TikZ Tutorial

KSETA Doktorandenworkshop 2014

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt | July 22, 2014

KIT University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and

National Laboratory of the Helmholtz Association

www.kit.edu

Outline

What is Tikz?
Tikz Commands
Exercises
Outlook: Potential of Tikz
Fancy Examples

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
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What is TikZ?
Language for creating vector graphics in LATEX
TikZ = TikZ ist kein Zeichenprogramm
Same author as the Beamer class

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Source: http://www.texample.net
TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
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Why using TikZ?

Single Design Among the Document

One Design Flow
More versatile Image Scaling
Math Environment within Graphics
Automatic Graph Generation (Loops)
combined with LATEX-Beamer class: graphics for presentations
But be warned! It is not so easy to learn.

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Scaling Effects
Raster Graphic (JPG) Vector Graphic (PDF)
sin(x)

TikZ
sin(x )

sin(x)

sin(x )

x
TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Math Environment

A fancy title

eorem
Last Th
s that
m state
t Theore

ts
Ferma

To calculate the horizontal position

the kinematic differential equations
are needed:
n = u cos v sin

(1)

e = u sin + v cos

(2)

ts
Ferma

Las

n = z
n
x +y

r
tions fo
er solu
ro integ
e
-z
n
o
n
2.
has no
en n >
d z wh
x , y an

For small angles the following approximation can be used:

TikZ

n = u v

(3)

e = u + v

(4)

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Loops
Layer 0

Layer 1

Layer 2

Layer 3

word

FF

word

FF

word

FF

word

FF

Pattern2

word

FF

word

FF

word

FF

word

FF

Pattern3

word

FF

word

FF

word

FF

word

FF

Pattern4

word

FF

word

FF

word

FF

word

FF

Output Bus

Pattern1

matchline

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Setting up the Environment in LATEX

\ documentclass { standalone }
\ usepackage { tikz }
\ us etikzlib rary { ... }
\ begin { document }
\ begin { tikzpicture }
% TikZ c o m m a n d s go here
\ end { tikzpicture }
\ end { document }

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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The \draw Command

\ draw (0 ,0) -- (1 ,1);

\ draw (0 ,0) rectangle (1 ,1);

\ draw (0 ,0) circle (0.5);

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Coordinates
Cartesian Coordinates (x,y)
\ draw [ blue ] (0 ,0) -- (2 ,1);

Polar coordinates (angle:radius)

\ draw [ blue ] (0 ,0) -- (45:1.7);

Relative Coordinates ++(rel x,rel y)

\ draw [ blue ] (0 ,0) -- ++(0.5 ,0.5) -- ++(1 ,0)
-- ++(0.5 ,0.5);

Define Coordinates
\ coordinate
\ coordinate
\ coordinate
\ draw [ blue ]

TikZ

(A)
(B)
(C)
(A)

at
at
at
--

(0 ,0);
(1 ,1);
(2 ,0);
( B ) -- ( C );

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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The \node Command

A node is typically a rectangle or circle or another simple shape with some
text on it
\ node [ rectangle , fill = green ]( rect ) { Rectangle };
Rectangle
Node positioning
Rectangle

\ node [ rectangle , fill = green ]( rect ){ Rectangle };

\ node [ circle , fill = purple , below = of rect ]( circ ){ Circle };
Circle

Connect nodes with lines

Rectangle

\ node [ rectangle , fill = green ]( rect ){ Rectangle };

\ node [ circle , fill = purple , below = of rect ]( circ ){ Circle };
\ draw [ - >] ( rect ) -- ( circ );

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Circle

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Style Definitions
Styles are defined by [] behind a command
\ draw [ red , very thick , dashed ] (0 ,0) -- (1 ,0.1);

Styles can be named and defined locally or globally

\ tikzset { my style /. style ={ tikz options }}
\ tikzstyle { my style }=[ tikz options ]

% deprecated

example
\ tikzset { my dot /. style ={ blue , fill = green , thick }}
\ draw [ my dot ] (0 ,0) circle (0.2);
\ draw [ my dot ] (0.1 ,0.6) circle (0.2);
\ draw [ my dot , fill = red ] (0.8 ,0.2) circle (0.2);

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 1: UML Activity Diagram

wake up

tired?

yes

no
start the day

TikZ

drink coffee

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 1: UML Activity Diagram

\ tikzset { start /. style ={ circle , minimum width =0.3 cm ,

minimum height =0.3 cm , draw , fill }}
\ node [ start ] ( start ) {};

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
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Exercise 1: UML Activity Diagram

\ tikzset { activity /. style ={ rectangle , minimum width =1 cm ,

minimum height =0.5 cm , rounded corners =5 pt , draw }}
\ node [ activity , below of = start ] ( action 1) { wake up };

wake up

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 1: UML Activity Diagram

\ tikzset { decision /. style ={ diamond , minimum width =1 cm ,

minimum height =1 cm , draw }}
\ node [ decision , below = of action 1]( decision 1){ tired ?};

wake up

tired?

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 1: UML Activity Diagram

\ node [ activity , below = of decision 1] ( action 2) { start the day };

\ node [ activity , right = of action 2] ( action 3) { drink coffee };

wake up

tired?

start the day

TikZ

drink coffee

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 1: UML Activity Diagram

\ tikzset { end /. style ={ draw , double = white , circle ,

inner sep =1 pt , minimum width =0.3 cm , minimum height =0.3 cm
\ node [ end , below of = action 2]( end ){};

wake up

tired?

start the day

TikZ

drink coffee

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 1: UML Activity Diagram

\ draw [ - >]( start ) -- ( action 1);
\ draw [ - >]( action 1) -- ( decision 1);
\ draw [ - >]( action 3) -- ( action 2);
\ draw [ - >]( action 2) -- ( end );

wake up

tired?

start the day

TikZ

drink coffee

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 1: UML Activity Diagram

\ draw [ - >]( decision 1) -- node [ left , very near start ]{ no } ( action 2);
\ draw [ - >]( decision 1) -| node [ above , very near start ]{ yes } ( action 3)

wake up

tired?

yes

no
start the day

TikZ

drink coffee

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 1: UML Activity Diagram Solution I

% \ u s e t i k z l i b r a r y { shapes }
\ begin { tikzpicture }

\ tikzset { activity /. style ={ rectangle , minimum width =1 cm , minimum height

\ tikzset { decision /. style ={ diamond , minimum width =1 cm , minimum height =1
\ tikzset { end /. style ={ draw , double = white , circle , inner sep =1 pt , minimum
\ tikzset { start /. style ={ circle , minimum width =0.3 cm , minimum height =0.3
\ node [ start ] ( start ) {};
\ node [ activity , below of = start ] ( action 1) { wake up };
\ node [ decision , below = of action 1]( decision 1){ tired ?};
\ node [ activity , below = of decision 1] ( action 2) { start the day };
\ node [ activity , right = of action 2] ( action 3) { drink coffee };
\ node [ end , below of = action 2]( end ){};

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 1: UML Activity Diagram Solution II

\ draw [ - >]( start ) -- ( action 1);

\ draw [ - >]( action 1) -- ( decision 1);
\ draw [ - >]( decision 1) -- node [ left , very near start ]{ no } ( action 2);
\ draw [ - >]( decision 1) -| node [ above , very near start ]{ yes } ( action 3)
\ draw [ - >]( action 3) -- ( action 2);
\ draw [ - >]( action 2) -- ( end );
\ end { tikzpicture }

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 2: p-p collision

e+

p
n
p

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 2: p-p collision - Solution I

\ begin { tikzpicture }[ scale =0.7 , transform shape ]
\ tikzset { proton /. style ={ circle , black , thick , fill = red ,
minimum width =1.5 cm , minimum height =1.5 cm , draw }}
\ tikzset { neutron /. style ={ circle , black , thick , fill = gray ,
minimum width =1.5 cm , minimum height =1.5 cm , draw }}
\ tikzset { collision /. style ={ star , star points =8 ,
star point ratio =0.2 , black , thick , fill = yellow ,
minimum width =0.5 cm , minimum height =0.5 cm , draw }}
\ tikzset { neutrino /. style ={ circle , black , thick , fill = blue ,
minimum width =0.8 cm , minimum height =0.8 cm , draw }}
\ tikzset { positron /. style ={ circle , black , thick , fill = yellow ,
minimum width =1.2 cm , minimum height =1.2 cm , draw }}
\ tikzset { myarrow /. style ={ - > , shorten >=0.5 cm , shorten <=0.5 cm ,
very thick }}
\ node [ proton ] ( proton 1) {};
\ node [ font =\ Huge ] {\ textbf { p }};
\ node [ proton , below = 5 cm ] ( proton 2) {};
\ node [ font =\ Huge ] at ( proton 2) {\ textbf { p }};
\ node [ collision , below right = 2.125 cm and 4 cm of proton 1]
TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Exercise 2: p-p collision - Solution II

( collision ) {};
\ node [ positron , right = 8 cm of proton 1] ( positron ) {};
\ node [ font =\ Huge ] at ( positron ) {\ textbf { e $^+$}};
\ node [ neutrino , right = 8 cm of proton 2] ( neutrino ) {};
\ node [ font =\ Huge ] at ( neutrino ) {\ textbf {$\ nu $}};
\ node [ proton , below right = 1.25 cm and 10 cm of proton 1]
( proton 3) {};
\ node [ font =\ Huge ] at ( proton 3) {\ textbf { p }};
\ node [ neutron , below of = proton 3] ( neutron ) {};
\ node [ font =\ Huge ] at ( neutron ) {\ textbf { n }};
\ draw [ myarrow ] ( proton 1) -- ( collision );
\ draw [ myarrow ] ( proton 2) -- ( collision );
\ draw [ myarrow ] ( collision ) -- ( positron );
\ draw [ myarrow ] ( collision ) -- ( neutrino );
\ draw [ myarrow ] ( collision ) -- ( proton 3. south west );
\ end { tikzpicture }

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Plotting Data
f (x )

f (x ) = 1 + 13 x 2

0
0
TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

6
Exercises

Fancy Examples
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Plotting data - Code

\ begin { tikzpicture }[ domain =0.2:6]
\ draw [ - > , >= stealth ] ( -0.2 ,0) -- (7 ,0) node [ right ] {$ x $};
\ draw [ - > , >= stealth ] (0 , -0.2) -- (0 ,6) node [ above ] {$ f ( x )$};
\ foreach \ x in {0.5 ,1 ,1.5 ,2 ,2.5 ,3 ,3.5 ,4 ,4.5 ,5 ,5.5 ,6 ,6.5}
\ draw (\ x ,2 pt ) -- (\ x , -3 pt );
\ foreach \ x in {0 ,1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,5 ,6}
\ node at (\ x , -6 pt ) [ anchor = north ] {\ footnotesize $\ x $};
\ foreach \ y /\ ytext in {0.5 ,1 ,1.5 ,2 ,2.5 ,3 ,3.5 ,4 ,4.5 ,5 ,5.5}
\ draw (2 pt ,\ y ) -- ( -3 pt ,\ y cm );
\ foreach \ y /\ ytext in {0 ,1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,5}
\ node at ( -6 pt ,\ y ) [ anchor = east ] {\ footnotesize $\ ytext $};
\ draw plot [ only marks , mark =x , mark options ={ kit - blue 100 , thick }]
file { working _ material / measurement . dat };
\ draw [ color = kit - green 100] plot [ smooth ] (\ x , {1+ pow ((1/3)*\ x , 2)})
node [ right , xshift =6 mm ] {$ f ( x ) = 1+\ frac {1}{3} x ^{2}$};
\ end { tikzpicture }

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Mind Map
algorithms

data
structures

Computer Science

theoretical

practical
programming
languages
software
engineering

applied

technical

databases

WWW

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Mind Map - Code I

\ us etikzlib rary { mindmap , trees }
\ begin { tikzpicture }[ scale =0.5 , transform shape ]
\ path [ mindmap , concept color = black , text = white ]
node [ concept ] { Computer Science }
[ clockwise from =0]
child [ concept color = green !50! black ] {
node [ concept ] { practical }
[ clockwise from =90]
child { node [ concept ] { algorithms } }
child { node [ concept ] { data structures } }
child { node [ concept ] { pro \ - gramming languages } }
child { node [ concept ] { software engineer \ - ing } }
}
child [ concept color = blue ] {
node [ concept ] { applied }
[ clockwise from = -30]
child { node [ concept ] { databases } }
child { node [ concept ] { WWW } }
}
TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Mind Map - Code II

child [ concept color = red ] { node [ concept ] { technical } }

child [ concept color = orange ] { node [ concept ] { theoretical } };
\ end { tikzpicture }

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Fancy Examples - Polarizing Microscope

z
y

ng0
np0

~
E

Polarized and
dephased light
Polaroid

oid

lar
Po

Crystal section

Polarized light

Source: http://www.texample.net

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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Fancy Examples - Dipolar magnetic field

B~
Sm

~r
B
Nm
B~

~r
B

Source: http://www.texample.net

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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More information
Website with nice TikZ examples:
http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples

A very minimal introduction to TikZ - A short and good introduction:

http://cremeronline.com/LaTeX/minimaltikz.pdf

TikZ PGF Manual (Version 3.0) - great resource written in clear,

comprehensible language:
http://mirrors.ctan.org/graphics/pgf/base/doc/pgfmanual.pdf

TikZ Cheat Sheet - Short cheatsheet far from being complete:

http://home.snc.edu/andershendrickson/tex/TikZcheatsheet.pdf

This tutorial with all the sources:

https://github.com/camstutz/tikz tutorial

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
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Thank you for your attention

TikZ

Commands

Christian Amstutz, Tanja Harbaum, Ewa Holt Short title

Exercises

Fancy Examples
July 22, 2014

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