taxmuftuljyK vpOfxkwfpmapmif

twJG (12)? trSwf(2)? toif;awmftwGif; uefUowfxkwfa0onf/ azazmf0g&Dv? 2010ckESpf/

c&pf,mef[o l nf toif; aomol o nf r d r d t xJ ü xk d o uf &MuNyD;vQif? rdbtjzpfokdY a&muf (1aum? 12;13)/

awmfwpfyg;yg;ü trnfpm&if;0if aoud k &\}} &SdMuonf/ c&pf,meftdrfaxmif uREkfyfwkdYonf c&pfawmf
xm;aomoljzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif (1a,m? 5;10) [lonf c&pfawmfESifh oufqkdifrI \ uk, d x
f oJ Ydk a&muf&zdS &Ydk ef aiGay;
\owfrSwfrIrSmrl c&pfawmfudk ,H k M unf o l t csif ; csif ; &Srd S omvQif ac:qkEd idk o
f nfph um; í r&yg/ rnfonfv h rl sK;d jzpfaeyg
u,fwif&iS t f jzpf ,HMk unfvufcH onf bk&m;om;orD;jzpfonfudk jzpfonf/ ap?c&pfawmf\ud, k x f o J Ydk a&muf
onfhtcg 0dnmOfawmfu xkdol tjyeftvSef 0dnmOfpum;tm; &SEd idk yf gonf/ xko d aYdk &muf&EdS idk zf &Ydk ef
tm; c&pfawmf\ud, k xf o
J Ydk AwdZå H jzifh em;vnfEikd o
f nf/ ,HMk unfol 0dnmOfawmfAwdåZHtm;jzifh tjypfom;jzpfaMumif; odyg/ rdrd
tm;jzih?f oGwo f iG ;f vkud yf gonf/ þ wdkif;onf xkdoufao&Sdí c&pf taMumif ; rl u m; ,k '
]]taMumif onfc&pfawmf\ud, k t f jyifbuf
onfum; c&pfawmf\ud, k w f nf; awmf\ udk,fxJü&SdNyD;rS ,HkMunf vljzpfap? a[vovl jzpfap? ütjypfom;b0ESiMhf u;D vmaMumif;
[laom pMumF 0Vmtoif;awmfjzpf oltcsi;f csi;f aygif;zufí tMuif uRefjzpfap? vlvGwfjzpfap? ig odrSwfyg/ NyD;aemuf pMu0Vmt
onf/ xkdtoif;awmfum; bk&m; oif ; awmf w nf ; [l a om c&pf
ocifu, kd af wmfwikd f wnfaqmuf awmf\ukd,fxJokdY 0ifa&mufvkd
xm;aom toif;awmf jzpfonf/ onfq h E´&zdS Ydk vkyd gonf/ xdo k jl yK&
xkdtoif;awmf\ OD;acgif;um; rnft h rIrmS c&pfawmfukd u,fwif
c&pf a wmf j zpf o nf / xk d t oif ; &Siftjzpf ,HkMunfvufcHzkdY vkdyg
awmfü yg0ifz&Ydk ef a&ü AwdZå cH ½H rkH Q onf/xku d o hJ , Ydk MkH unfvufco H nfh
jzifh r&yg/ a&ESifh AwdåZHrcHaomf tcg? bk&m;ocif\om; jzpf&
vnf; 0dnmOfawmftm;jzifh? c&pf aomtcGihfudk &ygonf/ om;jzpf
awmf\udk,fxJokdY AwdåZHtm;jzifh ygu 0dnmOfawmfu AwdZå t H m;jzifh
0ifa&mufNy;D ? toif;awmfü yg0if c&pfawmf\uk, d x f o J Ydk oGwo f iG ;f
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wnf;[laom xdktoif;awmfü axmifxlEkdifzdkY&ef ESpfOD;pvHk;u
r,HkMunfolwpfa,mufrQ ryg0if c&pfawmf\ uk, d Ef iS pfh yfqidk rf I &S&d
yg/ tm;vH;k wko Yd nf ,HMk unforl sm; vifr,m;jzpfMuonft h cg xkt
d rd f wk d Y & S d o rQonf 0 d n mOf a wmf w pf rnfjzpfonf/ ,aeY? ,HkMunfol
jzpfMu½HkrQru? wpfOD;ESifh wpfOD; axmif o nf bk & m;ocif u d k , f yg;wnf;tm;jzifhwpfukd,fwnf; wkdYMum;ü 0g'trsKd;rsKd;ay:ayguf
tjyeftvSef od&q dS ufo, G Ef idk Mf u awmfwkdif tMuHtpnfawmftm; xJokdY AwdåZHudk cHMu\/ igwkdY&Sd vsuf &Sdonf/ AwdåZHcH&mü a,½I
onf/ jzifh jyifqifaomtdrfaxmifjzpf orQonf wpf p d w f w pf 0 d n mOf c&pf\emrüom AwdåZHcH&rnf/
om;awmf u d k ,H k M unf
]]om;awmf onf/ okdYNyD;rS om;orD;&wemudk xJ o k d Y v nf ; aomuf M u\}} crnf;awmf? om;awmf? oefY&Sif;

page 1
aom0dnmOfawmf\emrü r[kwf olonf tjcm;olrsm; touf&zkdY twkdif; touf&Sifolonf EIwf í ESpfoufawmfrlbG,fjzpf\}}
[kqMdk uonf/tcsKUd uvnf; aemif &ef rulnED idk yf g/ toufukd &xm; uywfawmf\tvif;udk vif;ae (2aum? 8;13)/
w&p&m rvdk? um;wkdifw&m;u aomolurl tjcm;aomolrsm; oljzpfonf/ uREkfyfwkdY EIwfuywf tdfrfaxmifrsm;ü vkdtyf
wpfurÇmvH;k &Sv d rl sm;twGuf aus; touf&Ekdifrnfhvrf;udk nTefjyul awmftwkid ;f touf&iS yf gu teD; onfrmS apwempdwjf zpfonf/ ap
Zl;jyKNy;D Ny[
D k qkMd uonf/ xko d v Ydk rTJ mS ; nD ay;Ekid o
f nf/ xm0&toufukd qHk;vlu xkdoufaoudk jrifNyD;? wempdwx f m;u toif&h adS ezkYd vkd
aom0g'rsm;aemufoYdk ygroGm;rdzYdk &xm;aomol o nf touf r & c&pfawmfxHokdY ajymif;vJvmrnf ygonf/ xkdokdYtoifY&SdaeNyD; rsuf
owdjyKoifhonf/ ta&;BuD;onf ao;aomolrsm;twGuf pdwyf yl ef jzpfonf/ wpfOD;csif;pDu tvif; pdudk zGifhí tm½HkpkdufaezkdY vkdyg
rSm uREkfyfwkdYwpfOD;csif;pDu c&pf ay;Muonf/ taMumif;rSmtouf vif;jyD;rS tdrfaxmiftaeESifh t onf/ okjYd yK&mü rwwfEidk af omt
awmfEiS q hf idk jf yvD m;[k rdru d , dk rf rd d r&ao;aomol\vrf;qH;k u ysuf vif;udk vif;MuzkdY jzpfygonf/ t rIudk rjyKbJ? wwfEkdifaomtrIudk
ppfaq;í pyfqidk af Mumif; aocsm pD;jcif;jzpfaMumif; touf&xm; csKUd aomtdraf xmifrsm;udk Munfyh g arwåmESirfh pzk&Yd ef ESv;kH om;udk jyif
aezkdY vdkygonf/ EIwfuywfawmf olu od&Sdaeí jzpfonf/ u wpfO;D ESiw fh pfO;D arwåmtm;jzifh qifxm;ygu? yg0ifp&mtrIudk
u om;awmfudk ,HkMunfvQif t bk&m;ocifu jrifaprnf jzpfyg
jypfp&D ifjcif; rcH&[k *wdawmf&ydS g onf/ xko d aYdk o;i,faomtrI? rdrd
onf/ ppfreS af om,HMk unfoo l nf wwfEkdifaomtrIjzifh tpjyKyg0if
c&pfawmf\ud, k cf E¨mawmfEiS fh pyf jcif;tm;jzihf wkd;yGm;aomaumif;
qkdifoljzpfygonf/ ,HkMunfolrSef Mu;D r*Fvmudk bk&m;ocifu jyefí
vQif 0dnmOfawmfu tjyifü r cHpm;aprnfjzpfonf/ ,aeY xkd
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ygonf/ tcsKUd aom,HMk unforl sm; <u,f0aomaumif;MuD;udk cHpm;
u jrifEkdifonfha'oEå&toif; ae&aomolrsm;pGm&Sad eMuygonf/
awmfwpfyg;yg;ü trnfpm&if;ryg bk&m;ocifonf uReyfk w f tYdk ouf
aomfvnf;? rjrifEkdifaom pMu wmü pdkufonfhtwkdif;jyefí &dwf
0Vm toif;awmfü yg0ifMuonf/ aprnf jzpfygonf/ tcsKUd aomol
uREkfyfwkdYonf c&pfawmf\ukd,f rsm;u rdrw d &m; ra[mwwfyg[k
ESifh pyfqidk Mf uzk&Yd ef arwåmaus;Zl; tvif;udk vTwfMuzkdY&ef qufqHMuonf/ xkdtdrfaxmifü qkdMuonf/ uRekfyfwkdY w&m;a[m
udk trSDjyKckdvHI&efrSwpfyg; tjcm; avmuMuD ; xJ ü bk & m; bk&m;ocif\tvif;udk awGYMu wwfzkdY rvkdyg/ uRekfyfwkdYrodaom
r&Syd g/ c&pfawmf\ ud, k Ef iS phf yfqidk f ocifxHrS touf\tvif;udk & &onf/ tdraf xmifü vifEiS rhf ,m; t&mudk tvJaG [majymonfxuf
aomolwkdif;onf udk,fawmfESifh xm;olrsm;pGm &SdMuygonf/ xkdol tvif;udk vTwfjyD;aemuf? om; pdwEf v
S ;kH ygvsuf wwfEidk o f rQ rp
rdwfo[m,zJGU&aomtcGifh &SdMu rsm;tm; tvif;udk vTwfMuzkdY&ef orD;rsm;u EIwfuywfawmft yg0ifjcif;trIudk bk&m;&Sifu om
ygonf/ tcsKUd aomolrsm;u c&pf udk,fawmfu rdefYawmfrlygonf/ wkdif; touf&SifMuonfhtcg rd í ESpo f ufygonf/ uREyfk w f o
Ydk nf
,meftdrfaxmifudk xlMuonf[k tvif;udk vTwfyg[kqkdMu&mwGif om;pkü bk&m;ocif\ tvif;udk bk&m;ocifESpfoufaomtrIudk
qkad omfvnf;? c&pfawmfEiS hf rqkid f omoemjyKq&m vTwfzkdY? a&'D,kd awGYMu&onf/ yxrwpfOD;csif; odjyD; vkyfaqmifMuzkdY vkdygonf/
Muyg/ tm;jzifh EIwuf ywfpum;udk vTwf pDu tvif;udk vTwfMuzkdY jzpfjyD;?
bk & m;ocif o nf ig
]]bk zk?Yd a0pmtm;jzifh or®mw&m;pum; aemufqHk;rdom;pk\tvif;u t &Sdonfht&mxJrS
wkdYtm; xm0&toufukd ay; udk vTwfvkdufMuzkdY&efom tm; vif;qHk;jzpfygonf/ xkdrdom;pkt apwempdwfESihfay;yg
awmf r l í xk d t ouf o nf v nf ; xkwfwwfMuonf/ xkduJhokdYvkyf vif;udk tdrfteD;tem;ygwf0ef; vlü aumif;raumif;udk
om;awmf ü yg\/ om;awmf u k d aqmifjcif;onfvnf; rrSm;yg/ usifrS vlrsm;u awGYjyD; bk&m; odwwfaomoabm&Sad eygonf/
&aomolonf toufudk&\/ okdYaomf? ta&;BuD;onfrSm tdrf ocif\ arwåmudk cHpm;Muonf/ xkod abmu vlonfaumif;aom
bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk r& axmiftwGif;rS yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif; taMumif ; rl u m;? ap
]]taMumif trIudk jyKoifhonfudk odygvsuf
aomol r l u m; touf u d k r &}} pD \ touf w mtm;jzif h bk & m; wempdwfonf toifh&SdvQif r ESifh vkyfEdkifrnf? jyKEkdifrnfrxif
(1a,m? 5;11-12)/ ocif\tvif;oufaoudk vTwf wwfEkdifaomtrIudk raxmuf yg[k qif a jcay;wwf y gonf /
om;awmfurkd &ao; aom MuzkdY vkdygonf/ EIwfuywfawmf bJ?wwfEkdifaomtrIudkaxmuf aumif;raumif;oduRrf;&m tod

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w&m;udk uREyfk w f u Ydk tm;pku d x f w k f wmudk pd;k rk;d xm;onf/ EIwu f ywf oifhjyifxm;zkdYom vkdygonf/ xkd u ay;urf;jcif; jzpfonf/ tjrifh
í z,fzkdY vkdygonf/ xkdokdY rz,f awmfu apwempdwo f nf toifh pdwo f abm&Syd gu ay;Ekid af omt qHk;aombk&m;ocif\ om;orD;
ygu aumif;raumif; oduRrf;&m &SdvQif[k azmfjyxm;ygonf/ vl cGiu
hf kd ud,
k af wmfuay;rnf jzpfyg rsm;jzpfMuaom uREkfyfwkdY,HkMunf
todw&m;u uRekfyfwkdYtouf i,fav;u rdrdü&Sdaomt&mudk onf/ ,aeY avmuBu;D ü arwåm olrsm;\toufwmü qif;&Jae
wmü OD;pm;,loGm;rnfjzpfonf/ ay;zkdY toifh&Sd½HkrQru apwem oabmu&Sm;yg;aeygonf/arwåm p&mtaMumif; r&Syd g/ bk&m;ocif
a,½Ionf arQmfMunfh
]]a,½I pdwfvnf;&SdNyD;? udk,fawmfvufodkY pdwef nf;ygu ay;p&m&Srd nfr[kwf \tvkad wmfu <u,f0zkjYd zpfonf/
ívltpkta0;taygif;wkdYonf tyfvu dk o
f nft h cg vlMu;D ta&t yg/ arwåmyGm;rSomvQif ay;p&m ,HMk unfoo l m;orD;rsm;onf pdwf
txH a wmf o k d Y vmMuonf u d k wGuf ig;axmifrQru pm;í0onf rsm; vmrnfjzpfonf/ ,aeY tdrf csr;f ompGm &S, d rkH Qru vdtk yforQ
jrifawmfrlvQif? zdvdyÜKtm; þ omru ydkvQHonfudk awGY&onf/ axmif&Sifrsm; ay;MunhfMuyg/ xkd jynfhpHkí bk&m;bkef;awmfaqmif
olwkdYpm;p&mrkefYudk tb,frSm aeMuzkdY bk&m;ociftvkdawmf&Sd
0,f r nf e nf ; [k a r;awmf r l \ }} ygonf/ xkdokdYbk&m; bkef;xif&Sm;
(a,m? 6;5)/ jcif;onf tvif;vif;aejcif; jzpf
,aeY uREyfk w f t Ydk a,muf onf/ ocifa,½Iudk,fawmfwkdif
wkid ;f tm;vnf; teDtem;&Sd vlwYdk u uREkfyfwkdYwpfOD;pDonf aumif;
\ vdktyfcsufudk tb,fokdY ay; aomtusifhwkdYü usifvnfí t
rnfenf;[k ar;vsu&f ydS gonf/ xkd vif;udk vif;apMuzkdY&ef rdefYawmf
olrsm;\vkt d yfcsuu f kd ay;zkYd ud, k f rlygonf/ ,HkMunfolwpfOD;csif;pD
awmftvkdawmf &Sdygonf/ t tvif;udk vif;aeMuzkdYjzpfovkd?
aMumif;rlum; uREkfyfwkdYonf ay; ZeD;armifESH? tdrfaxmifrdom;pkt
oD;udk pdkufNyD; rsm;pGmyGm;vmMuzkdY vkud vf nf; vif;aeMuzkv Yd ydk gonf/
udk,fawmftvdkawmf &Sdygonf/ xkdodkY rdom;pktvkduf tvif;udk
udk,fawmf\tar;udk zdvdyÜKu vif;Mujcif;tm;jzih?f ywf0ef;usiüf
]]þolwkdYonf rkefYwpf ,aeY toif;awmfonfvnf; xkd okdY ay;Muygu pdkufonfhtwkdif; bk&m;ocif\bkef;awmf xif&Sm;
zJ h p D u d k aph i atmif a'em&d t enf;wlyifjzpfonf/ tcsKdUu t &dwMf u&rnfjzpfygonf/ vm½HkrQru avmuDu@üvnf;
jym;ESpf&m tbkd;xkdufaomrkefY oif;awmfü ,aeYtxd awmif;í þtrI t &mü tjcm;
]]þtrI <u,f0aomtoufwmudk tdrf
ravmufyg}}[k jyefí avQmufyg rNy;D Muyg/ tcsKUd u vdrNf y;D awmif; aom ol w k d Y o nf csrf ; om&í axmifrdom;pkwkdif; cHpm;EkdifMuzkdY
onf/ ud, k af wmfonf rnfox l üH aeMuonf/ r&ygu rausreyf oif w k d Y o nf qif ; &J a pjcif ; iS m &ef arwåmESifh þrQESifYtoday;
rS a'em&dtjym; ESp&f mrawmif;yg/ a&&Gwfí jyefoGm;wwfMuonf/ igtMuH & S d o nf r [k w f } } a0iSvu dk &f ygonf/
a'em&dtjym;ESpf&m &SdvQifyif vl vdrí f awmif;Ny;D &oGm;yguvnf; (2aum? 8;13)/
taygif;pm;í tqmajy½HkrQom wpfoufwmvHk; vdrfí rNyD;Ekdif wrefawmfMuD;&Sifaygvk emrawmfjrwfü
&SdayvdrfYrnf/ xkdtcsdefü vli,f Mu/ vdrí f &Muyguvnf; r*Fvm u uReyfk w f tYdk m;ay;zkUd &ef Ed;I aqmf nDtpfuBkd u;D DrawifarmifxeG ;f
av;wpfO;D xHrS rkeiYf g;vH;k ESihf ig;ESpf r&SdMu/ toufwmü vdrfp&m t wku d w f eG ;f onfrmS uREyfk w f qYdk if;&J
aumifudk&í udk,fawmfxH tyfESH oD;rsm;om qufí oD;Murnfjzpf apzk&Yd ef jyKaponfr[kwyf g/ uREyfk f
Mu&m vltaygif;pm;í 0Mu½HkrQr onf/ tcsKdUvlrsm;u rdrdü&Sdonfh wko
Yd nf tjcm;ae&mrS ta<u;ESihf
u ydv k Qo H nfuakd wG&Y onf/ ,aeY t&mu ray;vkMd u/ tjcm;olrsm; ,lí ray;MuygESi/fh ta<u;ESihf ,l
vltrsm;u bk&m;&Siv f ufwiG f r \ray;onft h &mudok m jrifwwf í ay;Muygu ay;omay;onf/
tyfbJ rdrdoabmESifh rdrday;zkdY? Muonf/ ,aeY c&pf,meftdrf xdkrsKd;u ay;oD;r[kwf? ,loD;om
bk&m;udk q,fzw Ydk pfzaYdk y;vku d v f Qif axmifppfjzpfygu c&pfawmf\ jzpfygonf/ ay;vSLjcif;onf t
bmjyef&rvJ ponfjzifh? aumif; ukd,fxJü &Sdaeyg onf/ xkdrQru a<u;ESifh ray; rvSL&yg/ rdrdü &Sd
raumif;oduRr;f &mOmPfukd tajc xkdolü c&pfawmf\oabmawmf? onfht&mxJrS wwfEkdiforQay;
jyKí wGufcsuftouf&SifaeMu oabm0awmfvnf; &Sad eygonf/ vSLzko Yd m jzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif\
onf/ rdrdwkdYtwåpdwfu touf uREkfyfwkdYü ay;csifaompdwfudk t <u,f0jcif;ESifhqkdifaomtkwfjrpf

page 3
 tdrfaxmifwpfck\ tp t½k;d xJu t½k;d ightom;xJu t ½HEk iS Yf ,lMuonf/ tcsKUd tdraf xmif jzpfayonf/ ,aeY urÇmü xkdokdY
onf bk&m;ociftm;jzifjh zpfonf/ om; jzpf\}} [k qku d m vlred ;f r[k rSm oH;k vomcHonf/ tcsKUd u wpf aomtdrfaxmifrsm;twGuf Mum;
bk&m;ocifonf rdrd\o@mef ac:qkdtodtrSwfjyKygonf/ þ ESpfom cHMuonf/ xdktdrfaxmif 0if aphpyfay;aomvkyif ef;aqmif
awmfESifhtnD vludk zefqif;NyD; ae&mü vlwdkYtay: bk&m;&Sif\ zufjcif;ud]]obm0td
k]]obm0tdrfaxmif}} &Guaf y;olrsm;pGm &SMd uygonf/ xkd
aemuf ]]ol o nf wpf a ,muf cspfjcif;arwåmawmfudk uREkfyfwkdY [kac:qkv d ykd gonf/ taMumif;rSm? vkyif ef;u 0ifaiGrsm;pGm &Muonf
wnf; raeaumif;}} olYtwGuf em;vnf&ovk?d vluvnf; bk&m; vlYobm0& tcsif;csif;awGYjrif udk awGjY rif&onf/ bk&m;ocif\
taxmuftrudk jyifqifay;rnf ocif jyifay;jcif;udk vufcHo onft h ay:MuKd ujf y;D ?acwåoabm tvkdawmfuobm0tdrfaxmif
[k MuHpnfawmfrlygonf/ (urÇm abmwlaMumif; em;vnf&ygonf/ us aygif;zufonfhtdrfaxmifa&; r[k w f / vl r I a &;td r f a xmif
2;18) xdktcsdefü bk&m;ocif zef vnf;r[kwfyg/ c&pf,meftdrf
qif;aom vltm'Hu rdrüd tazmf axmifjzpf&ygrnf/ xkcd &pf,mef
vkrd eS ;f ukyd if owdrxm;rdyg/ owd tdraf xmifqo kd nfrmS bk&m;ocif
jyKEkdifzkdY&ef bk&m;ocifonf zef \tvdkawmfESifhnDaom xrf;ydk;
qif;NyD;aom wd&pämefpHkwJGwkdYudk wifjcif; tdrfaxmifjzpfygonf/
tm'Ha&SUarSmufrS jzwfoef;apyg um,uH&SifESpfOD;u bk&m;ocif
onf/ xdktcg tm'Honf rdrda&SU \tvkad wmfEiS n hf aD om pHzk ufjcif;
ü jzwfoef;vmaom wd&pämef pHw k GJ udk OD;wnfvm&rnf/ xkdodkYaom
rsm;udk trnfemrrSnfhac:ay;yg jzpf&yfu bk&m;ocif\tvdak wmf
onf/ txD;trpHw k wGJ u
Ykd kd jrifjcif; ESifhnDaom tdrfaxmifzufjcif;
tm;jzif?Y rdrüd vnf; tazmfvt dk yf rnfygonf/ xkdokdY bk&m;ocif\
aeygovm;¿[k owdjyKrzd &Ydk ef jzpf tvdak wmfEiS aYf vQmn f pD mG tdraf xmif
aomfvnf; tm'Honf owdrxm; zufMu&mwGifyif jyóemESifh t
rdao;yg/ okdYjzpfí bk&m;ocif NyD;aemuf? bk&m;ocifonf vl jzpfaeMuonf/ xkdtdrfaxmifu cuftcJrS uif;vGwMf urnfr[kwf
onf tm'Hudk BuD;aomtdyfjcif; a,musmf ;ESihf vlred ;f rudk vufxyf vlwkdY\tay:,HtjriftawG;xJ yg/ cufcJaomtajctaersm;udk
jzihf tdyfapygonf/ ,aeY uREfkyf pHzk ufapygonf/(u?2;21-25) þ ü ESpo f ufoabmuspzkH ufMujcif; tdrfaxmifü awGYMuHKMu&rnf/ xkd
wktYd oufwmüvnf;? bk&m;ocif trIt&mrsm;udq k ifjcifygu bk&m; rQomjzpfí bk&m;rygaom tdrf okdY jzpfwwfonfudk bk&m;ocif
onf rdrt d oufwm\vdt k yfcsuf ocifonf tdrfaxmifudk arwåm axmifjzpfonf/aemuftrd af xmif u odawmfro l jzif?Y þokrYd ed aYf wmf
udk odapzk&Yd ef jzwfoef;jrifawGaY p awmftm;jzif?h þodjYk yifqifprD aH y; zufjcif;wpfckuawmY? ]]vl r I a&; rlygonf/
aomt&mrsm;pGm jyKwwfygonf/ NyD;aMumif; em;vnf&ygonf/ td r f a xmif}}vdkYac:qdkvdkygonf/ ]]wpfa,mufüwpfa,muf
bk&m;ocifonf rnfonft h cgrQ rdbaqGrsK;d rsm;u ay;pm;aphpyfí tjypf w if p &mtcG i f h & S d v Qif t
vlom;wdkYtay: twif;tMuyf bk&m;ociftvdak wmfEi
S hf aygif;zufonft h rd af xmifjzpfonf/ csif ; csif ; onf ; cH í tjypf u d k
rjyKcJhyg/ bk&m;ocifonf vl nDaom tdrfaxmifa&; xko d aYdk ompHzk ufapjcif;onfvnf; vT w f M uavmh / c&pf a wmf o nf
a,musfm;\ eH½kd;wpfacsmif;tm; tdrfaxmifESihfywfoufí bk&m;ocif\ tvkad wmfukd &SmNy;D oifwkdY\tjypfudk vTwfawmfrl
jzif?h vlred ;f rudk zefqif;í vl&&dS m bk&m;ocifonf wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; rS jyKMuonfr[kwyf g/ wpfa,muf ouJ h o k d Y ? xk d e nf ; wl j yKMuavmh } }
okdY aqmifcJhawmfrlygonf/ vl xdo
k ahkd rwåmudt
k jyef tvSef vuf ESifh wpfa,mufvnf; arwåmudk (aum? 3;13)/
onf rdrdtwGuf bk&m;ocifjyif cHí tdraf xmifa&;udk tpjyKaygif; tajcxm;í cspMf uonfr[kwyf g/ tdraf xmifwpfcük a,musmf ;
qifay;aom xdkrdef;rudk jrifvQif zufapaomfvnf;? ,aeY vlwu Ydk xko d aYdk omtdraf xmifxal xmifae onf rdef;rü tjypfwifp&m&Sm
0rf;yef;womESifh ]]þolonf igh tay:,HomMunfhNyD;? oabmus Mujcif;onf]]vlrIa&;tdrfaxmif}} aevQif rsm;pGm&Sdrnf jzpfonf/

page 4
xked nf;wl rde;f rjzpfoo l nfvnf;? onf/ atmif vGw&f rnf[k igrqk/d ckEpS f wkdYtjypfom; jzpfaejcif;udkvnf;
a,musmf ;ü tjypf&mS aeygu rsm; ]]xk d t cg ayw&k o nf q,fckESpfvDajrmufatmif vTwf aumif;? cH&rnf'h gPfp&D ifjcif;rS4if;
pGmawGYrnfjzpfonf/ vlrSefvQif csOf ; uyf í ocif n D t pf u d k o nf &rnf[k rdefYawmfrlygonf/ qkdvkd vGwu f if;apygonf/ xdak ,½Ic&pf
tm;enf;csuf ud, k pf &D ydS gonf/ t tuREkfyfudkjypfrSm;í tuRekfyf onfrmS tMurd rf nfrQjzpfygap cGihf udk ,HkMunfvufcHjcif;tm;jzihf?
jypfESifhuif;aomolwpfa,mufrQ onf ol \ tjypf u d k b,f E S p f vTwfzkdY&ef rdeYfawmfrljcif; jzpfyg tjypfom;b0u aeaomf4if;?
r&Sdyg/ vlYobm0ü xkdokdY tjypf Mud r f vT w f & ygtH h e nf ; / ck E S p f onf/ xkdokdYtMudrfMudrf cGifhvTwf tjypfp&D ifjcif;'gPfjzpfonfih &Jr;D
wifp&m tajctaeESifh tcGifhu Mudrfajrmufatmif vTwf&ygtHh EkdifMuzkdY&ef bk&m;om;awmfu tkdifuaeaomf4if; vGwfajrmuf
trSeyf if tpOf &Sad eygonf/ xdo k Ydk avm[kar;avQmufaomf?a,&I uREyfk wf u Ydk kd b,favmuf^b,fvdk apcJyh gonf/ xkjYd yif? bk&m;om;jzpf
qkyd gu ,HMk unforl sm;onf bk&m; ckESpfMudrfajrmufatmif vTwf& cGivhf w
T af Mumif; qifjcifMuzkv Yd ydk g jcif;tcGifhudkyg ay;xm;onfYt
ocif\tvkad wmfEiS t hf nD rnfuhJ rnf igrqkd/ tMudrfckESpfq,f onf/ ud, k af wmfu uReyfk w f t Ydk m; wGuf tyg,fvm;p&mrvkad wmhyg/
okdY touf&SifMurnfenf;¿/ ,Hk ck E S p f v D a jrmuf a tmif vT w f & rnfot Ydk jypfvw T yf goenf;¿ocif xkdt&monf aus;Zl;awmfouf
MunfolrSefvQif wpfa,mufESifh rnf igqk d \ }} a,½I rdefYawmfrlonfrSm rif;MuD; ouftm;jzihf? uREkfyfwkdY cGifhvTwf
wpfa,muf tjypfwifp&m&Sdygu (r? 18;21-22)/ wpfO;D onf rdru d Rerf sm;udk pm&if; jcif;cHpm;&jcif; jzpfonf/ uREyfk wf Ydk
tcsi;f csi;f onf;cHí cGiv hf wT Mf uzkYd tay:ü bk&m;ocifu þrQcspf
bk&m;&Sifawmfjrwfu tvkdawmf í uREkfyfwkdYudk olYarwåmtm;jzifY?
&Syd gonf/ vlo Y bm0ü tcsi;f csi;f cGifYvGwfjcif; qkaus;Zl;r*Fvmukd
tjypfwifp&mrsm;udk tjyeftvSef cHpm;apygonf/ xkdcGifhvTwfjcif;
tjypfwifaeMuygu yifyef;aom arwåmu avmuü rnfolurQr
toufwm cHpm;rnfjzpfonf/ ay;EkdifaomMuD;rm;vSonfhbk&m;
,HMk unfow l \ Ydk toufwmürl xdk ocif\aus;Zl;jyKrjI zpfygonf/ þ
odaYk om vlo Y bm0udk ausmo f mG ;í tcsufudk tpOfESvHk;oGif;xm;Mu
tcsif;csif;tjypfudk vTwfMuonfh ygrS tcsif;csif; tm;enf;csufukd
tcg rdrdESvHk;om;ü 0rf;ajrmuf cGifhvTwfEkdifMurnf jzpfygonf/
jcif;ESifh jidrfoufjcif;u ae&m,l
vmygrnf/ tdraf xmifwpfcük vif a&SUawmfarSmufü
jzpfap? r,m;jzpfap? wpfO;D u rSm; uREkfyfwkdYonf rdwfaqG ,l&mü aiGtcGufwpfodef;? a<u; rSwfom;vsuf&Sd
rdygu rSeaf omolu cGiv hf w T Ef idk zf Ydk wpfOD;\trSm;udk cGifhvTwf&mü wifaom uRew f pfa,mufukd a&SU uREkfyfwkdYta,mufwkdif;
vk d t yf y gonf / rS m ;aomol u wpfBudrf&SdjyD? ESpfMudrf&SdjyD[kqkdjyD;rS awmfodkY ac:aqmifvmMuonf/ onf bk&m;ocifxHrS þokdYaom
vnf; rdrt d rSm;udk 0efcí H ajyvnf av;Mudrfajrmufa&mufonfhtcg xkdolonf a<u;qyf&ef r&Sdaom MuD;jrwfonfh cGifhvTwfjcif;aus;
rIukd t&,lyg/ xko d t Ydk ouf&iS Mf u ,ckqdkvQif oifhtjypfudk vTwfcJh aMumifh rdrud , kd rf pS í om;?r,m;? Zl;udk twlwuG cHpm;xm;Mu&ol
ygu tdrfaxmif[lonf tvGef wm av;Murd &f NdS y[ D q
k ydk gu ,cif Opöm&Sod rQuakd &mif;í ta<u;&So d rsm;jzpfonf/ xkad rwåmudk &&Scd pH m;
om,mvmNyD;? wpfjcm;t&yfa' tMurd rf sm;ukyd g a&wGux f m;onfh rQ qyfap[k pD&ifjcif;cHc&hJ ygonf/ jy;D aomolwidk ;f u tcsi;f csi;f wk\ Yd
orsm;xuf aysmf&Tifauseyfp&m twGuf olYtjypfudk vTwf&m r odkYjzpfí nTwfjyyf0yfwGm;vsuf tjypfukd vTwzf &Ydk ef rdeaYf wmfrjl cif;
aumif;onfhaetdrf jzpfvmay a&mufyg/ ,cifu oltjypfrsm;udk ]]ocif? uReaf wmfukd onf;cHawmf jzpfygonf/ uREyfk w f o
Ydk nf ta<u;
rnf/ rSwxf m;jcif;om jzpfonf/ tjypf rlyg/ a<u;&So d rQukd qyfygrnf}} [k wpfodef;ESifh pD&ifcsufudk cGifhvTwf
vTwfonf[kqkd&mwGif? olYtjypf avQmufvQif ol\ocifonf o jcif;cH&olESifh wlygonf/ (r? 18;
tcsif;csif; udk vHk;0rSwfrxm;bJ arhypfjcif; em;jcif;pdwf&SdojzifY?]]a<u;&S d o rQ 28)wGif ta<u;wpfoed ;f cGiv hf wT f
tjypfvTwfMu&mwGif jzpfonf/ &Sifayw½ku nDtpfudk vTwfap}}[k csrf;omay;onfudk jcif;cH&olonf rdrdxHü a'em&d
,HkMunfolrsm;onf rdrd jzpfol wpfa,mufjypfrmS ;aomt awG&Y ygonf/ þtaMumif;udk t wpf&m ta<u;wifaomtjcm;ol
wdkY tcsif;csif;tjypfvTwfMu&mü cg ckEpS Mf urd af jrmufatmif vTw&f ajcjyKí ocif a ,½I c &pf a wmf wpfa,mufudkawGYvQif vnfyif;
b,fEpS Bf urd v
f w
T &f rnfenf;[k &Sif rnfavm¿ [k ar;avQmufvQif onf uREkfyfwkdYtjypfom;rsm;ukd udu k idk n f ]]ighaiGudkqyfavm}h }
f p§ í
ayw½ku ocifa,&Itm; ar;yg ocifa,½Iu ckESpfBudrfajrmuf rnfrQciG v
hf wT cf yhJ goenf;¿/ uREyfk f [kqkdygonf/ xkdtcg ta<u;,l

page 5
olu a<u;&Sif\acs&if;ü jyyf0yf ]]igonf pd w f E S v H k ; xJ ü ouf&SifrSmvJqdkwm a&G;cs,fMuzkdY ]]oifwkdYonfvnf;? nD
vsuf uReaf wmfuo kd nf;cHyg/ a<u; 'k p &k d u f u d k iJ h u G u f v Qif bk & m; jzpfonf/ ,aeY ajrMu;D ay:ü ZeD;? tpf u d k t csif ; csif ; wk d Y u d k pd w f
&SdorQqyfygrnf[k awmif;yef &S i f o nf em;axmif a wmf r rl } } cifyGef;? om;orD;? rdwfaqG\t ES v H k ; ygvsuf t jypf r vT w f v Qif ?
aomfvnf;? a<u;&Sifonf em;r (qm? 66;18)/ jypfukd rvGwEf idk yf gu? aumif;uif aumif ; uif b H k ü &S d a wmf r l a om
axmifbJoGm;í a<u;udk rqyfrSD uREfkyfwkdYtoufwmü t bHküvnf; oif\tjypfudk rvTwf ig\tbonf xkdenf;wl oif
wkid af tmif axmifxüJ avSmifxm; jypfcGifYvTwfwwfonfh ESvHk;om; yg/ toufpmapmifü u,fwif wk d Y u d k p D & if a wmf r l v wH å } }
ygonf/ þwGif a<u;wpfoed ;f cGihf r&Syd gu? bk&m;&Sio f nf qkawmif; jcif;okYd a&mufaomolw\ Ydk trnf (r? 18;35)/
vTwfjcif;cH&olu ,ck aiGa<u; oHukd em;anmif;rnfr[kwyf g/ xkYd emrrsm;udkom a&;rSwfom;onf uReyfk w f o Ydk nf bk&m;&Sijf yK
wpf&mudk tb,faMumifh cGifhr tjyif? ocifa,&Iu wynfah wmf r[kwfyg/ ajrMuD;ay:ü uREkfyfwkdY apvko d nft h wkid ;f tcsi;f csi;f \t
vGwEf idk yf goenf;¿/ xko d o l nf rdrd rsm;tm; oGefoif&mwGif jyKorQtukef rSww f rf;wifxm;yg jypfukd rvTwb f aJ eygu? xko d Ydk t
tm; ta<u;&SdorQudk vTwfap[k usKd;enf; tEkwfcH&rnfomjzpfyg
ajymqkad om ola|;Mu;D \pum;t onf/ wpfa,mufEiS w hf pfa,muf
ay:ü ,HkMunfpdwfcsjcif; r&Sdí tjypfvTwfjcif;onf tdrfaxmif
jzpfonf/ cspaf omnDtpfuakd rmif om,mzkdY? tdrfaxmifwnfwefYzkdY
ESrtaygif;wkdY uREkfyfwkdYtcsif; jzpfonf/
csi;f wpfa,mufEiS w hf pfa,muft ]]oifwkdYonf olwpfyg;
jypfwifp&m&Sdjcif;onf ta<u; wkdY\tjypfudkvTwfvQifaumif;
wpf&mwifjcif;ESifh wlygonf/ xkd uifbHkü &Sdawmfrlaom oifwkdY
ta<u;av;udk tcsif;csif;rvTwf tbonf oif w k d Y \ tjypf u d k
Ekid jf cif;rSm uReyfk w f t Ydk ay:ü bk&m; vT w f a wmf r l r nf } }
ocifay;aom tjypfciG v hf wT jf cif; (r? 6;14)/
ESifh pD&ifjcif;rS uif;vGwfapjcif; xkaYd Mumif?h ,aeY uREyfk w f Ydk
udk ,HkMunfpdwfcsrIr&SdMuí jzpf ]]olwpfyg;onftuREkfyf onf/ uREkfyfwkdY\ ay;vSLorQ? wpfOD;pD\ touf&SifrIonf t
onf/ vifESifhr,m; wpfa,muf wk d Y u d k jypf r S m ;aomtjypf r sm; udk,fawmftwGuf tbdk;tcay; EIwfvu©Pmjyaom toufwm
ESiw fh pfa,mufcspí f vufxyfMu udktuRekfyfwkdYonf vTwfouJh ítouf&iS o f rQonfxrkd w S wf rf; ESifh uif;a0;MuzkYd vkyd gonf/ MuKd ;
jcif;jzpfaomfvnf;? bmrQr[kwf ok d Y tuREk f y f w k d Y \ tjypf r sm;ud k ü yg0ifygonf/ pm;usifhorQ yg0ifjyKrlorQ\t
aom trIt&mav;jzih?f tjypfjrif vT w f a wmf r l y g}}[k qkawmif;zkdY ]]xm0&bk&m;udkaMumuf usKd;udk tjynfYt0cHpm;zdkY tcsif;
jyD; cGifhrvTwfEkdifMujcif;udk ,aeY vrf;nTefcJhygonf/ (r? 6;12) &G H U í emrawmf u d k atmuf a rh csi;f cGiv Yf w G Mf uzkYd vkyd gonf/ ,aeY
qifjcifMuyg/ xko d jYdkzpfaeygu rnf wzef? ocifa,½Iu (r? 16; 19) aomol w k d Y t bk d Y a&S U awmf w G i f ,HMk unfot l rd af xmifonfwidk ;f u
okdYrQ tdrfaxmifa&; rom,mEkdif wGif pm&if ; ü rS w f o m;vsuf & S d \ }} bk&m;ocif\tvkdawmfudk emcH
yg/ tdraf xmifom,mvkyd gu vif ]]aumif;uifEkdifiH awmf (rmvcd? 3;16)/ touf&iS v f mygu? a&SUawmfwiG f
ESirhf ,m;? om;orD;ESirhf b d tMum; \aomhwkdYudkvnf; igay;rnf/ uReyfk w f o
Ydk nf ajrBu;D ay: pm&if;rSwfom;orQqkv'frsm;udk
tcsif;csif; tjypfwifp&mtcsuf oifonf ajrMuD;ay:rSm csnf ü &Spd Of vif? r,m;? om;orD;wk\ Yd wrvGefrSm tjynfYt0&&SdNyD;? þ
tvufrsm;udk ,aeY? bk&m;ocif aESmiforQonf aumif;uifbHk tm;enfcsut f jypfudk rvTwyf gu? avmutoufwmüvnf;? 0rf;
\cGiv Yf wG jf cif; arwåmw&m;awmf ü csnf a ES m if v suf & S d v d r f h r nf / aumif;uifbHkü pkrdorQ aumif; ajrmufjcif;ESifhjidrfoufjcif;onf
ukd owd&qifjcifí tjyeftvSef ajrBuD;ay:rSmajzvTwforQonf aomt&mxJrS jyefvnftEIwf rdr\ d tdraf xmifwiG f ae&m,lvm
cG i f h v G w f M uyg/ bk & m;ocif u aumif;uifbHküjznfvTwfvsuf vu© P m jyygrnf / opf o m;? onf Y r *F v mud k cH p m;&rnf j zpf
uREyfk w f uYdk kd tcsi;f csi;f tjypfvw T f &Sdvdrfhrnf}}[k rdefYawmfrlygonf/ aumuf½kd;ESifY jrufyifrsm;omjzpf aMumif; arwåmESifh today;a0iS
zkdY&ef owday;aeygvsuf cGifhr qkdvdkonfrSm? tcsif;csif;tjypf í avmifuRrf;ayrnf/ ravmif vku d yf gonf/
vGwfEkdifbJ&Sdaeygu uREkfyfwkdYom csnfaESmifraeMuyJ? cGifhvTwfMuzkdY uRrf;Ekdifonfha&T? aiGESifY ausmuf
qH;k &H;I &rnfjzpfonf/ bmawGb,f jzpfonf/ ,aeY? uREkfyfwkdY wpf aumif;jzpfzdkY udk,fawmfu tvkd emrawmfjrwfü
vkdqHk;&HI;epfemrnfenf;¿/ a,mufpDu qufjyD; b,fvdkt awmf&o dS nf/ (1aum? 3;12-15)/ nDtpfudkOD;uyfcefYckyf

page 6
 w,fwifjcif;&Ny;D onfh ,Hk bk&m;ocifu aumif;csD;ay;rIY onfomru aom'HjkH rKd Uem;wGif ae 0dnmOfvl cGmoGm;jyD;onfhtcg
Munfow l pfO;D \toufwmonf aMumifh olwkdYESpfOD;pvHk;ü odk;EGm; aomaMumifh xdkjrdKUom;wkdYu ol 0d n mOf v l j zpf o nf h tmjA[H u d k
bk&m;ocif\vufawmfxüJ 0Suf rsm;ESifh<u,f0vmonf/ xkdtcg tm; cs;D ajrm§ ufojzifh w&m;olMu;D bk&m;ocifu ac:jyD; aumif;csD;
xm;vQuf&SdaomaMumifh olonf tmjA[HEiS ahf vmwwk\ Yd od;k ausmif; uJhodkYaom&mxl;ESifh NrdKUrsufESmzHk; r*FvmwpfckjyD; wpfckay;aMumif;
i&JrusawmhyJ? xm0&vHkjcHKrIY tm om;wkdYonf ckduf&efjzpfMuojzifh vlMu;D wpfO;D vnf; jzpfvmygonf/ awGY&onf/ xkdYtwl uREkfyfwkdYt
rcHcsuu f kd bk&m;ocifxaH wmfrS & rdrw
d o Ydk nf nDtpfuckd si;f jzpfMuí tmjA[H\toufwmukd Munfhyg oufwmüvnf; Zmwdwnf;[l
&SdcHpm;jyD;ol jzpfonf/ þcHHpm;& xdkodkYrjzpfoifhaMumif;? rdrdwdkYwpf u vlYtaeESifh pm;usufraumif; aomvla[mif;onf c&pfawmfEiS hf
aomaus;Zl;awmfudk tav;u½k OD;ESifh wpfOD; oD;jcm;cJGaeMu&ef aomae&m &onf[k xifp&m&Sd twlum;wkid üf taocHjy;D jy[ D k cH
xm;jyD; 0dnmOfawmf\yJhjyifoGef ajymjyD; avmwtm; rdrdESpfouf aomfvnf; bk&m;ocifu aumif; ,laomaeYonf aumif;cs;D r*Fvm
oifrIYatmufü bk&m;ociftvdk onfah e&mudk OD;pGma&G;apygonf/ csD;ay;ojzifh odk;EGm;rsm; omru &aomaeY jzpfygonf/ xkdYaMumifh
awmfESihftnD emcHHtouf&Sifae trSefqkd&ygu avmwonf þ t&m&mü<u,f 0 vmonf ud k uREfkyfwkdYtoufwmü Zmwdudk
aomol&Sdovkd? cHpm;&aomaus; aumif;cs;D rsm;pGmudk tmjA[HEiS t hf awGY&onf/ xkdYaMumifh pdrf;vef; jiif;y,fjyD; 0dnmOfawmf\tkyfpdk;
Zl;awmfukd tvJt G oH;k jyKjy;D rdrid &J wl vkdufvmojzifh cHpm;&jcif;jzpf aomusufpm;&m jzpfap? ajcmuf rIaY tmufü touf&iS af exkid rf o S m
oGm;p&mrvdkawmhonfudk odo bk&m;ocifu aumif;csD;ay;rnf
jzihf rdrdZmwdtvdkus avmuMuD; jzpfaMumif; em;vnf&onf/ avm
xJJwGif aysmfaysmfMuD; touf&Sif wonf pdr;f vef;aomusupf m;&m
oGm;Muolrsm;vnf; &SdMuygonf/ t&yfukd &aomfvnf; bk&m;ocif
aus;Zl;awmfudk cHpm;&jyD;aemuf udk aus;Zl;csD;rGrf;vQuf ,Zfyv’if
usef&Sdonfh avmutoufwmü udk rwnfyg/ tmjA[HrSmrl rdrd&
Zmwdoabmtwkid ;f touf&iS o f l onfah e&mtwGuf bk&m;ocifudk
ESifh0dnmOfawmftvdkt& touf aus;Zl ; wif j yD ; ,Zf y v’ i f w nf
&SifolwkdY\toufwmü cHpm;& aMumif; awGY&onf/
onfh tusK;d &v'fonfrsm;pGm jcm;
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page 7
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page 8
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page 9
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OD;pDonf {0Ha*vdtrIawmfjrwfü ü azmfjyxm;ygonf/ odkYjzpfí uGsekfyfwdkY ,HkMunfolrsm;taeESifh jrJwnfaomAdrmefwnf;[laom
yg 0ifjcif;onf bk&m;ocif\'kwd wpfOD;csif; {0Ha*vdvkyfief;ü yg cHpm;&aomaus;Zl;awmfudk od aumif;uifEdkifiHü uGsEkfyfwdkYudk
, zefqif;jcif; vkyfief;awmfBuD; 0ifjcif;tm;jzifh vlwpfOD;onf ,Hk rSwfNyD; aus;Zl;wifaomoabm vufcHBudKqdkMurnfjzpfygonf/
ü twlwuG yg0ifjcif;jzpfonf/ Munfajymif;vJvmygu xdo k o
l nf jzifh yg0ifMuzd&Yk ef jzpfygonf/ (Asm? or®musrf;pmü aumif;uifbHkt
(urÇm? 2)wGif bk&m;ocifonf 'kwd,arG;jcif; cH&oljzpfovdk t 3;20)wGif ud, k af wmfu {0Ha*vd aMumif; tao;pdyf jynfhjynfhpHkpHk
vlukd rdro
d @efawmfEiS t hf nD zef jypfom;wpfO;D jzpfonfh yxrtm'H w&m; Mum;em;xm;ol\pdwEf v S ;kH razmfjyxm;yg/ odkYaomf uGsEkfyfwdkY

page 10
twGuf bk&m;ocif jyifqifxm; &SifpOf uREkfyfwdkY\tcsdef? aiG onfhtcg bk&m;ocifxHrS qktjzpf onf/ {0Ha*vdtrIawmfjrwfvyk f
aom xm0&aumif;uifb&kH o dS nf aMu;? udk,fwdkifyg0ifrItouf &rnfh0rf;ajrmufjcif; o&zlrsm;yif ief;ü yg0if&jcif;r&Sad o;ygu ,ck
rSmaocsmygonf/ uGsEyfk w f Ykd avm wmtm;jzifh tjrJwnfaomt jzpfygonf/ odkYjzpfí uGsEkfyfwdkYonf yif qkawmif;qufuyfí bk&m;
u toufwmü ayghayghqq t usKd ;ud&k zdYk tjrwJ nfaomtaqG rjrJaomavmu toufwmü t ocif\toHk;cHEdkifzdkY&ef touf
ouf&SifcJhNyD; uREkfyfwdkY\aiGaMu;? &zdkY touf&SifoifhMuayonf/ ouf&Sifae&pOf rjrJaomt&m? wpf wmudk jyifqifvQuf touf&Sif
tcsdef? toufwmudk udk,fawmf (zd? 4;1) wpfOD;csif; {0Ha*vd cPom wnfrnfht&mrsm;twGuf Muyg&ef arwåmESifh today;a0iS
twGuf toHk;rjyKcJhrdojzifh rnf yg0ifrItm;jzifh rsm;pGmaom tcsdefay;touf&Sifaeovm;/ odkY vdu
k &f ygonf/
onfth &mrQ rygbJ aumif;uifbkH aumif;csD;rsm;udk uREkfyfwdkYt r[kwf xm0&wnfrnfh 0dnmOfu,f
ü uGsekfyfwdkYudk BudKqdkrnfholr&SdbJ wGuf bk&m;ocifu odkxm;yg wifjcif;vkyfief;jzpfonfh {0Ha*vd emrawmfjrwfü
vufcsnf;oufouf 0if&ygu onf/ uGsEyfk w f tYkd m;jzifh ajymif; trIawmfjrwfBuD;ü yg0iftouf&Sif nDtpfudkOD;uyfusifhxef
rnfrQ0rf;enf;p&m aumif;rnf vJvmaom,HMk unforl sm;onf aeovm;[k rdrdwdkY toufwmudk
enf;/ xdkYaMumifh avmutouf uGsEkfyfwdkYaumif;uifbHka&muf owdjyKqifjcif touf&Sifoifhyg

avmuBuD ; xJ w G i f ae? pGm tvkyfvkyfMu&onf/ t wef ; ynmatmif j rif z k d Y & ef OmPf tmjA[Honf rdrZd eD;pm&m aoqH;k
av? tvif;a&mifponfwkdYonf vkyfrvkyfaomolonf tpm aumif;&HkESifhr&? tzkd;tcay;í BudK; aomtcg rdrdr,m;tm; jr§KyfESHzkdY
vlrsm;twGuf toH;k jyKz&Ydk ef bk&m; rpm;&yg/ taMumif;rSm tvkyf pm;tm;xkw&f rnf/ bJ&YG zkYd &efrl omí ajruGufudk tykdif&vkdí {z&eft
ocifu tcrJh jyifqifay;xm; rvkyfaomolonf tpmvnf; BudK;pm; tzdk;tc ay;&rnfjzpfyg rsKd;om;ydkifonfh rayÜvajruGuf
aomt&mrsm;jzpfonf/ bk&m; rpm;apESifh[k bk&m;&Sif udk,f onf/ <u,f0 csrf;omvkdyguvnf; udk tbk;d xku d of rQ aiGEiS hf a&mif;zkYd
ocif tcrJh&apaomt&mrsm;rS ajymygonf/ xkt d cg {z&dru f t
ty usefaomt&mrsm;udk &vkd zkd;aiG r,l tcrJhay;ygonf/ odkY
ygu tzkd;tcay;Mu&onf/ t aomf tmjA [HBu;D onf tzk;d tc
aMumif;rSm bk&m;ocifu uREyfk w f Ydk ray;bJ tcrJh r,lvadk Mumif; ajym
udk,fwkdifvkyfaqmifNyD;rS auseyf ygonf/ aemufqHk;wGif aiGav;
rI&apvkdí jzpfonf/ (u? 3;17- ydómtzk;d ay;í ajruGuu f kd 0,f
19)wGif vlonf ajrtoD;udk wpf Ny;D rS rdrrd ,m;pm&mtm; oj*KØ vyf g
oufv;kH pm;&rnf/ xko d pYdk m;zkYd acR; onf/ tmjA[H\toufwmonf
xGufonfwkdif yifyef;pGm vkyfí ,aeY c&pf,mefrsm;tygt0if
pm;&rnf[k azmfjyxm;ygonf/ þ trIawmfaqmifrsm;twGuf oif
onfum; vlYtouf&SifrIESifh qkdif cef;pm,lp&m jzpfygonf/ c&pf
aom ed,mrw&m;wpfckjzpfovdk ,mefrsm; rnfonft h rIurkd Q yifyif
tjypfw&m;aMumifh vlü cHpm;& yef;yef;? rvkyf&bJ aiGaMu;udk
onfq h ;kd usK;d &v'fwckvnf; jzpfyg awmfwidk u f rdeq Yf x
dk m;onfjzpf tvkyfudk BudK;pm;vkyfudkif&rnf/ aiG rsm;pGm &,lvkdpdwfr&SdoifhMuyg/
onf/ wpfaeY xrif;ESpef yfpm;&zkYd í uREkfyfwkdYonf tvkyfrvkyf aMu; oHk;pJGrIudk acRwm&rnf/ y&rf; ,aeY vltrsm;u tzk;d tc ray;
vlwkdif;yifyef;pGm tzkd;tcay;& bJ ysi;f &dpmG aejcif;udk bk&m;&Sif ywmroHk;rS pnf;pepf&SdrS wjznf; bJaiGudk tacsmif&,lvkdMuonf/
onf/ v,form;rsm;u pyg;&zkdY tvkdawmf r&Sdyg/ jznf;<u,f0rIudk &vmEkdifygonf/ xkad Mumifh csx J ;dk Muonf/ ESpv f ;kH xD
tqifq h ifh yifyef;pGm vkyaf qmif& pm;a&;? aomufa&;? aea&;twGuf xkd;Muonf/ trsm;u aygufMu
ovkd? v,frvkyfolrsm;uvnf; tacsmif&vkdpdwfr&Sdoifh vnf; tzkd;tcay;rSom cHpm;&Ekdif onfhtwGuf tcsKdUc&pf,mefrsm;
pyg; 0,fEkdifzkdYaiG&&ef yifyef;BuD; ausmif ; om;rsm; t rnfjzpfygonf/ (u? 23;1-20)wGif u aoG;aqmifrüI ygoGm;Muonf/

page 11
,aeY ausmif;om;rsm; pmrBuKd ;pm; aMumif; qDavQmfatmifajymqkdí &m&mü apwempdwfESifh jyKMu&ef aomfvnf; trIaqmif&u G cf udk xdk
bJ? atmifjrifvMdk uonf/tacsmif rdrwd oYdk moemvkyif ef;rsm;udk wif bk&m;ocifu rdefYawmfrlygonf/ NrKd UwGif rcH&Muyg/ odaYk omf xkt d rI
atmifjrifví dk pmar;yJüG q&m^r jyNy;D acR;enf;pmrygaomaiGaMu; bk&m;&Siu f apwempdwEf iS jhf yKjcif; udk bk&m;ocifu odjrifrSwf,l
rsm; rodatmif wdwfwqdwf ul; rsm;pGmudk &,lvkdMuonf/ xkdodkY udk ESpo f ufygonf/ ay;vSL&mwGif xm;ygonf/ aeAkc'faeZmrif;ESihf
,lMuonf/ xdkatmifjrifrIu rSef aomenf;jzifh &aomaiGESifh trI vnf; apwempdwfESifh ay;vSLol ppfo&l w J o Ydk nf bk&m;ocif\trI
uefaom atmifjrifrIr[kwf? xkd awmfaqmifvMdk uonf/ omoem jzpfzkdY bk&m;ociftvdkawmf &Sdyg udk aqmif&Gufonfjzpfí xkdtrI
odaYk omenf;jzifh atmifjrifvpdk w d f vkyfief; aqmif&GufvkdMuonf/ onf/ tvkyform;u rdrdtvkyf aqmif&u G cf tjzpf tJ*w k Lå jynfEiS hf
c&pf,mefrsm;wGif r&SdoifhMuyg/ bk&m;ocif\tvkdawmfrSm xkdodkY udk wm0efausatmifvyk yf gu xkd vuf&OpömtrsK;d rsK;d udk bk&m;ocif
(2&m? 24;1-25) 'g0d'o f nf £o r[kwfyg/ rdrdacR;enf;pmjzifh & oabmxm;ESifh vkyfaqmifrIudk u aeAkc'faeZmrif;vufodkY tyf
a&vvlwkdYudk a&wGufrdaomtrI aomaiG? rdrv d yk t
f m;ygaomor®m bk&m;&Sifu odjrifjyD; aumif;csD; jyD; trIaqmif&Gufcudk a0iSapyg
aMumifh bk&m;ocif\trsux f uG f "d &SdaomaiGjzifh xm0&bk&m;udk ay;rnfjzpfygonf/ rdrdwkdYu wm onf/ uREkfyfwkdYonf rdrdwkdYvkyf
í 'gPfcwfjcif;udk cH&ojzifh vl ,ZfylaZmfzdkY&ef bk&m;ociftvkd 0efausatmif vkyaf qmifygvQuf aqmif&ef&SdonfhtrIudk apwem
rsm;pGm aoaomaMumifh xdu k mv awmf&ydS gonf/ xdu
k w f efaomvkytf m;cray;onfh pdwEf iS hf wm0efausatmif jyKMuyg/
emab; jidrf;zkdY&ef bk&m;ocif\ xko d v
Ykd yk af qmifo&l oifo h nfx h u dk f
trdeaYf wmftwkid ;f ,Zfyv’iw f nf oifhaomvkyfcudk &zkdYbk&m;&Sifu
í ylaZmfz&Ydk ef a,Akov d l ta&me jyifqifrnf jzpfygonf/ xkdtwl
xHodkY oGm;ygonf/ 'g0d'fonf ,HkMunfol tvkyf&Sifrsm;uvnf;
oufOD;qHydkif bk&ifjzpfí xkdajr tvkyform;rsm;tay:ü xkduf
uGufudk tcrJh,lEkdifygonf/ t oifhaomvkyfcudk ray;bJ acgif;
a&meuvnf; rif;BuD;pdwfawmf yHkjzwfjcif; rsKd;rjzpfoifhyg/
&Sdonfhtwkdif; ajruGufudk ,lí
xm0&bk&m;tm; ylaZmfz&Ydk ef tcrJh bk&m;ocifjrifawmfrl\
ay;ygonf/ odkYaomf 'g0d'fonf bk&m;ocif\ trIawmf
tcrJh r,lyg/ aiGtusyfig;q,f aqmifrsm;onfvnf; bk&m;ocif
ay;í aumufe,fwvif;ESifh EGm; a&SUwGif wm0efausMuzkdY vkdyg
wkdYudk 0,fNyD;rS xm0&bk&m;tzkdY onf/ rdrdwdkYq&morm;rsm;a&SU
,Zfyv’iu f w kd nfí rD;&SKd U&m,ZfEiS hf jyKav&m&mü tvky&f iS rf sm;udv k nf; bk&m;ocif wGif wpfrsK;d aemufu, G wf iG f wpf
rdwfo[m,,ZfwkdYudk ylaZmfyg apwempdwf&Sdyg rESpfoufyg/ tvkyf&Sifu xkduf rsKd; r&SifoifhMuyg/ rdrdwdkYudk OD;
onf/ 'g0d'fonf udk,faiGrukef (okwåH? 22;29) rdrd vkyf wefpmG ay;onfjzpfap? ray;onf aqmifaomq&mu rjrifaomf
bJ xm0&bk&m;tm; ,ZfrylaZmf aqmif&rnfhtrIudpöudk rcdkruyf jzpfap uREkfyfwkdYtydkif;u bk&m; vnf; bk&m;ocifu jrifí rSwf
vkdyg/ tacsmif&aomt&monf BudK;pm;í vkyfaqmifwwfaom ocifa&SUwGif wm0efausMuzkdYjzpf ,laeaMumif; rarhoifhyg/ uREkfyf
xm0&bk&m;a&SUwGif ay;vSLzdkYyif pdwo f abmxm;udk bk&m;ocifu ygonf/ xdt Yk wl tvky&f iS rf sm;u wkYd bk&m;ocifa&SUwGif wm0efaus
rwifhw,fyg/ acR;enf;pmjzifh & ESpo
f ufygonf/ tcsKUd aomolrsm; vnf; rdrdwkdYtvkyform;rsm;t ygu xku d w
f efaomtcudk bk&m;
aomt&mjzifh ylaZmfjcif;onfom onf rdrdwkdY&aomvkyfcESifh xkduf ay:ü xku d w f efaomvkyt f m;cudk ocifxrH S cHpm;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/
vQif bk&m;ocifa&SUwGif arT;BuKd if wefatmif tvkyfrvkyfbJ ckduyf ay;zkdY bk&m;ocif tvkdawmf&Sdyg xkdYtwl odk;awmfpkudk Munfh½IMu&
aom&eHY&Sdygonf/ 'g0d'f\ESvHk; aeMuonf/ xkdokdYvkyfaeMuonf onf/ (a,Z? 29;18-21)wGif ae aom odk;xdef;rsm;onfvnf; rdrd
om;onf bk&m;ocifa&SUwGif ESpf udk tvkyf&Sifu rjrifaomfvnf; Akc'faeZmonf ol\ppfo&l w J uYdk kd wkdY ,HkMunfolwpfOD;pD\tajct
oufb, G Ef vS ;Hk om; jzpfygonf/, bk&m;ocifuodjrifygonf/(aum w½kNrdKUwbufü rsm;pGmaomtrI aeESifh vkdtyfrIudk owdjyKNyD; od
aeYomref,HkMunfolrsm;rqdkxm; 3;23) xkdaMumifh vkyfaqmifav udk aqmif&GufapaMumif; azmfjy oifhygonf/ (r? 13; 45-46)wGif
ESihf rdru
d , kd u f t kd rIawmfaqmif[k &m&mü vl\trIuo kd m aqmif&uG f xm;ygonf/ppfol&JwkdYonf t ukeo f nfwpfO;D onf tvGet f bk;d
rSwf,lajymqkdaeMuaomolrsm; ouJhodkYr[kwf ocifbk&m;\trI vkyfyifyef;í acgif;rSqHyifuRwf xkdufaom ykvJudk awGYaomtcg
yifvQif tjcm;olrsm;xHü usKd; awmfudkaqmif&GufouJhodkY jyKav NyD; ycHk;rsm;yGef;onfhwkdifvkyfMu& oGm;í rdrdü&SdonfhOpöm&SdorQudk

page 12
a&mif;NyD; tzkd;tcay;í ykvJudk onf/ ,aeY vlrsm;pGm ajymif;vJzYdk &v'fudk trSefyif cHpm;&rnfjzpf tcudk ay;í xm0&bk&m;a&SU
0,faMumif; awGY&onf/ xkdYtwl &ef? tzkd;tc ray;bJ r&Ekdifyg/ aomfvnf; i,f&G,fpOfu 0d&d, awmfwiG f ESpo
f ufz,
G af om,Zfukd
c&pfawmfonf uREyfk w f uYdk kd &zk&Yd ef vlrsm;pGm ajymif;vJzkdY&ef bk&m; pdu
k x f w k f MuKd ;pm;jcif;r&Sd tzd;k tc ylaZmfaomolrsm;jzpfMuzkdY rdrdwkdY
aumif;uifbkef;pnf;pdrfudk pGefY ocif\ tvkdawmfudk vlrsm;pGm ay;í tm;xkwfrI rjyKcJholrsm; toufwmudk jyifqifoifah Mumif;
vQuf ajrMuD;ay:odkY qif;<uvm odvmap&ef tzkd;tcay;oludk onf t&G,af &mufvm onfh tcg arwåmjzifh today;a0iSvkduf&yg
um rdrdtoufudkpGefYí tzkd;tc bk&m;ocifu aumif;csD;ray;bJ aumif;aomtusKd;&v'fudk rcH onf/
Ny;D tydik 0f ,f,yl gonf/ q&m,k' raeyg/ i,f&G,fpOfu aumif; pm;Ekid yf g/ xkad Mumifh uREyfk w
f o
Ydk nf
óefonfvnf; jrefrmEkdifiHü t aomtzk;d tcudk ay;í rdbpum; tcrJh tacsmif&vkdaomoabm emrawmfjrwfü
zkd;tcay;cJhaomaMumifh uREkfyfwkdY udk em;axmifcohJ ?l ynmudk MuKd ;pm; jzifh touf&SifaeMuolrsm; rjzpf nDtpfudkOD;',feD&,f
tygt0ifrsm;pGmaomolrsm;onf íoif,lcJholonf t&G,fa&muf oifhbJ? tmjA[H? 'g0d'fESifh &Sif
c&pfawmfbk&m;udk odcGifh&cJhMuyg vmonft h cg aumif;aomtusK;d aygvkwkdYuJhodkY rSefuefaomtzkd;

({? 1;7-12) uGsekfyfwdkYod tMuHtpnfawmfom awmif;ay;&ef ajymqdkonf/ xdk aumif;csD;udk cHpm;&rnfjzpfjyD;? r

onf j zpf a p? rod o nf j zpf a p jynfhpHk&mwnf; trsKd ;orD;udk r&onfah emuf jynfh emcHbJ rvdu k af vQmufygu bk&m;
bk&m;&Sifonf rdrd\tMutpnf (w&m;? 13-16) &SHqkefonf wefqmrdef;rwpfOD;udk awGUNyD; ocif\tvdkawmfonf jynfhpHk
awmfMuD;udk jynfhpHkapzkYd&ef vkyf zGm;ptcsed u
f yif bk&m;&Si\f tMuH olx
Y o H Ykd 0ifygonf/ xdrk S qufí aomfvnf; xdo k t l oufwmü qH;k
aqmifvQu&f ydS gonf/ wcsed w f nf; tpnfawmfESifhtnD emZ&dvlt a'vd,trnf&Sd rdef;rwpfOD;udk &HI;rIudk cH&rnfjzpfygonf/ &SHqkef
üyif rm&fewfonf bk&m;&Sif cGifh jzpf a&G;cs,jf cif;cH&aomol jzpfNy;D cspfjyefygonf/ &SHqkefonf rdrd\ onf rdrt d rSm;twGuf aemifw&
jyKonfhtwdkif; xm0&bk&m;\t í bk&m;&Six f rH cS eG t
f m;udk aemuf
vdak wmf tMut H pnfawmfukd qefY qH;k &&SNd y;D ,ciftouf&iS cf pYJ Of t
usifbdkY&ef vkyfaqmifvQuf&Sdyg csed u
f xuf omírsm;aom zdvw d då
onf/ bk&m;&Sifonf uGsekfyfwdkYudk vlwdkYudk owfEdkifcJhaomfvnf; ol
vGwv f yfpmG touf&iS cf iG ahf y;xm; ud, k w f ikd f touf½;IH cJ&Y onf/ rdcif
ygonf/ pmwefrm&fewf\tkyfpdk; 0rf;twGif;uyif bk&m;&Sif tMuH
rI aemufudkvdkufNyD; ysufpD;jcif; tpnfawmf&SdcJYolonf touf
vrf;udk a&G;cs,fEdkifovdk? bk&m; wmü rnfrQtm;enf;cJhapumrl
ocif\tkyfpdk;rIudk0efcHvQuf OD; bk&m;&Sif\ tMuHtpnfawmfudk
xdyx f m;jy;D tvdak wmfEiS thf nD t jznfhqnf;&onf/ &SHqkeftay:
ouf&Sifjcif;tm;jzifh bk&m;ocif wGif bk&m;ocif\tMuHtpnf
\bkef;awmfudk xif&Sm;apvQuf awmfonf vTrf;rdk;aeaomfvnf;
touf&iS Ef ikd yf gonf/ bk&m;ocif vGwfvyfpGm a&G;cs,f&mü bk&m;
onf tvdkawmf\eufeJaomt ol Y t m;jzif h £oa&vvl w d k Y u d k aoG;om;wyfrufjcif;aemufudk ocif\tvdkawmfudk tMuGif;rJh r
&mudk uGsekfyfwdkYtm; jyawmfrlyg zdvw d vdå w
l v
Ykd ufrS u,fEw
I zf Ykd jzpf om vdu k cf o YJ jzifh aemufq;kH &efol emcHcJYaomaMumifh aumif;csD;qHk;
onf/ bk&m;ocifonf uREkfyfwdkY onf/ zGm;puyif qHyifr&dwf? tzrf;cH&jy;D rsuaf phazmufjcif;udk ½IH;cJh&onf/ odkUaomf bk&m;ocif
tm; ol\bkef;awmftwGuf zef pyspf&nfrrSD0J? rpifMu,faomt cHcJY&ygonf/ vlwpfOD;\ touf \tvdkawmfudkrlum; rnfolrQ
qif;xm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ pmudk rpm;apyg/ odaYk omf olonf wmü bk&m;ocif\tMuHtpnf jiif;qefqD;wm;jcif; rjyKEdkifaom
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;rcHaom zdvdwåd awmf&cdS v YJ Qif xdo
k o l nf0rf;ajrmuf aMumifh jyD;jynfhpHkcJhonf/
trsKd ;orD;udk wyfrufí rdbwdu Yk kd jcif;ESifh emcHí vdkufavQmufygu

page 13
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