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Pde

This document provides a review for Exam 1 on partial differential equations. It contains 7 exercises involving determining the order and linearity of PDEs, finding general solutions to PDEs, using orthogonal polynomials to write functions as linear combinations, and computing Fourier series. The exercises cover concepts like change of variables, initial/boundary value problems, and orthogonal functions.

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Joseph Kfoury
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56 views2 pages

Pde

This document provides a review for Exam 1 on partial differential equations. It contains 7 exercises involving determining the order and linearity of PDEs, finding general solutions to PDEs, using orthogonal polynomials to write functions as linear combinations, and computing Fourier series. The exercises cover concepts like change of variables, initial/boundary value problems, and orthogonal functions.

Uploaded by

Joseph Kfoury
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Partial Differential Equations

Spring 2012

Exam 1 Review Exercises

Exercise 1. Determine the order of each of the following PDEs and state whether or not
they are linear. If an equation is linear, state whether or not it is homogeneous.
c. uxx + (x2 + y)uyy = 0
e. ux uy + uz = uxyz
g. (uxx + ux )tt + ex+y uy = 0
h.

2u
2u
2u
+
+
= u + x1 x2 x3
x1 x2 x2 x3 x1 x3

Exercise 2. This problem concerns the partial differential equation


uxx + 3uxy + 2uyy = 0.

(1)

a. If F and G are twice differentiable functions, show that


u(x, y) = F (2x y) + G(x y)

(2)

is a solution to (1).
b. Use a linear change of variables to show that every solution to (1) has the form (2).
c. Find the solution to (1) that satisfies the initial conditions
u(x, 0) =

x
and uy (x, 0) = 0 for all x.
x2 + 1

Exercise 3. Show that the general solution to uxy + ux = 0 has the form u(x, y) = F (y) +
ey G(x). [Suggestion: Notice that uxy + ux = (uy + u)x .]
Exercise 4. Find the general solution to the partial differential equation


u
4y
u
2
+
x +1
= 0.
x
x
y

Exercise 5. Find the solution to the wave equation utt = 9uxx that satisfies the boundary
and initial conditions
u(0, t) = u(2, t) = 0 for all t,
 x 
u(x, 0) = sin
for all 0 x 2,
2
ut (x, 0) = x for all 0 x 2.

Exercise 6. Let
f1 (x)
f2 (x)
f3 (x)
f4 (x)

=
=
=
=

1,
2x 1,
6x2 6x + 1,
20x3 30x2 + 12x 1.

a. Verify that the polynomials f1 (x) = 1, f2 (x) = 2x 1, f3 (x) = 6x2 6x + 1 and


f4 (x) = 20x3 30x2 + 12x 1 are pairwise orthogonal on [0, 1].
b. Let p(x) = x3 2. Use part a to write p as a linear combination of f1 , f2 , f3 and f4 .
[Suggestion: Recall that if
p = a1 f 1 + a2 f 2 + a3 f 3 + a4 f 4
then aj = hp, fj i/hfj , fj i.]
c. Explain why the procedure of part b fails if we take p(x) = x5 2x + 1.

Exercise 7. Let

(
[x]
f (x) =
f (x + 3)

if 1 x < 2,
otherwise.

a. What function does the Fourier series of f (x) converge to?


b. Find the Fourier series for f (x):
i. By computing the Fourier coefficients using Eulers formulas.
ii. By realizing f (x) as a linear combination of translations, dilations or reflections of
functions with known Fourier series.

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