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Non Linear Systems A

The document provides steps for graphing quadratic functions and solving nonlinear systems of equations involving one linear and one quadratic equation. It begins with the steps to graph a quadratic function by finding the axis of symmetry, vertex, and other points to sketch the parabola. It then gives examples of solving systems of one linear and one quadratic equation by graphing, substitution, and elimination. The examples are accompanied by checks of the solutions. Investigation problems are presented for students to practice solving different types of nonlinear systems.

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750 views

Non Linear Systems A

The document provides steps for graphing quadratic functions and solving nonlinear systems of equations involving one linear and one quadratic equation. It begins with the steps to graph a quadratic function by finding the axis of symmetry, vertex, and other points to sketch the parabola. It then gives examples of solving systems of one linear and one quadratic equation by graphing, substitution, and elimination. The examples are accompanied by checks of the solutions. Investigation problems are presented for students to practice solving different types of nonlinear systems.

Uploaded by

api-276566085
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 40

8-10 Nonlinear Systems

SPONGE: Follow the steps to graph y =

STEP 1: Find the Axis of symmetry (RECALL, ITS A


VERICAL LINE! using:

b
x
2a

STEP 2: Find the vertex by Substituting the x value of


the vertex into the original equation to find the y coordinate of
the vertex. PLOT THE VERTEX!
STEP 3: Find 3-4 other points and then connect the points to
make a smooth curve.
Hint: MAKE A TABLE

using x values close to


the Axis of symmetry.
Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems

Objectives
Solve systems of equations in two
variables in which one equation is linear
and the other is quadratic.
https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra/quadratics/systems-of-quadraticequations/v/non-linear-systems-of-equations-1

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Recall that a system of linear equations is a set
of two or more linear equations. A solution of a
system is an ordered pair that satisfies each
equation in the system. Points where the graphs
of the equations intersect represent solutions
of the system.
A nonlinear system of equations is a system
in which at least one of the equations is
nonlinear. For example, a system that contains
one quadratic equation and one linear equation
is a nonlinear system.

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


A system made up of a linear equation and a
quadratic equation can have no solution, one
solution, or two solutions, as shown below.

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 1: Solving a Nonlinear System by Graphing
Solve the system by graphing. Check your answer.
Step 1Graphy=x2+4x+3fromSPONGE!
Theaxisofsymmetryisx=2.
Thevertexis(2,1).
They-interceptis3.
Anotherpointis(1,0).

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems

Next graph Equation #2!


Y= x+3
Recall graph the y intercept 1st and then
rise/run for the slope!

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems

THE SYSTEM!

DESMOS GRAPHING CALCULATOR

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 1: CHECK YOUR ANSWERS!
Check
Substitute(3,0)intothesystem.
y = x2 + 4x + 3
0
0
0

(-3)2 + 4(-3) + 3
9 12 + 3
0

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

y=x+3
0
0

-3 + 3
0

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 1: Continued
Substitute(0,3)intothesystem.
y = x2 + 4x + 3
3
3
3

(0)2 + 4(0) + 3
0+0+3
3

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

y=x+3
3
3

0+3
3

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 2
1. Solve the system by graphing. Check your answer.
y = x2 - 4x + 5
y=x+1

Step 1 Graph y = x2 4x + 5.
The axis of symmetry is x = 2.
The vertex is (2, 1).
The y-intercept is 5.
Another point is (1, 10).

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Check It Out! Example 1 Continued
y=x+1

y = x2 - 4x + 5
2
2
2

2
2

(1)2 - 4(1) + 5
1-4+5
2

1+1
2

Substitute(4,5)intothesystem.
y = x2 - 4x + 5
5
5
5

(4)2 - 4(4) + 5
16 - 16 + 5
5

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

y=x+1
5
5

4+1
5

8-10 Nonlinear Systems

Investigation Handout
Do all linear and quadratic
systems have two solutions?
Do all quadratic systems have
a solution?
Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems

Investigation #1
y = x2 x 12 (FOLLOW STEPS FROM THE SPONGE!)
y=x+3
1.OR Create a table of values
and sketch each.
2.Locate the points of
intersection? How many
solutions exist?

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Investigation #2
y = x2 3x - 4
y=x-8
1.Create a table of values and
sketch each.
2.Locate the points of intersection?
How many solutions exist?

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems

GUIDED PRACTICE.

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems

Remember!
Thesubstitutionmethodisagoodchoicewheneither
equationissolvedforavariable,bothequationsare
solvedforthesamevariable,oravariableineither
equationhasacoefficientof1or-1.

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 2: Solving a Nonlinear system by
substitution.
Solve the system by substitution.
y=x2-x-5
y=-3x+3
Both equations are solved for y, so substitute one
expression for y into the other equation for y.
-3x + 3 = x2 x -5

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

Substitute -3x = 3 for y in the first


equation

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 2: Continued
0 = x2 + 2x - 8

Subtract -3x + 3 from both sides.

0 = (x + 4) (x 2)

Factor the trinomial.

x + 4 = 0 or x 2 = 0 Use the zero product


property
X = -4
x=2
Solve each equation
Substitute x = 4 into y = 3x + 3 to find the
corresponding y-value.

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 2: Continued
y = 3(4) + 3
y = 12 + 3
y = 15
One solution is (4, 15).
Substitute x = 2 into y = 3x + 3 to find the
corresponding y-value.
y = 3(2) + 3
y = 6 + 3
y = 3
The second solution is (2, 3).
The solutions are (4, 15) and (2, 3).
Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Check It Out! Example 2
1. Solve the system by substitution. Check your answer.
y = 3x2 - 3x + 1
y = -3x + 4
Both equations are solved for y, so substitute one
expression for y into the other equation for y.
-3x + 4 = 3x2 - 3x + 1 Subtract -3x + 4 for y in first
equation.
0 = 3x2 - 3

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

Subtract -3x + 4 from both


sides

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Check It Out! Example 2 Continued
0 = 3(x2 1)

Factor out the GCF, 3.

0 = 3(x + 1)(x-1)

Factor the binomial.

x + 1 = 0 or x - 1 = 0

Use the Zero Product


Property

x = -1

Solve each equation

x=1

Substitute x = 1 into y = 3x + 4 to find the corresponding


y-value.
Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Check It Out! Example 2 Continued
y = 3(1) + 4
y=3+4
y=7
One solution is (1, 7).
Substitute x = 1 into y = 3x + 4 to find the
corresponding y-value.
y = 3(1) + 4
y = 3 + 4
y=1
The second solution is (1, 1).
Holt McDougal Algebra 1

The solutions are


(1, 7) and (1, 1).

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 3 : Solving a Nonlinear System by
Elimination.
Solve each system by elimination.

3x - y = 1
y = x2 + 4x - 7

Write the system to align the y-terms.

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 3 : Continued
3x y = 1
y = x2 + 4x - 7

Add to eliminate y

3x = x2 + 4x - 6
-3x

- 3x

Subtract 3x from both side

0 = x2 + x - 6
0 = (x + 3)(x 2)

Factor

x + 3 = 0 or x 2 = 0 Use the Zero Product


Property
Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 3 : Continued
x = -3

or

Solve the equations

x=2

Write one of the


original equations

y = x2 + 4x - 7

y = x2 + 4x - 7

y =(-3)2 + 4(-3) - 7

y = (2)2 + 4(2) - 7 Substitute each xvalue and solve for


y.

y = -10

y=5

The solution is (3, 10 ) and (2, 5).


Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 3 : Continued
B

y = 2x2 + x - 1
x - 2y = 6

Write the system to align the y-terms.


y = 2x2 + x + 1
x - 2y = 6
2(y) = 2(2x2 + x + 1)
x - 2y = 6

Multiply the equation by 2

2y = 4x2 + 2x + 2
x - 2y = 6

Add to eliminate y

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 3 : Continued
x = 4x2 + 2x + 8
0 = 4x2 + x + 8

Subtract x from both side

Solve by using the quadratic formula


- b b2 4ac
x=
2a
- 1 12 4(1)(8)
x=
2(4)
- 1 31
x=
8
Holt McDougal Algebra 1

Since the discriminant


is negative, there are
no real solutions

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Check It Out! Example 3
1. Solve each system by elimination. Check your answers..
a

2x - y = 2
y = x2 - 5
Write the system to align the y-terms
2x - y = 2
y = x2 - 5
2x = x2 - 3
-2x
-2x

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

Add to eliminate y
Subtract 2x from booth sides

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Check It Out! Example 3 Continued
0 = x2 2x - 3
0 = (x-3) (x+1)

Factor.

x-3 = 0 or x+1 = 0

Use the Zero Product


Property

x = 3 or x = -1

Solve the equation

y = x2 - 5

y = x2 - 5

Write one of the


original equations

y = (3)2 - 5

y = (-1)2 - 5

Substitute each xvalue and solve for y.

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Check It Out! Example 3 Continued

y=4

y = -4

The solution is (3, 4) and (1, 4).


b

y = x2 - 2x - 5
5x - 2y = 5
Write the system to align the y-terms

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Check It Out! Example 3 Continued
y = x2 - 2x - 5
5x - 2y = 5
2(y) = 2(x2 - 2x 5)
5x - 2y = 5

Multiply the equation by 2

2y = 2x2 - 4x - 10
5x - 2y = 5

Add to eliminate y

5x = 2x2 - 4x - 5
0 = 2x2 - 9x - 5
Holt McDougal Algebra 1

Subtract 5x from booth


sides

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Check It Out! Example 3 Continued
0 = (2x + 1) (x 5)

Factor the trinomial

x = - 0.5

Solve the equations.

or

y = x2 - 2x - 5

x=5

y = x2 - 2x - 5

y = (-0.5)2 2(-0.5) - 5

Write one of the


original equations

y = (5)2 2(5) - 5
Substitute each xvalue and solve for y.

y = -3.75

y = 10

The solution is (0.5, 3.75) and (5, 10).


Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems

Remember!
Theeliminationmethodisagoodchoicewhenboth
equationshavethesamevariabletermwiththesameor
oppositecoefficientsorwhenavariableterminone
equationisamultipleofthecorrespondingvariableterm
intheotherequation.

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 4: Physics Application
The increasing enrollment at South Ridge High School can
be modeled by the equation E(t) = -t2 + 25t + 600, where t
represents the number of years after 2010. The increasing
enrollment at Alta Vista High School can be modeled by the
equation E(t) = 24t + 570. In what year will the enrollments at
the two schools be equal?
Solvebysubstitution
24t + 570 = -t2 + 25t + 600
0 = -t2 + t + 30

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

Substitute 24t + 570 for


E(t) in the first equation.
Subtract 24t + 570 from
the both sides.

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Example 4: Continued
0 = -1( t 6) ( t + 5)

Factor the trinomial.

t-6=0

Use the Zero Product


Property.

t =6

or
or

t+5=0

t = -5

Solve the each equation.

In 6 years, or 2016, the enrollments at the two


schools will be equal.

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems

Helpful Hint
Whent=0,theballandelevatorareatthesameheight
becausetheyarebothatgroundlevel.

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Check It Out! Example 4
An elevator is rising at a constant rate of 8 feet per
second. Its height in feet after t seconds is given by h = 8t.
At the instant the elevator is at ground level, a ball is
dropped from a height of 120 feet. The height in feet of the
ball after t seconds is given by h = -16t2 + 120. Find the
time it takes for the ball and the elevator to reach the
same height.
Solve by substitution.
8t = -16t2 + 120

Substitute 8t for h in the


first equation.

0 = -16t2 -8t + 120

Subtract 8t from both side

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Check It Out! Example 4 Continued
Solve by using the quadratic formula
- b b2 4ac
x=
2a

8 (-8)2 4(-16)(120)
x=
2(-16)
8 7744
x=
-32
8 88
x=
-32
x= -3 or x=2.5

It takes 2.5 seconds for the ball and the elevator


to reach the same height.
Holt McDougal Algebra 1

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Lesson Quiz: Part-1
Solve each system by the indicated method.

1. Graphing:

2. Substitution:

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

y = x2 - 4x + 3
y=x-1

y = 2x2 - 9x - 5
y = -3x + 3

(1, 0), (4, 3)

(-1, 6), (4, -9)

8-10 Nonlinear Systems


Lesson Quiz: Part-2

3. Elimination:

y = x2 + 2x - 3
x-y=5

no solution

4.Elimination:

y = x2 - 7x + 10
2x - y = 8

(3, -2), (6, 4)

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

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