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LPF (RC)

This document discusses the design and calculation of an RC low pass filter. It explains how to build an RC low pass filter circuit in Multisim. It then provides calculations to determine the cutoff frequency of the filter based on the resistor and capacitor component values. The key points are that the cutoff frequency is when the resistor and capacitor impedances are equal, and it can be calculated as 1/2πRC. Normalized values of R=1Ω and C=1F are used in the example calculations.

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sohagiut
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281 views

LPF (RC)

This document discusses the design and calculation of an RC low pass filter. It explains how to build an RC low pass filter circuit in Multisim. It then provides calculations to determine the cutoff frequency of the filter based on the resistor and capacitor component values. The key points are that the cutoff frequency is when the resistor and capacitor impedances are equal, and it can be calculated as 1/2πRC. Normalized values of R=1Ω and C=1F are used in the example calculations.

Uploaded by

sohagiut
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RC Low Pass Filter

NI Multisim 10
Design of a RC Low Pass Filter
Bode Plotter

 Open Multisim 10
XBP1

IN OUT

and start building 0


Function Generator
the LPF like in XFG1

figure. 2 R1

0O
1

 Press CTRL+W to 0

open the C1
0F

Component
0

Library.
RC Low Pass Filter Calculation

 Regardless of the component values we use in our filter,


there will be one particular frequency at which
R = XC (for the RC filter)
 At this frequency,
VOUT/VIN = 0.707,
and the calculation above will indicate a ratio of -3 db.
 The frequency at which the two components have equal
individual impedances (without regard to phase shift) is
called the cut-off frequency of that filter, designated f or
ω
RC Low Pass Filter Calculation

 We perform our calculations without


considering the loading effects of any
circuit connected to VOUT.
 In the case of the RC filter, ZOUT = XC.
RC Low Pass Filter Calculation

 We are using normalized values for these


calculations. This means that we arbitrarily
assign values as follows:
R = 1Ω.
 C = 1f.
RC Low Pass Filter Calculation
 We begin at the cut-off frequency, since that is what controls our component values.
We know that
, at cut-off frequency,
so we have:
R = X c
1 So, 1
R = Xc = ω=
ωC RC
Since R = 1Ω and C = 1f, we can immediately calculate that ω = 1 radian/second. Then, at the cut-off
frequency we have:

1 1


XC =
1
ωC 1
Thus, at the cut-off
1
= = 1F
frequency,
(
Z = R2 + X C 2 ) = (1
2
2
+ 12 ) 2
= 2Ω
Xc 1
as we determined above. To calculate the
=
VOUT/VIN
=at0all.707
ratio frequencies, we leave ω as a
Z 2
variable. We can also make it complete with R and C accounted for, as follows:

VOUT Xc 1
= =
(( RωC ) + 1)
V IN Z 1
2 2
RC Low Pass Filter Calculation

 If we use the values R = 1Ω and C = 1f as we did above, and let ω


vary over a range from 0.01 to 100 radians/second, and then
convert the resulting ratios to db, we will get exactly the curve
shown in the graph below.
Design of a RC Low Pass Filter

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