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Math 211, Fall 2006, Williams College: Ji Ji II

This 3-page math homework assignment contains 4 problems. The first problem involves finding the LU decomposition of a matrix and using it to solve a system of equations. The second problem deals with homogeneous and inhomogeneous systems of equations, their null spaces, and determining if a vector lies in the column space. The third problem asks students to determine if sets of vectors are linearly dependent or independent. The fourth problem gives three determinants to evaluate using different methods like row reduction or cofactor expansion. Students are advised to ask for help if stuck and start the assignment early.

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57 views3 pages

Math 211, Fall 2006, Williams College: Ji Ji II

This 3-page math homework assignment contains 4 problems. The first problem involves finding the LU decomposition of a matrix and using it to solve a system of equations. The second problem deals with homogeneous and inhomogeneous systems of equations, their null spaces, and determining if a vector lies in the column space. The third problem asks students to determine if sets of vectors are linearly dependent or independent. The fourth problem gives three determinants to evaluate using different methods like row reduction or cofactor expansion. Students are advised to ask for help if stuck and start the assignment early.

Uploaded by

She Dil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT # 3

MATH 211, FALL 2006, WILLIAMS COLLEGE


Abstract. This homework assignment has four problems on 3 pages.
It is due on Monday, October 2 in class. Please ask for help if you are
stuck. Start this one early. Good Luck!

1. Problem: On LU decompositions
This problem will lead you through understanding the LU decomposition
of a matrix. Your answer for this problem should show all of the work
indicated in detail. Consider the matrix

2 4 2
A = 1 5 2 .
4 1 9
Working left to right and top to bottom, apply multiplications by
elementary matrices to put the matrix into row echelon form, U .
Keep careful track of the matrices you use, and the order you apply
them.
Multiply the elementary matrices you used in the last step in the
correct order to write a matrix E, and write out the matrix equation
EA = U .
In each elimination step from the first part of the problem, the number mji = aji /aii you used to scale the coefficients is called a
multiplier. Write down the matrix

1
0
0
1
0 .
L = m21
m31 m32 1
Show that E 1 = L.
Conclude that A = L U . Check this by performing the matrix
multiplication.
Use the LU decomposition
you just found to solve the system Ax = b
t
for b = 1 1 2 by the two backsolvings method we discussed
in class.
Note: not every matrix has an LU decomposition. If one must switch
rows when doing the forward elimination, then on must keep track of these.
This results in a P LU decomposition, where the P is a permutation matrix,
which keeps track of the row switching.
1

MATH 211, FALL 2006, WILLIAMS COLLEGE

2. Problem: Homogeneous and inhomogeneous equations


Consider the system of equations

x
2x2 +x3
+x4

1
x1 +3x2
+2x4
+x2 +x3 +3x4

x1 +2x2 +5x3 +13x4

+2x5
2x5
+4x5
+5x5

= 2
= 2
= 4
= 18

Write the matrix version of this equation as Ax = b.


Write the associated homogeneous equation in matrix form.
Compute the null space of A.
Show that b lies in the column space of A. To what matrix equation does this correspond? What particular solution of the original
system do you obtain?
Write the vector form of the general solution to the original system.

3. Problem: On linear dependence


Are the following sets of vectors linearly dependent or linearly independent?

1
1
2
(1) 1, 2, 3.
1
3
1

3
1
3
(2) 1 , 2, 4 .
3
8
18

1
2
3
(3) 2, 1, 0.
1
0
1

HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT # 3

4. Problem: Determinants
Evaluate the following determinants.
(1) By passing to row echelon form:


2 1 3


1 2 2


1
4
0
(2) By expanding along a row or column and using cofactors:


3 3 1


0 1 2


1 2 3
(3) By whatever method (or combination) seems appropriate:


1

1
1
3


0
3
1 1

1
0
2 2

1 1 1 2

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