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Harmonic Function

1) Harmonic functions are functions of x and y that have continuous first and second order partial derivatives and satisfy Laplace's equation, which can be expressed in Cartesian or polar coordinate forms. 2) The real and imaginary parts u and v of an analytic function f(z) = u + iv are harmonic functions. 3) This is proved by showing that if f(z) is analytic, then u and v satisfy the Cauchy-Riemann equations. Taking derivatives of these equations demonstrates that u and v satisfy Laplace's equation, making them harmonic functions.

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Ashutosh Singh
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524 views

Harmonic Function

1) Harmonic functions are functions of x and y that have continuous first and second order partial derivatives and satisfy Laplace's equation, which can be expressed in Cartesian or polar coordinate forms. 2) The real and imaginary parts u and v of an analytic function f(z) = u + iv are harmonic functions. 3) This is proved by showing that if f(z) is analytic, then u and v satisfy the Cauchy-Riemann equations. Taking derivatives of these equations demonstrates that u and v satisfy Laplace's equation, making them harmonic functions.

Uploaded by

Ashutosh Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Complex Variable

Harmonic Function

Theory

Harmonic Function:
Any Function of x, y which has a continuous partial derivatives of
the first and second order and satisfies Laplaces equation

Note: I) =

= is called a Harmonic Function.

= is called as Laplaces

Equation in Cartesian form


II)

= 0 is called as Laplaces

Equation in Polar Form

Theorem: The real and imaginary parts u, v of an analytic function


f (z) = u + iv are Harmonic Function.
Proof:
Since, f (z) is an analytic function in some region of z plane,
u, v satisfy C R equations.
= & =

(i)

Complex Variable

Harmonic Function

Theory

Differentiating the first w.r.t x, and second w.r.t y, we get


Assuming

and

and adding the above results, we get

=0

Similarly differentiating the equations in (i) w.r.t y, and w.r.t x,


respectively, we can show that

=0

Hence, the result.

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