UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

International General Certificate of Secondary Education

*3721956087*

CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES 0654/03

Paper 3 (Extended) October/November 2007
2 hours
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs, tables or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
For Examiner's Use
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
1
Answer all questions.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 24. 2

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. 3
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part
question. 4

10

Total

This document consists of 22 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

IB07 11_0654_03/3RP
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1 A student compares three different metal wires to see which is the best conductor of For
electricity. She passes a current of 0.4 A through each wire in turn and measures the Examiner's
Use
voltage required.

Table 1.1 shows her results.

Table 1.1

wire voltage / V
A 0.3
B 2.6
C 6.2

(a) Which wire is the best conductor of electricity?

Explain your answer.

[2]

(b) Calculate the resistance of wire A.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used

working

[2]

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(c) While doing the experiment the student notices that all of the wires get hot. For
Examiner's
Use
(i) Calculate the power consumption in wire C.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used

working

[2]

(ii) Use your answer to (i) to suggest which wire gets the hottest.

Give a reason for your answer.

[1]

(d) Calculate the quantity of charge which flows through wire B in one minute.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used

working

[2]

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2 Fig. 2.1 shows a small gas burner which can be used to heat water or food contained in a For
metal cooking pot. The fuel used in this burner is the hydrocarbon butane, C4H10. Examiner's
Use

cooking pot

burner

butane
C4H10

Fig. 2.1

(a) (i) Butane is obtained from crude oil (petroleum). Name the process which is used to
separate hydrocarbons in crude oil.

[1]

(ii) Butane is normally a gas at room temperature. In the type of burner shown in
Fig. 2.1 butane is stored as a liquid.

Suggest what must be done to gaseous butane to turn it into a liquid.

[1]

(iii) Butane is a member of a homologous series of hydrocarbons called alkanes. The

relative formula (molecular) mass of butane is 58.

Draw the graphical (displayed) formula of the alkane whose relative formula mass
is 30.

[2]

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(b) (i) Explain why the plastic material used to make the handles of cooking pots should For
be a thermoset and not a thermoplastic. Examiner's
Use

[1]

(ii) Explain, in terms of the polymer molecules they contain, why thermoset and
thermoplastic materials behave differently when heated. You may draw simple
diagrams to help you answer this question.

[4]

(c) The body of the cooking pot in Fig. 2.1 is made of metal which can be formed into the
correct shape because it is malleable.

(i) Draw a diagram to show the arrangement of atoms in a typical metal.

[1]
(ii) Use your answer to (i) to explain why metals are malleable.

[2]

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3 Dairy cattle are kept to produce milk. The milk is produced and stored in the cow’s udder. For
Examiner's
Use

udder

In 1965, a long experiment was begun to find out if artificial selection could increase the
milk yield of cows.

In one set of cows, artificial selection for high milk yield was carried out in each generation.
These were called the selected line.

In the other set, there was no artificial selection. These were called the control line.

Both sets of cows were kept under the same conditions.

The mean milk yield from the cows that were born in each year from 1965 to 1990 was
calculated. The results are shown in Fig. 3.1.

12

11 selected line

10

9
mean milk
yield per 8
cow / kg
7

6 control line

4
1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990
year of cow’s birth

Fig. 3.1

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(a) Calculate the change in mean milk yield per cow between 1965 and 1990 for For
Examiner's
Use
the selected line,

the control line. [2]

(b) Describe how artificial selection would have been carried out in the selected line.

[4]

(c) Suggest a reason for the results for the control line.

[1]

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(d) The researchers also looked at the costs of health treatment in each of the two For
breeding lines. Table 3.1 shows some of the results. Examiner's
Use

Table 3.1

cost of treatment in cost of treatment in

health problem
selected line / $ control line / $
mastitis (inflammation of
43 16
the udder)

lameness 10 6

(i) Suggest an explanation for the results shown in Table 3.1.

[2]

(ii) State and explain one reason, other than health treatment costs, why it would be
more expensive to keep the cows from the selected line than the cows from the
control line.

[2]

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4 (a) (i) Calculate the speed of a car which travels 320 m in 20 s. For
Examiner's
Use
State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used

working

[2]

(ii) The speed of the car is now doubled.

Explain why the momentum doubles but the kinetic energy of the car is four times
greater.

[3]

(b) A car headlamp has a power rating of 60 W.

(i) Calculate the current through the headlamp when the voltage across it is 12 V.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used

working

[2]

(ii) State how many joules of energy will be converted every second in the headlamp.

[1]

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5 (a) Amino acids are compounds found in all living organisms. For
The chemical formula of a typical amino acid is C2H5O2N. Examiner's
Use

(i) Explain why the nitrogen atoms needed by the plant to make amino acids cannot
be obtained directly from the nitrogen molecules in the air.

[1]

(ii) Explain the meaning of the term nitrogen fixation.

[1]

(iii) Complete the bonding diagram below to show the arrangement of the outer
electrons of each atom in a molecule of nitrogen.

[2]

(b) Fig. 5.1 shows a diagram of industrial apparatus which is used to make ammonia.

A
nitrogen and hydrogen

catalyst

liquid ammonia

Fig. 5.1

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(i) The symbolic equation below for the formation of ammonia is not balanced. For
Examiner's
Use
Balance the equation.

N2 + H2 NH3
[1]

(ii) Name two substances flowing through the apparatus at point A.

[1]

(ii) The catalyst in Fig. 5.1 is made mainly of iron.

Suggest why the catalyst is made in the form of a large number of small pieces.

[1]

(c) Ammonia is used to make the salt ammonium sulphate.

The formulae of the ions in this salt are shown below.

NH4+ SO42-

Deduce the formula of ammonium sulphate.

Explain your answer.

[2]

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6 Fig. 6.1 shows two pollen tubes growing from pollen grains on the stigma of an For
insect-pollinated flower. Examiner's
Use

pollen grain pollen grain

stigma

ovary

Fig. 6.1

(a) On Fig. 6.1, use a label line to carefully label a pollen tube. [1]

(b) (i) Name the structure that passes down the pollen tube.

[1]

(ii) Describe what happens when this structure reaches the part labelled Y.

[3]

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(c) The pollen grains from which pollen tubes are growing, shown in Fig. 6.1, came from For
the anthers of other flowers on the same plant as this flower. Examiner's
Use

Is this an example of asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction?

Explain your answer.

type of reproduction

explanation

[1]

(d) Two of the pollen grains shown in Fig. 6.1 have not grown pollen tubes. These pollen
grains were blown by the wind onto the stigma of this flower from a different species of
plant.

State two ways in which the flower from which these pollen grains were blown would
differ from the flower whose stigma and ovary are shown in Fig. 6.1.

1.

2.

[2]

(e) After the events shown in Fig. 6.1, ovaries develop into fruits, which help to disperse
the seeds inside them.

Draw a fruit that is dispersed by animals. Label the fruit to explain how it is adapted for
animal dispersal.

[3]

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7 (a) Iodine-123 and iodine-131 are radioactive isotopes of iodine that are used to treat For
patients in medicine. Iodine-123 emits gamma radiation and has a half-life of 13.6 Examiner's
Use
hours. Iodine-131 emits both beta and gamma radiation and has a half-life of 8 days.

(i) What is the meaning of the term isotope?

[1]

(ii) State and explain two reasons why it would be safer for a patient to use iodine-123
rather than iodine-131.

1.

2.

[4]

(b) Americium-241 has a proton number of 95 and a nucleon (mass) number of 241.

What are the proton number and nucleon number of the atom formed when one atom
of americium-241 emits one alpha particle?

proton number

nucleon number [2]

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BLANK PAGE

Please turn over for question 8

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8 Fig. 8.1 shows three cells in a leaf. For

Examiner's
Use

direction
of water
movement

cell A cell B cell C

Fig. 8.1

(a) Name the tissue in which these cells are found.

[1]

(b) Describe one feature, shown in Fig. 8.1, which indicates that these cells are adapted
for photosynthesis.

[2]

(c) The arrows in Fig. 8.1 show the direction in which water is moving between these cells.

(i) Name the process by which the water is moving.

[1]

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(ii) What does the movement of water suggest about the relative concentration of cell For
sap in cells A, B and C? Examiner's
Use

Explain your answer.

[2]

(d) (i) Describe how water is transported from the roots of the plant to the cells shown in
Fig. 8.1.

[2]

(ii) Explain how the rate of water transport to the leaves would be affected if the day
became very hot and sunny.

[2]

(e) Outline two ways in which the tissues in a leaf are supported.

1.

2.

[2]

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9 Some children are swimming in a swimming pool. For

Examiner's
Use
(a) The children make some small waves on the surface of the water.

(i) Are these waves longitudinal or transverse?

Explain your answer.

[1]

(ii) The waves are travelling at a speed of 0.5 m / s and with a frequency of 2 Hz.

Calculate the wavelength of these waves.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used

working

[2]

(b) The mass of water in the pool is 60 000 kg.

The specific heating capacity of water is 4200 J / kg oC. The water is heated from 25 oC
to 30 oC.

Calculate the energy needed to do this.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used

working

[2]

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(c) When the children leave the pool, the water on their bodies evaporates. For
Examiner's
Use
Explain how this evaporation takes place in terms of water particles.

[2]

(d) There is a lamp at the bottom of the pool. Fig. 9.1 shows a ray of light from the lamp
travelling up to the surface.

air
surface

water

bottom of pool

lamp

Fig. 9.1

The ray of light passes through the surface of the water and up into the air.

On the diagram, draw the path of the ray as it leaves the water and goes through the
air. [2]

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BLANK PAGE

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10 A student added three substances, A, B and C, to three separate beakers each with 25 cm3 For
of dilute sulphuric acid as shown in Fig. 10.1. Examiner's
Use

substance
stirring rod

25 cm3 dilute
sulphuric acid

Fig. 10.1

The observations which the student made are shown in Table 10.1.

Table 10.1

substance observations

• gas given off which turns limewater milky

A
• colourless solution formed

• gas given off which burns with a squeaky

B pop when ignited
• colourless solution formed

• no gas given off

C
• blue solution formed

(a) (i) Explain which one of the substances, A, B, or C, could have been
magnesium carbonate.

[2]

(ii) Explain which one of the substances, A, B, or C, has reacted with sulphuric acid
according to the equation below.

H2SO4 + CuO CuSO4 + H2O

[2]

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(b) Sulphuric acid occurs in acid rain which forms when rain falls through polluted air. Acid For
rain may collect in lakes causing harm to plant and animal life. Examiner's
Use

Fig. 10.2 shows two lakes, X and Y, situated in an area known to be affected by acid
rain. The water draining into the lakes flows over different types of rock as shown.

lake X
sedimentary rocks
mainly limestone

igneous rock
lake Y containing
no limestone

Fig. 10.2

Water samples from lakes X and Y were tested and the concentration of sulphuric acid
in the samples is shown below.

concentration of sulphuric acid /

lake
moles per dm3

X 0.01

Y 0.0005

(i) Suggest and explain why the concentrations of sulphuric acid in the two lakes are
different.

[2]

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(ii) The volume of water in lake X is 10 000 000 dm3. For

Examiner's
Use
Calculate the total mass of sulphuric acid in lake X.

Show your working.

[3]

(c) Sulphuric acid is one of the substances used in the manufacture of detergents.
Detergents help to remove grease from clothes.

Fig. 10.3 shows a simplified diagram of a typical detergent molecule. One end of the
molecule has the properties of an ionic compound, and the rest of the molecule has the
properties of a covalent compound.

covalent ‘tail’

ionic ‘head’

Fig. 10.3

Describe and explain briefly how detergent molecules help to remove grease from
clothes. You may draw simple diagrams to help you to answer this question.

[3]

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© UCLES 2007
DATA SHEET
The Periodic Table of the Elements
Group
I II III IV V VI VII 0
1 4
H He
Hydrogen Helium
1 2

7 9 11 12 14 16 19 20
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulphur Chlorine Argon
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton

publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
24

85 88 89 91 93 96 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon

0654/03/O/N/07
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

133 137 139 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
55 56 57 * 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

226 227
Fr Ra Ac

Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
Francium Radium Actinium
87 88 89

140 141 144 150 152 157 159 162 165 167 169 173 175
*58-71 Lanthanoid series
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
90-103 Actinoid series Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
a a = relative atomic mass 232 238
Key X X = atomic symbol Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
b b = proton (atomic) number 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).

University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
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