3
PART II
Lesson 4. Working with Oracle Database
Creating
User Accounts and Managing Privileges
Walkthrough
in creating user account using Oracle
Database Express Home Page.
Oracle Data Provider for .Net
Oracle
Data Provider for .NET (ODP.NET) features
optimized ADO.NET data access to the Oracle database.
ODP.NET
allows developers to take advantage of advanced
Oracle database functionality, including Real Application
Clusters, XML DB, and self-updating client caches.
ODP.NET
makes using Oracle from .NET more flexible, faster,
and more stable. ODP.NET includes many features not found in
other .NET drivers, including flexible LOB data types, selftuning, run-time connection load balancing, fast connection
failover, and Advanced Queuing.
Activity 4
Lesson 5
Creating
adding
Connection to Oracle Database
project references to support Oracle
class libraries in your .NET project
Creating Oracle Database connection strings
Working with Connection, Command, and
DataReader/Datasets objects
Activity 5
Bound vs Unbound controls - Which should I use?
When developers use bound controls they end up putting a lot of
business logic into the click events, change events and so on, so when
rules change it is difficult to ferret out all the places in the code that
need to be touched. As long as the application is coded to take these
things into consideration then bound controls are just another tool in
the toolbox.
I guess the issue is that it is often the developers who haven't yet
learned to pay attention to these things who are the ones that bound
controls are most attractive to, so the code produced ends up being
less than ideal.
Bound vs Unbound controls - Which should I use?
Typically, when developers use bound controls they end up putting a
lot of business logic into the click events, change events and so on, so
when rules change it is difficult to ferret out all the places in the
code that need to be touched. As long as the application is coded to
take these things into consideration then bound controls are just
another tool in the toolbox.
I guess the issue is that it is often the developers who haven't yet
learned to pay attention to these things who are the ones that bound
controls are most attractive to, so the code produced ends up being
less than ideal.
Should you use ADO.NET DataReader or DataSet?
In the beginning, there was the recordset, a central
feature of classic ADO. Like a Swiss army knife, it wasnt the
perfect tool for every job, but given the correct
configuration, it could do whatever you needed it to do.
However, ADO.NET was a totally new set of components,
and it was optimized for the Internet world.
When accessing data with ADO.NET, you can use either a
DataReader or a DataSet
Access through DataReader
So, what is a DataReader? It is a one-way, forward-only
method of reading data. A common use of the DataReader
to read through a result set.
When you get the results into the DataReader, its
important to note that the "cursor" or logical pointer into
the returned data is just before the first row. You need to
call .Read() once to read any data. .Read() will return true
as long as there is an additional row to be read.
Access through DataSet
A DataSet is a database-independent, in-memory data
store that enables the developer to directly access all
rows and columns of one or many tables that a DataSet
can contain.
The DataSet has a Tables collection of DataTable objects,
and the DataTable has a Rows collection that can be
indexed to get to a particular row by number. The Rows
collection has a .Count property that enables the
developer to determine the number of rows in any of the
tables in a DataSet.
Access through DataSet
The DataSet enables you to update the in-memory copy of
the data, and use a DataAdapter specific to a data
provider to have those changes persisted back in the
database.
The important thing to remember is that the DataSet is
independent of any particular database; the only
connection that exists is when the DataSet is used in
conjunction with a DataAdapter.
Which to use?
If you need read-only access to the data, something often
done inside an ASP.NET application, using a DataReader
makes sense. Unless you are going to persist the data
between postbacks, the data that you use to, say,
populate a grid, will not be present when someone clicks
on one of the rows of that grid.
When updates to the data are required, you can either
directly execute UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE SQL
statements, or you can call a stored procedure. While this
seems like more work that just updating data in a
DataSet, it gives you more control over exactly how the
updates take place, and works very well in a web
environment.
Which to use?
One possible disadvantage of using a DataReader is that
the connection must be open while you are accessing the
data. If you will be doing lengthy processing with each row
of returned data, a DataSet might be a better idea.
If you are building a Windows Forms application (or a
"Smart Client"), DataSets offer some advantages. Since the
application will maintain its state over the entire time it is
running, and client context does not tie up server
resources, using a DataSet can be very convenient for
Windows Forms applications.
Which to use?
The dark side of using DataSets is that the data remains in
memory for as long as you use it. If you are retrieving
thousands or millions of rows, a DataSet is probably not an
ideal solution
Activity 5
HANDS ON EXERCISES
Thank You !!!
