Jims in MANUAL 21.713.3.2. Vie Trust Act |, Deborah Ann Neal now known as: Wadjet Nekhbet Ra El, Indigenous, Autochthonous Flesh and Blood Woman of Blackfoot Descent, Claims in Accord with: the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous peoples (htto://www.un.org,/Docs/journal/asp/ws.asp?m=A/RES/66/142 : {htto://www.un.org/es2/socdev/unpfii/documents/DRIPS en.odf): Constitution of the : At-sik-hata : Nation of: Yamassee-Moors: (htto://www.scribd.com/doc/59269375/yConstitution : Presidential Proclamation 7500: HJR-194- (htto://www.200.2ov/ fdsys/oka/BIL.S-110hres 194eh/pdf: S. Con Res. 26- http://www.gp0.gov/fdsys/pke/BILLS- 111sconres26rfh/pdf/BILLS-111sconres26rfh.pdf > : HIR-3 ;1975 Inter-America Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous peoples: 2 Stat. 153. Title 8 USC 876, IRS Mission Statement: htto://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-news/ir-98-59.od¥, that | am not a decedent(IRS MANUAL 27.7.13.3.2.2), 1am alive and | am not dead(1540 Cestui Que Vie Trust Act,1666 Cestui Que Vie Trust Act,1707 Cestui Que Vie Trust Act hitto://legislation.gov.uk/apgb/Ann/6/72 | want the records held in ‘computer database which may list me as deceased to be changed to alive/living. According to IRS MANUAL 21.7.13,3.2.2 : An infant is the deceased of an estate or grantor owner or trustor of a trust. ‘guardianship.receivership or custodianship that has yet to receive an SSN: http://www. irs.gov/irm/part21/irm/21- 007013¢. html, Declarationofassuptivedeathisafiction:G.R.No.160258 Republic of The Philippines w. Glorai BermudeX-Lorino: hitto://ca.judiciary.gov.ph/index.php?action=mnuactual contents&ap=70100&p=y. | have an SSN Number, so by the IRS MANUAL:21.7.13.3.2.2. | am not a decedent: (Black’s Law dictionary.Pg.435-decedent n. A dead person, esp.one has recently died). ! am no longer liable for: a) Maritime Lien being enforced against me. b) securities being taken out of the estate. ‘All maritime Liens currently being enforced against me | hereby claim invalid, null & void. Ab initio- nun pro tune. See: liber code Art. 3, 31, 38 : (http://www. icre.ong/ihl.nsf/FUL/195 . | am the infant who does have an SSN number [ 490-56-2992 ] which makes me the beneficiary of this trust. The SSN and the Name vests within me; an Indigenous Autochthonous living Woman of Blackfoot Descent. Being that the IRS works in Admiralty, the IRS according to it’s own code, can no longer enforce any maritime Liens ‘against myself, as | have now claimed: | am not lost at sea nor am | a decedent/vessel in commerce (1707 Cestui Que Via Trust Act, U.K.). Jurat United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples- hntto://www.un,or/esa/socdev/unpfli/documents/DRIPS.odf UN Declaration on the rights of Indigenous Peoples, UN Convention on Economic, Social & Cultural Rights, United Nation Charters; Article 55 & 56; Presidential Proclamation 7500, H.LR. 194,5. Con. Res 26, $1200, HIR-3. 7 y MARGH 2016 Affirmed to and subscribed before me this tr \___ day of Gasemabecza35. wn ela rats Personally Known V | Produced Identification CA DL. NS&S 6354 Type and # aia 4 My Commission Expires 4 Seco te ae foe Mater d Public NotaryCALIFORNIA JURAT ‘Anotary public or other officer completing this certificate verifies only the identity of the individual who signed the document, to which this certificate is attached, and not the truthfulness, accuracy, or validity of that document. STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF Draeato _} S net. Subscribed and sworn to (or affirmed) before me on this_> 0 day of __["\Gech 4 tote Month w_ Deborah tan JenKing ‘Nome of Signers proved to me on the basis of satisfactory evidence to be the persons) who appeared before me. ) ‘CON. 2079685, BS FINOTARY PUBLIC- CALIFORNIA) ‘ yee ey sy 5m, MANMEET WALIA & a ‘SACRAMENTO COUNTY Prone. Bo cou EXPIRES SEPT 23,2018 Signature: Signature of Notary Public Seal Place Notary Seal Above OPTIONAL -- Though this section is optional, completing this information can deter alteration of the document or fraudulent attachment of this form to an unintended document. Description of Attached Document y A Sere Title or Type of Document: kiu-vh Kaims_in Aeckd usith (RQ Mooval Document Date: Number of Pages: Signer(s) Other Than Named Above:THE CESTUI QUE VIE ACT 1540 (G2 Hen. 8 c. 37) (Extracted from Halsbury's Statutes of England (2nd edition), ‘Vol. 9, p. 655] For recoving of Arrerages by Executors & Administratols. Arrears of rent, etc. not recoverable by executors, etc. at common law.-Forasmuch as by thordre of the comon lawe thexecutours and administratours of (tenants) in fee simple (tenants) in fee taile & (tenants) for terme of lifes of rentis services rent charges rente (seck) and fee fermes have no remedy to (recover) such arrerages of the said rentis or fee fermes as were due unto their testatours in their lifes, nor yet the heires of suche testatour nor army (person) having the reversion of his estate aftre his deceace may distraine or have anny laufull action to levye army suche arrerages of rentis or fee fermes due unto him in his life as is aforesaid; by reason whereof the tenantis of the [demayne 1] of suche landis tenementis or hereditamentis out of the whiche suche rentis were due and paieable who of right {out 2] to pay their rentis and fermes (3) suche daies and termes as they were due, doo many tymes kepe holde and retaine such arrerages in their owne handis, so that thexecutours and administratours of the (persons) to whome suche rentis or fee fermes were due cannot have or (come) by the said arrerages of the same towardis the payment of the dettis and (performance) of the will of the said testatours; for remedy wherof be it enacted by auctoritie of this (present) (parliament) that [1] Executors, etc. may maintain action of debt for arrears of rent due to testator; or distrain the immediate tenant.-The executours and administratours of (every) suche (person) or (persons) unto whome any suche rent or fee ferme is or shalbe due and not paid at the tyme of his deathe shall and may have an action of dett for all suche arrerages, against the tenant or tenantis that ought to have paide the said rent or fee fermes so being behinde in the life of their testatour, or against thexecutours and administratours of the said tenantis: And also furthermore it shalbe laufull to (every) suche executour and administratour of any suche (person) or (persons), unto whome suche rent of feferme is or shalbe due and not paid at the tyme of his deathe as is aforesaid, to distraine for the arrerages ofall suche rentis and fee fermes upon the landis tenementis and other thereditamentis, whiche were charged with the payment of suche rentis or fee fermes, and chargeable to the {[distrees' of the said testatour, so longe as the said landis tenementis or (’) hereditamentis contynue remaine and be in the season or possession of the said tenant in [demaine] who ought ymmediately to have pald the said rent or fee ferme so being behinde to the said testatour in his life, ‘or in the season or possession of anny other (person) or (persons) clayming the said (lands) (tenements) & hereditamentis onely by and from the said tenant by purchace gifte or discent; in like maner and fourme as their said testatour mought or ought to have doon in his life tyme, and the said ‘executours and acministratours shall for the same distresse laufully make avowry uppon their matier afforesaid.3. Husband may recover rent due in right of his wife deceased. And .... if army man which nowe hhathe or heraftre shalhave in the right of his wif army estate in fee symple fee tail] or for terme of life 1 demeane 0. 2 ought 0. Bate 0. 4 distresse 0. 5 other 0. 6 demeane 0. of or in any rentis or fee fermes, and the same rentis or fee fermes nowe be or herafter shalbe due byhinde and unpaid in the said wifes lif, [than 1] the said husbaund aftre the death of his said wife his executours and administratours shall have an action of dett for the said arrerages against the tenaunt of the demeane that ought to have paid the same his executours or administratours, and also the said husbaund after the death of his said wife may distraine for the said arrerages, in like manner and fourme as he mought have doon yf his said wif had ben {than 1) lyving, and make avowry ‘uppon his said matier as is aforesaid. 4, Persons entitled to rents, during the life of another, may recover the same after death of cestui que vie-. .. . yf any (person) or (persons) whiche nowe have or herafter shalhave any rentis or fee fermes for terme of life or lyves of anny other (person) or (persons), and the said rent or fee farme nowe be ot heraftre shalbe due behinde and unpaid in the life of suche (person) or (persons) for ‘whose life or lifes the estate of the said rent or fee ferme did depend or contynue, and aftre the said (person) or (persons) doth dye, [than 1] he unto whome the said rent or fee ferme was due {in fourme aforesaid, his executours and administratours, shall and may have an action of dett against the tenant in demeane that ought to have paid the same whan it first was due his executours and administratours, and also distrayne for the same arrerages uppon suche landis and tenementis, ut of the whiche the said rentis or fee fermes were yssuyng and payeable, in suche like maner and fourme as he ought or might have doon if suche (person) or (persons), by whose deathe the aforesaid astate in the said rentis and fee fermes was determined and expired, had ben in full lif and not deade, Note: Words in round brackets represent words which cannot be reproduced locally in their original type.Cestui Que Vie Act 1666 Page 1 of 3 legislation.gov.uk “The National Archives, Help SteMap Accessiiy ContactUs Cymraeg Home About Us Browse Legislation NewLegislation Changes To Legislation Search Legislation Tite Year: Number [ 1p: A oan eng oy Search Cestui Que Vie Act 1666 1686 c. 14 (Regnal. 18_and_19_Cha_2) Whole Act Table of Contents Content More Resources @ Previous Next Plain View Print Options Changes to legislatior 9: There are curently ne known outstanding effects forthe Cestui Que Vie Act 1688. 6) Cestui Que Vie Act 1666 1666 CHAPTER 11 18 and 19 Cha 2 ‘An Act for Redresse of Inconveniencies by want of Proofe of the Deceases of Persons beyond the Seas or absenting themselves, Upon whose Lives Estates doe depend. X4Recital that Cestul que vies have gone beyond Sea, and that Reversioners cannot find out whether they are alive or dead. Whereas diverse Lords of Mannours and others have granted Estates by Lease for one or more life of lives, or else for yeares: determinable upon one or more life or lives And it hath often happened that such person or persons for whose le or ives such Estates have beene granted have gone beyond the Seas or sce absented themselves for many yeares that the Lessors and Reversioners cannot finde out whether such person or persons be alive or dead by reason whereof such Lessors and Reversioners hhave beene held out of possession oftheir Tenements for many yeares after al the lives upon which such Estates depend are dead in regard that the Lessors and Reversioners when they have brought Actions forthe recovery oftheir Tenements have beene putt upon itto prove the death oftheir Tennants when itis almost impossible for them to discover the same, For remedy of which mischeife soe ‘requently happening to such Lessors or Reversioners. ‘Annotations: © Editorial Information x“ ‘Abbreviations or cortractons in he riginal frm of this Act have Been expanded ino modern leteng nthe est set out above and below http://www. legislation.gov.uk/aep/Cha2/18-19/11 3/7/2016Cestui Que Vie Act 1666 Page 2 of 3 Modifications etc. (not altering text) ct u ‘Shot le “The Costu que Vie Act 1686" even by Sisto Law Revision Act 1848 (6 62), Seh.2 Preamble omited in pat under autory of Sate Law Revision Ac 1848 (c 62), Soh. Cetin words of enactment repeated by Sine Law Revision Act 1888 (© 9) and remainder omiad under authorty of Sie Law Revision Act 1048 (¢ 62) 8.3 CCostui que vie remaining beyond Sea for Seven Years together and no Proof of their Lives, Judge in Action to direct a Verdict as though Cestui que vie were dead. I such person or persons for whose Ife or Ives such Estates have beene or shall be granted as aforesaid shall remaine beyond the Seas or elsewhere absent themselves in this Realme by the space of seaven yeares together and noe sufficient and evident proofe be made ofthe lives of such person or persons respectively in any Action commenced for recovery of such Tenements by the Lessors or Reversioners in every such case the person or persons upon whose life or lves such Estate depended shall be accounted as naturally dead, And in every Action brought for the recovery of the ‘sald Tenements by the Lessors or Reversioners their Heires or Assignes, the Judges before whom such Action shall be ‘brought shal ect the Jury to give their Verdict as if the person soe remaining beyond the Seas or otherwise absenting himsetfe were dead, Annotations: ‘Amendments (Textual) ft ' lNrapeced by Statute Law Revlon Act 1648 c 62), Sch 4 Annotations: ‘Amendments (Textual) A 6. rpasied by Statute Law Revision Act 1869 (6 128) Ifthe supposed dead Man prove to be alive, then the Title is revested. Action for mean Profits with Interest. [Provided alwayes That if any person or [person of] persons shall be evicted out of any Lands or Tenements by vertue of this Act, and afterwards if such person or persons upon whose life or lives such Estate or Estates depend shall rretume againe from beyond the Seas, or shall on proof in any Action to be brought for recovery of the same [X3to] be mage appeare tobe lveing; or to have beene lveing atthe time ofthe Evcton That then and from thenceforth the Tennant or Lessee who was outed of the same his oF ther Execuors Administrators or Assignes shal of may reenter ‘epossesse have hold and enjoy the said Lands or Tenements in his or thee former Estate for and dureing the Life or Lives or soe long terme as the said person or persons upon whose Life or Lives the said Estate or Estates depend shal be lveing, and alsoe shall upon Action or Actions to be brought by him or them against the Lessors Reversioners or Tennants in possession or ther persons respectively which since the tme of the said Eviction received the Profits of the said Lands or Tenements recover for damages the ful Profits ofthe saié Lands of Tenements respectively with lawful Interest for and fom the time that he or they were outed ofthe said Lands of Tenement, and Kept of held out of the same by the said Lessors Reversoners Tennans or other persons who after the sai Eviction received the Profits ofthe said Lands or Tenements or any of them respectively as wel inthe case when the said person or persons upon ‘whose Life or Lives such Estate or Estates did depend are or shall be dead atthe time of bringing ofthe said Acton or ‘Acona al sad peraon persone’ where tea bel] Annotations: © Editorial information http://www legislation. gov.uk/aep/Cha2/18-19/11 3/7/2016Cestui Que Vie Act 1666 Page 3 of 3 Fy ‘annexed tothe Orginal Act na soparte Schedule a ‘Varint reading of the ext noted in The Statutes ofthe Resim as follows: O. omits [0 relersto a callecon in the Hoary of Teity Colege, Cambri} Previous Next ‘All content is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise sisted © cro RESID http://www. legislation. gov.uk/aep/Cha2/18-19/11 3/7/2016The Cestui Que Vie Act 1707 Page 1 of 3 legislation.gov.uk Help Ste Map Accessioy. Contact Us Home AboutUs Browse Legislation New Legislation Changes To Legislation. Search Legislation Tie: Year: Number Type: All Legian oxcing rat) ¥ Boar! Advanced Search The Cestui Que Vie Act 1707 4707 €.72(Regnal. §_Ann) Whole Act Prov N Plain View Print Options anges to legislation: There are currentiy no known outstanding effects for the The Cestul Que Vie Act 1707, The Cestui Que Vie Act 1707 1707 CHAPTER 726 Ann X4An Act for the more effecual Discovery of the Death of Persons pretended to be alive to the Prejudice of those who claim Estates: aftr their Deaths. Reasons for passing this Act. Reversions, &c. expectant upon Determination of Life Estate, upon Affidavit of Belief of Death of Infant or other Tenant for Life as herein mentioned, and that such Death Is concealed by Guardian, 8. may yearly move {for and obtain an Order in Chancery for the Production of such Tenant for Life; and upon Refusal, &c. to produce such Tenant for Life, taken to be dead whereas divers Persone as Guardians and Trustees for Infants and Husbands in Right of ther Wives and other Persons having Esiates or Intrests determinable upon a Life or Lives have continued to receive the Rents and Profs of such Lands ar the Determination oftheir sai particular Estates of Interests And whereas the Proof ofthe Death ofthe Persons on whose Lives such pariculr Estates or Interests depended is very dict and several Persons have been and may be thereby dtrawded For Remedy whereof and for preventing such fraudulent Pactoes ay person or Person who hath or shal hae any Csi or Demand in oto any Remainder Reversion : Expectancy n oro any Esta afte the Death of any Person within Age Maried Woman or any other Person whatsoever upon Aida made in the High Cout of Chancery by the Persons so caring such Estate of is or he Title and that he ‘or she hath cause to boleve that such Minor Mared Woman or ther Person is dead and that his orher Death is concsaad by such Guardian Trustee Husband or any aher Person shal and may Once a Year if the Person aprieved shal think ft move the Lord Chancellor Keoper or Commissioners forthe Custody ofthe Grest Sea of Great Britain fr the Time being to order [Zand they are hereby authorized and required to ota] such Guardian Trustee Husband ar other Person concealing or suspected to conceal such http://www. legislation.gov.uk/apgb/Ann/6/72 3/7/2016The Cestui Que Vie Act 1707 Page 2 of 3 Person at such Time and Place asthe seid Court shal direct on Personal or other due Service of such Orde o produce and shew to ‘uch Person and Persons (not exceeding Two) es shal in such Order be named by the Paty or Parties prosecuting such Order such Minor Married Woman or ther Persons aforesaid And if such Guardian Trustee Husband or such other Personas aforesaid shall ‘refuse or neglect o produce or shew such infant Married Woman or such other Person on whose Life any such Estate doth depend accortng to the Directons ofthe said Order that then the Court of Chancery is hereby authorized and required to order such Guardian Tastee Husband or otter Person to produce such Minor Married Woman or ater Person concealed in the said Cout of Chancery or otherwise belo Commissioners to be appoint by the said Court at such Tine and Place as the Court shal ect Two ‘of whicn Commissioners shal be nominated by the Party or Partes prosecuting such Order at his her or thei Costs and Charges Pang in case such Guardian Trustee Husband or other Person] shal refuse or neglect o produce such infant Maced Wornan or ‘other Person so concealed in the Court of Chancery or before such Commissioners whereof Return shall be made by such Commissioners and that Retum filed in the Petty Bag Office in either or any of the said Cases the said Minor Married Woman or such other Person so concesled shal be taken to be dead and it shall be lawful for any Person claiming any Right Tie or Interest in Remainder or Reversion o otherwise ater the Death of such Infant married Woman or such other Persons so concesie as aforesaid te enter upon such Lands Tenements and Heredtaments 9s such Infant Married Woman of other Person so concesled were actualy dead Annotations: © Editorial Information “This Acts Chapter XVI. 6 Ann nthe Common pred Etions ierined on the Rot interned on the Rot Modifications etc. (not altering text) ‘Shor tle “The Cast que Vie Act 1707" gen by Jurtion of High Court of Chancery now exercisable by High Cour of Justice ca Ccenain words of enacimentrepasied by ‘2nd romainder omited under autnoty of a By Constitutional Reform Act 2005 (¢ 4, Sch 4 para. tis provided (3 4.2008) at any reference tothe Lord Chancllor and keeper ot commissioner fo the custody of he great sea of Great Briain forthe bme boing in secon tof te Costu que Vie Act 1707 isto be construed as a reference ta judge of the Chancery Division ofthe High Court tf'such infant, &. Tenant for Life,appear to be in some Place beyond Sea, Party prosecuting such Order may ‘send over to view such Infant, and if Guardian, 8. will not produce such Tenant for Life, then he or she to be ‘akon as dead. |ANo if t shall appear to the said Court by Affidavit that such Minor Married Woman or other Person for such Life such Estate i holden is or lately was at some certain Place beyond the Seas in the said Affidavit to be mentioned it shall and ‘may be lawful fr the Party or Parties prosecuting such Order as aforesaid at his her or their Costs and Charges to send ‘over one or both the said Persons appointed by the said Order to view such Minor Married woman or other Person for whose Life any such Estate is holden and in case such Guardian Trustee Husband or other Person concealing or ‘suspected to conceal such Persons as aforesaid shall refuse or neglect to produce or procure to be produced to such Person or Persons @ personal View of such Infant Married Woman or other Person for whose Life any such Estate is holden that then and in such Case such Person or Persons are hereby required to make a true Return of such Refusal or Neglect to the Court of Chancery which Retum shall be filed in the Petty Bag Office and thereupon such Minor Married Woman or ther Person for whose Life any such Estate is holden shall be taken to be dead and it shall be awful for any Person claiming any Right Tie o* Interest in Remainder Reversion or otherwise after the Death of such Infant Married Woman or other Person for whose Life any such Estate is holden to enter upon such Lands Tenements and Hereditaments a i such Infant Married Woman or other Person for whose Life any such Estate is holden were actually ead fit appear afterwards in any Action to be brought that such Tenant for Life was alive at the Time of the Order ‘made, then he or she may re-enter, and have Action for Rent, &. http://www. legislation.gov.uk/apgb/Ann/6/72 3/7/2016The Cestui Que Vie Act 1707 Page 3 of 3 ProviDED ahvays That if it shall aferwards appear upon Proof in any Action to be brought that such Infant Married Woman or other Person for whose Life any such Estate is holden were alive at the Time of such Order made that then it shall be lawful for such Infant Married Woman Guardian or Trustee or other Person having any Estate or Interest determinable upon such Life to re-enter upon the sald Lands Tenements or Hereditements and for such Infant Married Woman or other Person having any Estate or Interest determinable upon such Lie their Executors Administrators or ‘Assigns to maintain an Action against those who since the said Order received the Profits of such Lands Tenements or HHerecitaments or their Executors or Administrators and therein to recover full Damages for the Profits of the same ‘received from the Time that such Infant Married Woman or other Person having any Estate or Interest determinable ‘upon such Life were ousted ofthe Possession of such Lands Tenements or Hereditaments IV Proviso for Guardian, &c. who shall make it appear that due Endeavour has been used to procure the ‘Appearance of such infant and Tenant for Life. XAprovided always That if any such Guardian Trustee Husband or other Person or Persons holding or having any Estate or interest determinable upon the Life or Lives of any other Person or Persons shall by Affidavit or otherwise to the Satisfction of the said Cour of Chancery make appear that he she or they have used his her or their utmost Endeavours to procure such Infant Married Woman or other Person or Persons on whose Life or Lives such Estate or Interest doth depend to appear in the said Court of Chancery or elsewhere according to the Order ofthe said Court in that Behaif made and that he she or they cannot procure or compel such Infant Married Woman or other Person or Persons so to appear and that such Infent Married Woman or other Person or Persons on whose Life or Lives such Estate or Interest doth depend is are or were Living atthe Time of such Return made and filed as aforesaid then it shall be lawul for such Person or Persons to continue in the Possession of such Estate and receive the Rents and Profits thereof for and during the Infancy of such Infant and the Life or Lives of such Married Woman or other Person or Persons on whose Life or Lives such Estate or Interest doth or shall depend as fully ashe she or they might have done if this Act had not been made Annotations: © Editorial Information annexed tothe Orginal Actin Two separate Schedules, V Guardians, Trustees, &c. holding over without consent of Remainder Man, &c. deemed Trespassers. Damages. ‘AN every Person who as Guardian or Trustee for any Infant and every Husband seised in Right of his Wife only and ‘every other Person having any Estate determinable upon any Life or Lives who afte the Determination of such particular Estates or Interests without the express Consent of him her or them who are or shall be next and immediately enttleg ‘upon and after the Determination of such particular Estates o Interests shall hold over and continue in Possession of ‘any Manors Messuages Lands Tenements or Hereditaments shal be and are hereby adjudged to be Trespassers and that every Person and Persons his her and their Executors and Administrators who are or shall be entied to any such ‘Manors Messuages Lands Tenements and Herecitaments upon or after the Determination of such particular Estates or Interests shall and may recover in Damages against every such Person or Persons so holding over as aforesaid and ‘against his her or their Executors or Administrators the ful Value of the Profits received during such Wrongful Possession as aforesaid, Proviou http://www. legislation.gov.uk/apgb/Ann/6/72 3/7/2016AOL Mail (10) Page | of 1 © ro eer song AC lot seri ht one wa ool Teoayen AOL a awed “Totten ape mae e880 S64 8) 20322 many ‘paper anton Mamba Farm 554, Une 7 in = Tee od eee cane rage eee see ae 2urs3323 come, ees Gpraana Bta orm S54, ine 1) " Bibeisnoee sonra nice Wooo as Cano teense a Seah « > https://mail.aol.com/webmail-std/en-us/suite 3/7/2016NEW IRS MISSION STATEMENT EMPHASIZES TAXPAYER SERVICE WASHINGTON - The Internal Revenue Service on Thursday unveiled an overhauled mi ion statement to reflect the agency's new emphasis on serving taxpayers. ‘The new statement is simple and direct. The IRS mission is to "provide America’s taxpayers top quality service by helping them understand and meet their tax responsibilities and by applying the tax law with integrity and fairness to all.” The new language represents the new direction for the IRS, which is working to transform itself into a customer-oriented organization. The mission also reinforces the agency's duty to administer the tax laws fairly for everyone. "This mission statement reflects the new attitude at the IRS," said Charles O. Rossotti, Commissioner of Internal Revenue. "Our top priority is putting the interests of the taxpayers first, and this is spelled out simply and clearly in the mission statement.” The pledge will serve as a daily reminder to people both inside and outside the IRS about the agency's mission. The 27-word statement will be prominently featured on 1998 tax publications, at IRS offices around the country and on the agency's website. (more) “Words alone aren't going to change the IRS, but this serves an importantpurpose,” Rossotti said. “The mission statement will be a reminder that we must be dedicated on a day-in, day-out basis to serving taxpayers. This is just one of the steps that we need to take." ‘The new mission statement was mandated by the IRS Restructuring and Reform Act approved by Congress and signed July 22 by President Clinton. The legislation required the IRS "to review and restate its mission to place a greater emphasis on serving the public and meeting taxpayers’ needs.” The IRS circulated drafts of a new mission statement in July and August. The document was finalized after receiving comments from a variety of sources, ranging from public feedback on the agency's Internet site to suggestions from tax professionals and IRS employees. The final mission statement underscores the agency's efforts to help individuals while ensuring that all taxpayers are served the by agency's commitment to apply the Jaw fairly to all. XXX [Note to editors: The new mission statement replaces an older version dating to the. 1980s. The previous statement said, "The purpose of the Internal Revenue Service is to collect the proper amount of tax revenue at the least cost; serve the public by continually improving the quality of our products and services; and perform in a manner warranting the highest degree of public confidence in our integrity, efficiency and fairness."]WORLD DAY OF PEACE NO LONGER SLAVES, BUT BROTHERS AND SISTERS 1. At the beginning of this New Year, which we welcome as God's gracious gift to all humanity, | offer heartfelt wishes of peace to every man and woman, to all the world’s peoples and nations, to heads of state and government, and to religious leaders. In doing so, | pray for an end to wars, conflicts and the great suffering caused by human agency, by epidemics past and present, and by the devastation wrought by natural disasters. | pray especially that, on the basis of our common calling to cooperate with God and all people of good will for the advancement of harmony and peace in the world, we may resist the temptation to act in a manner unworthy of our humanity. In my Mi E . | spoke of “the desire for a full life... which includes a longing for fraternity which draws us to fellowship with others and enables us to see them not as enemies or rivals, but as brothers and sisters to be accepted and embraced”. | Since we are by nature relational beings, meant to find fulfilment through interpersonal relationships inspired by justice and love, it is fundamental for our human development that our dignity, freedom and autonomy be acknowledged and respected. Tragically, the growing scourge of man’s exploitation by man gravely damages the life of communion and our calling to forge interpersonal relations marked by respect, justice and love. This abominable phenomenon, which leads to contempt for the fundamental rights of others and to the suppression of their freedom and dignity, takes many forms. | would like briefly to consider these, so that, in the light of God's word, we can consider all men and women “no longer slaves, but brothers and sisters’. Listening to God's plan for humanity2. The theme | have chosen for this year's message is drawn from Saint Paul's letter to Philemon, in which the Apostle asks his co-worker to welcome Onesimus, formerly Philemon's slave, now a Christian and, therefore, according to Paul, worthy of being considered a brother. The Apostle of the Gentiles writes: “Perhaps this is why he was parted from you for a while, that you might have. him back for ever, no longer as a slave but more than a slave, as a beloved brother” (wy. 15-16). Onesimus became Philemon's brother when he became a Christian. Conversion to Christ, the beginning of a life lived Christian discipleship, thus constitutes a new birth (cf. 2 Cor5:17; 1 Pet 1:3) which generates fraternity as the fundamental bond of family life and the basis of lf society. In the Book of Genesis (cf. 1:27-28), we read that God made man male and female, and blessed them so that they could increase and multiply. He made Adam and Eve parents who, in response to God's command to be fruitful and multiply, brought about the first fraternity, that of Cain and Abel. Cain and Abel were brothers because they came forth from the same womb. Consequently they had the same origin, nature and dignity as their parents, who were created in the image and likeness of God. But fraternity also embraces variety and differences between brothers and sisters, even though they are linked by birth and are of the same nature and dignity. As brothers and sisters, therefore, all people are in relation with others, from whom they differ, but with whom they share the same origin, nature and dignity. In this way, fraternity constitutes the network of relations essential for the building of the human family created by God. Tragically, between the first creation recounted in the Book of Genesis and the new birth in Christ whereby believers become brothers and sisters of the “first-born among many brethren” (Rom 8:29), there is the negative reality of sin, which often disrupts human fraternity and constantly disfigures the beauty and nobility of our being brothers and sisters in the one human family. It was not only that Cain could not stand Abel; he killed him out of envy and, in so doing, committed the first fratricide. “Cain's murder of Abel bears tragic witness to his radical rejection of their vocation to be brothers. Their story (cf. Gen 4:1-16) brings out the difficult task to which all men and women are called, to live as one, each taking care of the other’. This was also the case with Noah and his children (cf. Gen 9:18-27). Ham's disrespect for his father Noah drove Noah to curse his insolent son and to bless the others, those who honoured him, This created an inequality between brothers born of the same womb. In the account of the origins of the human family, the sin of estrangement from God, from the father figure and from the brother, becomes an expression of the refusal of communion. It gives rise to @ culture of enslavement (cf. Gen 9:25-27), with al its consequences extending from generation to generation: rejection of others, their mistreatment, violations of their dignity and fundamental rights, and institutionalized inequality. Hence, the need for constant conversion to theCovenant, fulfilled by Jesus’ sacrifice on the cross, in the confidence that “where sin increased, grace abounded all the more... through Jesus Christ” (Rom 5:20-21). Christ, the beloved Son (cf. ‘Mt3:17), came to reveal the Father's love for humanity. Whoever hears the Gospel and responds to the call to conversion becomes Jesus’ “brother, sister and mother’ (Mt 12:50), and thus an adopted son of his Father (cf. Eph 1:5). ‘One does not become a Christian, a child of the Father and a brother or sister in Christ, as the result of an authoritative divine decree, without the exercise of personal freedom: in a word, without being freely converted to Christ. Becoming a child of God is necessarily linked to conversion: “Repent, and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins; and you shall receive the gift of the Holy Spirit” (Acts 2:38). All those who responded in faith and with their lives to Peter's preaching entered into the fratemity of the first Christian community (cf. 1 Pet 2:17; Acts 1:15-16, 6:3, 15:23): Jews and Greeks, slaves and free (cf. 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28). Differing origins and social status did not diminish anyone's dignity or exclude anyone from belonging to the People of God. The Christian community is thus a place of ‘communion lived in the love shared among brothers and sisters (of. Rom 12:10; 1 Thess 4:9; Heb 13:1; 1 Pet 1:22; 2 Pet 1:7). All of this shows how the Good News of Jesus Christ, in whom God makes “all things new” (Rev 21:5),_9 is also capable of redeeming human relationships, including those between slaves and masters, by shedding light on what both have in common: adoptive sonship and the bond of brotherhood in Christ. Jesus himself said to his disciples: “No longer do | call you servants, for the servant does not know what his master is doing; but | have called you friends, for all that | have heard from my Father | have made known to you" (Jn 15:15). The many faces of slavery yesterday and today 3. From time immemorial, different societies have known the phenomenon of man's subjugation by man. There have been periods of human history in which the institution of slavery was generally accepted and regulated by law. This legislation dictated who was born free and who was bom into slavery, as well as the conditions whereby a freebom person could lose his or her freedom or regain it. In other words, the law itself admitted that some people were able or required to be considered the property of other people, at their free disposition. A slave could be bought and sold, given away or acquired, as if he or she were a commercial product. Today, as the result of a growth in our awareness, slavery, seen as a crime against humanity, has been formally abolished throughout the world. The right of each person not to be kept in a state of slavery or servitude has been recognized in international law as inviolable. Yet, even though the international community has adopted numerous agreements aimed at ending slavery in alll its forms, and has launched various strategies to combat this phenomenon, millionsof people today — children, women and men of all ages — are deprived of freedom and are forced to live in conditions akin to slavery. | think of the many men and women labourers, including minors, subjugated in different sectors, whether formally or informally, in domestic or agricultural workplaces, or in the manufacturing or mining industry; whether in countries where labour regulations fail to comply with international norms and minimum standards, or, equally illegally, in countries which lack legal protection for workers’ rights. | think also of the living conditions of many migrants who, in their dramatic odyssey, experience hunger, are deprived of freedom, robbed of their possessions, or undergo physical and sexual abuse. In a particular way, | think of those among them who, upon arriving at their destination after ‘a gruelling journey marked by fear and insecurity, are detained in at times inhumane conditions. | think of those among them, who for different social, political and economic reasons, are forced to live clandestinely. My thoughts also turn to those who, in order to remain within the law, agree to disgraceful living and working conditions, especially in those cases where the laws of a nation create or permit a structural dependency of migrant workers on their employers, as, for example, when the legality of their residency is made dependent on their labour contract. Yes, | am thinking of “slave labour". | think also of persons forced into prostitution, many of whom are minors, as well as male and female sex slaves. | think of women forced into marriage, those sold for arranged marriages and those bequeathed to relatives of their deceased husbands, without any right to give or withhold their consent. Nor can | fail to think of all those persons, minors and adults alike, who are made objects of trafficking for the sale of organs, for recruitment as soldiers, for begging, for illegal activities such as the production and sale of narcotics, or for disguised forms of cross-border adoption. Finally, | think of all those kidnapped and held captive by terrorist groups, subjected to their purposes as combatants, or, above all in the case of young girls and women, to be used as sex slaves. Many of these disappear, while others are sold several times over, tortured, mutilated or killed. Some deeper causes of slavery 4, Today, as in the past, slavery is rooted in a notion of the human person which allows him or her to be treated as an object. Whenever sin corrupts the human heart and distances us from our Creator and our neighbours, the latter are no longer regarded as beings of equal dignity, as brothers or sisters sharing a common humanity, but rather as objects. Whether by coercion or deception, or by physical or psychological duress, human persons created in the image andlikeness of God are deprived of their freedom, sold and reduced to being the property of others. They are treated as means to an end. ‘Alongside this deeper cause — the rejection of another person's humanity there are other causes which help to explain contemporary forms of slavery. Among these, | think in the first place of poverty, underdevelopment and exclusion, especially when combined with a lack of access to education or scarce, even non-existent, employment opportunities. Not infrequently, the victims of human trafficking and slavery are people who look for a way out of a situation of extreme poverty; taken in by false promises of employment, they often end up in the hands of criminal networks which organize human trafficking. These networks are skilled in using modern means of communication as a way of luring young men and women in various parts of the world. ‘Another cause of slavery is corruption on the part of people willing to do anything for financial gain. Slave labour and human trafficking often require the complicity of intermediaries, be they law ‘enforcement personnel, state officials, or civil and military institutions. "This occurs when money, and not the human person, is at the centre of an economic system. Yes, the person, made in the image of God and charged with dominion over all creation, must be at the centre of every social or economic system. When the person is replaced by mammon, a subversion of values occurs”, Further causes of slavery include armed conflicts, violence, criminal activity and terrorism. Many people are kidnapped in order to be sold, enlisted as combatants, or sexually exploited, while others are forced to emigrate, leaving everything behind: their country, home, property, and even members of their family. They are driven to seek an alternative to these terrible conditions even at the risk of their personal dignity and their very lives; they risk being drawn into that vicious circle which makes them prey to misery, corruption and their baneful consequences. A shared commitment to ending slavery 5. Often, when considering the reality of human trafficking, illegal trafficking of migrants and other acknowledged or unacknowledged forms of slavery, one has the impression that they occur within a context of general indifference. Sadly, this is largely true. Yet | would like to mention the enormous and often silent efforts which have been made for many years by religious congregations, especially women's congregations, to provide support to victims. These institutes work in very difficult situations, dominated at times by violence, as they work to break the invisible chains binding victims to traffickers and exploiters. Those chains are made up of a series of inks, each composed of clever psychological ploys which ‘make the victims dependent on their exploiters. This is accomplished by blackmail and threats made against them and their loved ones, but also by concrete acts such as the confiscation of their identity documents and physical violence. The activity of religious congregations is carried out in three main areas: in offering assistance to victims, in working for their psychological andeducational rehabilitation, and in efforts to reintegrate them into the society where they live or from which they have come. This immense task, which calls for courage, patience and perseverance, deserves the appreciation of the whole Church and society. Yet, of itself, itis not sufficient to end the scourge of the exploitation of human persons. There is also need for a threefold commitment on the institutional level: to prevention, to victim protection and to the legal prosecution of perpetrators. Moreover, since criminal organizations employ global networks to achieve their goals, efforts to eliminate this phenomenon also demand a common and, indeed, a global effort on the part of various sectors of society. States must ensure that their own legislation truly respects the dignity of the human person in the areas of migration, employment, adoption, the movement of businesses offshore and the sale of items produced by slave labour. There is a need for just laws which are centred on the human person, uphold fundamental rights and restore those rights when they have been violated. Such laws should also provide for the rehabilitation of victims, ensure their personal safety, and include effective means of enforcement which leave no room for corruption or impunity. The role of women in society must also be recognized, not least through initiatives in the sectors of culture and social communications. Intergovernmental organizations, in keeping with the principle of subsidiarity, are called to coordinate initiatives for combating the transnational networks of organized crime which oversee the trafficking of persons and the illegal trafficking of migrants. Cooperation is clearly needed at a number of levels, involving national and international institutions, agencies of civil society and the world of finance. Businesses ©) have a duty to ensure dignified working conditions and adequate salaries for their employees, but they must also be vigilant that forms of subjugation or human trafficking do not find ‘their way into the distribution chain. Together with the social responsibility of businesses, there is also the social responsibility of consumers. Every person ought to have the awareness that “purchasing is always @ moral — and not simply an economic - act". Organizations in civil society, for their part, have the task of awakening consciences and promoting whatever steps are necessary for combating and uprooting the culture of enslavement. In recent years, the Holy See, attentive to the pain of the victims of trafficking and the voice of the religious congregations which assist them on their path to freedom, has increased its appeals to the international community for cooperation and collaboration between different agencies in putting an end to this scourge.|®) Meetings have also been organized to draw attention to the phenomenon of human trafficking and to facilitate cooperation between various agencies, including experts from the universities and international organizations, police forces from migrants’