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Introduction To DB Management System

This document provides an introduction to database concepts. It defines a database as a collection of organized information that can be easily accessed and managed. A database management system (DBMS) is software that administers databases. The key components of a DBMS allow it to organize, store, retrieve, manipulate, and secure data. Structured Query Language (SQL) is introduced as a special-purpose programming language used to manage relational database systems. An Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) is a visual chart representing the relationships between database entities, including entities, attributes, and relationships. Examples of each concept are provided.

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Wad AlMashaikhi
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© © All Rights Reserved
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81 views

Introduction To DB Management System

This document provides an introduction to database concepts. It defines a database as a collection of organized information that can be easily accessed and managed. A database management system (DBMS) is software that administers databases. The key components of a DBMS allow it to organize, store, retrieve, manipulate, and secure data. Structured Query Language (SQL) is introduced as a special-purpose programming language used to manage relational database systems. An Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) is a visual chart representing the relationships between database entities, including entities, attributes, and relationships. Examples of each concept are provided.

Uploaded by

Wad AlMashaikhi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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+

Database Management Systems


Lecture 1: Introduc7on to Database Concepts
Salam Khanji
College of Informa7on Security Engineering Technology
Abu Dhabi Polytechnic

Outline
n

Define Database

Define Database Management System (DBMS)

DBMS Functionalities

DBMS Components

Database Terminology

Structured Query Language (SQL)

Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

ERD Example

What is a Database (DB) ?


n

A database is a collection ofinformation that is organized so


that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated.

It typically contains aggregations of data records or files,


such as sales transactions, product catalogs and inventories,
and customer profiles.

Typically, data within a database is organized in tables of


rows and columns

A database manager provides users the capabilities of


controlling read/write access, specifying report generation,
and analyzing usage.

What is Database? Cont.

Database Management System (DBMS): software that


administers one or more Databases.

Database Administrator (DBA): person or group that


manages the DBMS.

Is MS-Access a Database or a DBMS ?

Database Management
n

Essential to success of information system

DBMS functionalities:
n
n

Organize data
Store and retrieve data efficiently

Manipulate data (update and delete)


Enforce referential integrity and consistency

Enforce and implement data security policies and procedures

Back up, recover, and restore data

Database Management (continued)


n

DBMS components include:


n
n

Data
Hardware

Software
Networks

Procedures

Database servers

Database Management (continued)

+ Introduction to DB - Terminology
n

Relation = Table

Tuples = Rows

Cardinality = Number of Rows of a Relation

Degree = Number of Columns of a Relation

Attribute = named column of a relation.

Domain = set of allowable values for one or more attributes.

Relational Database = is a set of tables containing data fitted


into predefined categories.

It was invented byE. F. Coddat IBM in 1970.

+ Database Sample
n

The student named Cooke is in class number 10 in which


Chemistry 101 is being taught.

Structured Query Language


SQL

+ SQL
n

Is a special-purpose programming language used designed


for managing data held in the relational database
management systems (RDBMS).

SQL examples: MySQL, SQLite for mobiles, Oracle SQL

It consists of:
n

Data Definition Language (DDL): to create tables or


relations.

Data Manipulation Language (DML): to select (read),


update, insert, or delete data in the database.

Data Control Language (DCL): to control the access


(Authorization) to the database. It offers to grant or
revoke privileges from users of the database.

11

+ DDL
n

Statements that are used to build and modify the structure of


your tables and other objects in the database. When you
execute a DDL statement, it takes effect immediately.

12

+ DML
n

Statements that are used to work with the data in tables.

13

En7ty Rela7onship Diagram


ERD

+ ERD
n

Is a chart that visually represents the relationship between


database entities.

ERDs model an organizations data storage requirements with


three main components: entities, attributes, and
relationships.

There are 3 ingredients in a standard entity-relationship


diagram:
n

Entities: which represent people, places, items, events, or


concepts.

Attributes: which represent properties or descriptive qualities


of an entity. These are also known as data elements.

Relationships: which represent the link between different


entities.

15

16

ERD Cont.

17

How to Draw ERD


n

Example:

A database which defines students, registered classes, and their


grades.
n

Define entities:

Student Class Grades.


n

Define attributes for each entity:

Student: Number Name Email address


Class: Number Name Term
Grades: Student Class Grades.

18

How to Draw ERD Cont.


n

Example:

A database which defines students, registered classes, and their


grades.
n

Define relationships:

A student can be registered in N number of classes.


A student can be registered once in a class.
A student can have one final grade per each class.

19

How to Draw ERD Cont.


n

Define symbols:

20

How to Draw ERD Cont.


Number

Number
Name

Name

Email

Term
Registers

Student

Class

has

Class
student
grades

Grades
Grade

St. No.
Class No

21

How to Draw ERD Cont.


n

Database Tables

22

Thank you Questions?

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