10.16 +> CP A15.0-kg bucket of water is suspended by a very light rope wrapped around a solid uniform cylinder 0.300 m in diameter with mass 12.0 kg. The cylinder pivots on a frictionless axle through its center. The bucket is released from rest at the top of a well and falls 10.0 m to the water. (a) What is the tension in the rope while the bucket is falling? (b) With what speed does the bucket strike the water? (c) What is the time of fall? (4) While the bucket is falling, what is the force exerted on the cylinder by the axle? 1016. IDENTIEY: Apply TF, =may to the bucket. with +y downward. Apply Er, = Ia, to the cylinder, with the direction the eylinder rotates positive SETUP: The free-body diagram for the bucket is given in Figure 10.16a and the free-body diagram for the eynder is sven in Figure 10.166, 7 =4.MR°, atbacket)= Rercsinder) EXECUTE: (a) For the bucket, mg—T =a. For the eylinder. ©. then gives 7=1Afa. Combining these two equations gives mg—LMa=ma_ and __me = 1S.0K8 9 50 mys?) =7.00 ms" eM 15.0 ke +6.0 ks ) T=m(g—a)=(15.0 kg)(9.80 m/s? — 7.00 mis”): 2.0 N. ()) 13 = rg, +20, (y—¥q) gives vy = f2(7.00 m/s*}(10.0 m) = 11.8 wvs, roy thay gives Yoy =O. y—¥q=10.0m. yy (©) 4, = 7.00 wv ee P= md 2000 _, oo, 7.00 mie (@) EF, =may applied to the eylinder gives n—T—Mg= n=T +mg =42.0 N+ (12.0 kg\(9.80 m/s”) = 160 N. EVALUATE: ‘The tension in the rope is less than the weight of the bucket, because the bucket has a downward acceleration. If the rope were cut, so the bucket would be in fize fall, the bucket would strike Bc00 my 9.80 mis? evlinder slows the fall ofthe bucket. ts and, the water in = 43s and would have a final speed of 14.0.mvs, The presence of the10.28 +> A bicycle racer is going downhill at 11.0 m/s when, to his horror, one of his 2.25-kg wheels comes off as he is 75.0 m above the foot of the hill. We can model the wheel as a thin-walled cylinder 85.0 cm in diameter and neglect the small mass of the spokes. (a) How fast is the wheel moving when it reaches the foot of the hill if it rolled without slipping all the way down? (b) How much total kinetic energy does the wheel have when it reaches the bottom of the hill? 10.28. IDENTIFY: At the top of the hill she wheel has translational and rotational kinetic energy plus gravitational potential energy. The potential energy is transformed into additional kinetic energy as the wheel rolls down the hill, SETUP: The wheel has [= MR’, with M/=2.25 kg and Yen = RO for the wheel Initially the wheel has Y¢q.1 = 11.0 m/s. Use coordinates where +y is upward 0.425 m. Rolling without slipping means and y°=0 at the bottom of the hill, s0 y= 75.0 m and y= 0. The total kinetic energy of the wheel is K av + Hené?™ and is potential energy is =mgh Kz +U; 2 EXECUTE: (a) Conservation of eneray aives K +U = nv Therefore = may and. gt Hag? = bg +4008“) may. U= may, =0, 60 mg, + 72g, =m ng Solving fot Vana sives [Sa = VOLO mig? + O80 me \TSO (@) From (b) we have K; (2.25 kg)(29.3 mis)? =1.93%:108 EVALUATE: Becanse of te shape ofthe wheel thin-walled cylinder), the kinetic enevsy is shared equally between the wandarional and rotational forms. This is or tue for other shapes, such as solid disks or spheres ems 9.3 ms11.12 - A uniform aluminum beam 9.00 m long, weighing 300 N, rests symmetrically on two supports 5.00 m apart (Fig. E11.12). A boy weighing 600 N starts at point A and walks toward the right. (a) In the same diagram construct two graphs showing the upward forces F, and Fp exerted on the beam at points A and B, as functions of the coordinate x of the boy. Let 1 cm = 100 N vertically, and 1 cm = 1.00 m horizontally. (b) From your diagram, how far beyond point B can the boy walk before the beam tips? (c) How far Figure E11.12 from the right end of the beam should support B be placed so that the boy can walk just to the end of the beam without causing it to tip? 11.12, IDENTIFY: Apply the first and second conditions of equilibrium to the beam. SETUP: The boy exerts a downward force on the beam that is equal to his weight. EXECUTE: (a) The graphs are given in Figure 11.12, (b) x=6.25 m when F, =0, which is 1.25 m beyond point B. (© Take torques about the right end. When the beam is just balanced, Fy =0. so Fy = 900 N. (B00 N)4.50 m) (900 N) The distance that point 8 must be from the right end is then =150m. 11.26 ** Two circular rods, one steel and the other copper, are joined end to end. Each rod is 0.750 m long and 1.50 cm in diame- ter. The combination is subjected to a tensile force with magnitude 4000 N. For each rod, what are (a) the strain and (b) the elongation?11.26, 12.27 IDENTIFY: Apply Eq, (11.10). SETUP: From Table 11.1, for steel, 77x04 m?, Fy (4000 (20x10 Pay ‘Similarly, the strain for copper is 2.1107. (b) Steel: (1.110}(0.750 m)=8.3x10% m, Copper: (21x104)(0.750 m)=1.6x10 m, EVALUATE: Copper has a smaller Y and therefore a greater elongation, An ore sample weighs 17.50 N in air. When the sample is suspended by a light cord and totally immersed in water, the ten- sion in the cord is 11.20 N. Find the total volume and the density of the sample. 12.27. vith +y upward. B= Pane IDENTIFY: Apply 3% = ay to the sample, 17.50N and m=1.79 kg serUr: w EXECUTE: T+B—mg=0. B=mg-T~=17.50N~11.20 N=630N. B 630N Foi = = 6.43107 0 PwaerS (1.00%10° ke/im?)(9.80 mis) pata ke 643x107 or EVALUATE: The density of the sample is areater than that of water and it doesn’t float =2.78x10? kgm’,