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Integration Formulas
1. Common Integrals
Indefinite Integral

Integrals of Exponential and Logarithmic

ln x dx = x ln x x + C
Method of substitution

x
ln
x
x
dx
=

f ( g ( x)) g ( x)dx = f
(u)du

ln
n+1

Integration by parts

f ( x) g ( x)dx

f ( x) g ( x)

x)dx

g ( x) f (

Integrals of Rational and Irrational Functions

n +1

dx =

n+1
1 dx = ln x + C
x

c dx = cx + C
x

xdx =
x

dx =

1
2

2
x3

+C
+C

1
dxC=
+
x

xdx =

2x x
+C
3

1 dx = arctan x + C
2
1+ x
dx = arcsin x + C
1
1 x

Integrals of Trigonometric Functions

sin x dx = cos x + C
cos x dx = sin x + C
tan x dx = ln sec x + C
sec x dx = ln tan x + sec x + C
sin

x dx =
2

x sin x cos x )

+C

n +1

be

n +1

n 1) 2
+

dx = e + C
dx = b x + C

ln b

sinh x dx = cosh x + C
cosh x dx = sinh x + C

+C

cos

x dx =
2

tan
sec

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x + sin x cos x )

+C

x dx = tan x x + C
x dx = tan x + C

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2. Integrals of Rational Functions
Integrals involving ax + b
+

() ax + b )

dx =

( ax n +b1

( for

n 1)

a ( n + 1)
1
b ax
dx =
+b

ln ax +
a
a ( n + 1) x b

x ( ax + b ) dx =
ax + b )

dx =

( for n 1, n 2 )

n+1

+ xb axdx+=b

ax + b

n + 1)

n + 2)

b
ln ax
a a2
+
b
1 ln ax + b

ax + b )

a (1 n ) x b

dx =

(n ax + b
)

n 1)

x
1 ( ax b )

dx
=
ax + b
3
2
a
2

( ax + b )2

n 2)

2
2b ( ax + b ) + b ln ax + b

2
b
ax b

ax + b 2b ln ax + b

ax

b)

()n ax + b

x(

dx =

3
a

( ax

3
n

b)

n
3

dx = ln
1
1 ax + b
ax + b )
b
x

dx =

n1

2b
1
(3 ax + b dx = a3 ln ax + b +ax +
b
)

ax + b )

dx =
x

( for n 1, n 2 )

1 + a ln ax + b

2
2 ( ax + b )

+
2n

2b ( a b )

n
2

1n

n 1

( for n 1, 2, 3)

 x 2 ( ax +

bx

b)

2
x2

) (

dx = a
b2 (
ax + b
xb
)

a+

+
2
ab x

Integrals involving ax + bx + c
1

x2 +
a

x2
a

dx =

1 arctg x
a
a
1

ln

a x

for x < a

2a a + x
x
dx =
1 a
for x > a
ln

2a x + a

ax + b

ln
x

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2
2ax + b

arctan
2

2
4ac b
4ac b

1
2
2ax +b b
42 ac

dx
=
ln

2
ax + bx +
2
2
2ax + b b 4ac
b
c
+
4ac

2ax + b

for 4ac b > 0

for 4ac b < 0

for 4ac b = 0

dx =
x
1 ln ax2 + bx + c b
dx

2
2
2a ax + bx + c
ax + bx + c

2a
m
2 an bm
2
ln ax + bx + c +
arctan
+ b
2a

a 4ac
2
b

n+

m
2
dx =
ln ax + bx +
c+
2
ax + bx +
2a
c
m
ln ax 2 + bx + c
2a

mx

dx =
ax + bx + c +
2

)n

n 1)

4ac b

)(

ax + bx

dx =
2
ax + bx +ln

cx

2c

( cx
1)

x e dx = e 2
x
2x+ 2
2 cx
cx

1 n cx
n
x n ecx dx = n1
x cxe
x

e dx c
cx
e

2n 3 ) 2a

n 1)

x
b
1
dx
ax + bx +

2c ax 2 + bx + c
c

3. Integrals of Exponential Functions

for 4ac b = 0

n1

+
2
for 4ac b < 0

b 4ac

2an bm

a ( 2ax + b )

a b 4ac

+ c n1

x(
c

2an bm
arctanh 2ax

2ax +

1
b

4ac b

for 4ac b > 0

2ax

4ac b 2

) ( ax

1
2

dx
+ bx + c

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dx = ln x + ( cx )

i=1

cx

ln xdx =

ecx

ecx
( c sin bx b cos bx )
c 2 + b2
cx

ii!

1 ecx ln x + E cx
(i )
c

ecx sin bxdx

e
cos bxdx
( c cos bx + b sin bx )
c 2 + b2

xdx
e sin =
cx

e sin
x

n 1

cx

c +n

n( n

( c+sin x n cos bx 1)
2
)
c +
n

cx

sin

n2

dx

4. Integrals of Logarithmic Functions

ln cxdx = x ln cx x
b

ln(ax + b)dx = x ln(ax + b) x + a ln(ax + b)

( ln x ) dx = x ( ln x ) 2 x ln x + 2x
( ln cx )n dx = x ( ln cx )n n ( ln cx )n1 dx

dx = ln ln x + ln x + ( ln x )
ln x
ii
n=2
!

dx

ln x )

( n 1) (
n1
)

ln xdx = x

m+1

ln x

ln x

dx = x m+1 ( ln x )n

m+

ln x )

( for n 1)
n1

dx

n
1

ln x

m+ 1

( for

m 1)

2
m + 1)

n xdxm ( ln x )

m+1

n1

( for m 1)

( ln x )

n+1

dx =
1

( ln x

n
ln x dx = ln x
x

2n
ln x

dx =

xm
( ln x )

x
m1
x

( for n 0 )

m 1)m1

x)
( ln n1

dx =
m

ln x

( for n 1)

n+

(
n

dx
m 1)

for m

m
2 1

m 1) x

( ln x )

n
+
m1

1)

( for m 1)

dx

x ln x = ln ln x

dx
x n ln x = ln ln x +

i ( n 1)
1)
dx

i
x)
( ln

ii
!

i=1

1
x ( ln x )

ln (

x +a

(
2

n
1

( for n 1)

n 1) ( ln x )

dx = x ln

x +a

2x + 2a tan
a

( sin ( ln x ) cos ( ln x ) )
sin ( ln x ) dx =
2
x

cos ( ln x ) dx =2 ( sin ( ln x ) + cos ( ln x ) )

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5. Integrals of Trig. Functions

cos x

sin xdx = cos x

cos xdx =

sin x
2

sin xdx =
2x
2

cos x
dx

sin
x

xdx = cot x x

dx
1

x
= sin x + ln tan
2 4+

x cos

1
+ ln x
x dx =
2

tan
sin x cos x cos x
2
= tan x cot x
dx

sin

sin x cos x

xdx = cot

sin ( m +

sin ( m n) x

n) x
=
sinmxsinnxdx
2( m+
+
n)

xdx = tan

sin ( m n) x

cosmxcosnxdx =
dx
cos
1
+ ln tan
sin 3 x =
x
x
2
2 sin
2
2
x
dx
sin x
1

x
+ ln tan
+
=

3
2

cos x 2 cos x 2
2 4
1
sin x cos xdx = 4 cos
2x
1

2( m
n)

sin ( m + n) x

x cos xdx =
sin
x 2

cos m+ n x cos m
n x

sin mxcosnxdx =
2( m+
2( m n)
n)

dx

cos

dx

xdx = ln tan

x + cos x
dx = ln tan

sin x cos x = ln tan x

sin x xdx = ln tan2

cot

cos xdx = + sin

dx

sin x

sin x

dx

sin 2 x
cos x

sin

4
x

dx =

sin

2
n)( m+
xcos

2( m n)

n +1

n
n+1
sin x cos xdx =

sin

sin

x cos xdx

n +1

n+ 1

arcsin xdx = x arcsin x

1 x

m n

)
2

m2
n

m n

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1
cossin3 xx cos xdx =
3
x
1
2
2
sin x cos xdx = sin
2

4x

32

cos x
sin x
1
dx =
2
x
cos x

cos

cos x

x
2
dx = ln tan
+

tan

xdx = tan x

cot xdx = ln sin x

sin x

1 x

1
arctan xdx = x arctan x 2 (ln 2 x

1
( ln2 x
arc cot xdx = x arc cot x +
2

tan xdx = ln

sin x

arccos xdx = x arccos x

+1
+1