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Embedded Linux Kernel Make With Compressed Boot PDF

The document discusses the Linux kernel build and boot process for embedded systems. It begins by explaining how to build the kernel using make. It then describes the key files and directories involved, including the head file which initializes registers and disables caches before jumping to startup functions. Finally, it outlines the boot sequence where the boot block loads the head and misc files from flash into RAM, which then load and run the kernel and optional initrd files.

Uploaded by

Mochamad Rizal Jauhari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
233 views

Embedded Linux Kernel Make With Compressed Boot PDF

The document discusses the Linux kernel build and boot process for embedded systems. It begins by explaining how to build the kernel using make. It then describes the key files and directories involved, including the head file which initializes registers and disables caches before jumping to startup functions. Finally, it outlines the boot sequence where the boot block loads the head and misc files from flash into RAM, which then load and run the kernel and optional initrd files.

Uploaded by

Mochamad Rizal Jauhari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Embedded Linux:

Kernel Make
(compressed with boot)

kernel

in $(TOPDIR)

% make
-- $(TOPDIR)
linux
(
vmlinux)
.
% file linux
ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Advanced RISC Machines ARM, version 1,
statically linked, not stripped

kernel

: File sequence

head-armv.S
or
head-arm-dsc21.S
main.c

arch/armnommu/kernel
init/

.
.
.
.
http://network.hanbat.ac.kr

Embedded Linux

arch/arm/kernel/head-armv.S

Set

r0 = 0, r1= unique architecture number, MMU = off, I-cache =


on/off, D-cache = off
mode to supervisor, all IRQs to disable

bl __lookup_processor_type

bl __lookup_architecture_type

goto __arm720_setup (in file proc-arm720.S)


goto __mmap_switched

goto SYMBOL_NAME(start_kernel)

http://network.hanbat.ac.kr

Embedded Linux

Linux architecture-independent initialization

Refer

http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Linux-Init-HOWTO-5.html

main.c/start_kernel()

setup_arch()

setup_processor()
setup_architecture(machine_arch_type)
init_bootmem_node(), free_bootmem(), paging_init(),

trap_init(), init_IRQ() /* initialize IRQ handler */


sched_init()
softirq_init()
time_init(); /* initialize timer */
console_init()
init_modules()
kmem_cache_init(), mem_init(),
mount initrd (maybe)

cpu_idle();

http://network.hanbat.ac.kr

Embedded Linux

kernel

(not completed)
* (.text.init)
x16

.init

x 4096

* (.proc .info)
* (.arc h.info)

_stext, __init_begin
__proc_info_begin
__proc_info_end, __arch_info_begin

* (.data.init)

__arch_info_end

* (.setup.init)

__setup_start

* (.initc all.init)
* (.text)

__setup_end, __initcall_start
_text

...
.text

* (__ex_table)
* (__ksymtab)
* (__kallsyms)
* (.got)

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Embedded Linux

__start___ex_table
__stop___ex_table, __start___ksymtab
__stop___ksymtab, __start___kallsyms
__stop___kallsyms,
_etext

boot/compressed/vmlinux

boot/zImage

$(TOPDIR)/arch/
armnommu/boot/
compressed/vmlinux

head.o
misc.o

,
in ...boot/c ompressed/
head-armv.S
or
head-arm-dsc21.S
main.c

.
.
.

y
objcop
gzip, ld

http://network.hanbat.ac.kr

$(TOPDIR)/arch/
armnommu/boot/
zImage

y
objcop

zImage

kernel
(piggy.o)

Embedded Linux

$(TOPDIR)/arch/armnommu/boot/compressed/vmlinux

text

*(.start)
*(.text)
*(.fixup)
*(.gnu.warning)
*(.rodata)
*(.rodata.*)
*(.glue_7)
*(.glue_7t)
piggy.o

data
bss
stack

http://network.hanbat.ac.kr

*(.data)
*(.bss)
*(.stack)

Embedded Linux

LOAD_ADDR, _load_addr,
TEXT_START, _text, _start

input_data
input_data_end, _etext
_edata, BSS_START, __bss_start
_end
user_stack, sp (initially)
7

Flash Image

...boot/bootp/bootp
(Flash
)

init.o
zImage

ld

kernel.o

flash
kernel.o initrd.o
RAM
,
kernel.o
in .../boot/bootp/

initrd.o
ld

initrd

http://network.hanbat.ac.kr

Embedded Linux

Overall Flash Image

,
in .. .boot/ c ompressed/

init.o
head.o
misc.o

head-armv.S
or
head-arm-dsc21.S
main.c

.
.
.

http://network.hanbat.ac.kr

flash
kernel.o initrd.o
RAM
,
kernel.o
in .../ boot/bootp/

kernel.o

kernel
( piggy.o)
initrd.o

Embedded Linux

Booting Scenario (1)

,
in ...boot /c ompressed/

Flash
init.o
head.o
misc.o

flash kernel.o
initrd.o
RAM
,
kernel.o
in .../boot/bootp/

kernel.o

(1)

kernel
( piggy.o)

http://network.hanbat.ac.kr

head-armv.S
or
head-arm-dsc21.S
main.c

.
.
.

initrd.o

boot
block

RAM

(1) power-on
boot block pc
flash
init.o
.
(pc
r0=0, r1="unique
architecture #, MMU off, D-cache
off
.
head-armv.S
.)

Embedded Linux

10

Booting Scenario (2)

,
in ... boot/ c ompressed/

Flash
init.o
head.o
misc.o

(2 )

kernel.o

kernel
( piggy.o)

.
.
.
(2) Flash

http://network.hanbat.ac.kr

head-armv.S
or
head-arm-dsc21.S
main.c

initrd.o

boot
block

RAM
head.o
misc.o

initrd.o
,

Embedded Linux

kernel
( piggy.o)
initrd.o

init.o
, kernel.o
RAM
kernel.o
.
11

Booting Scenario (3)

,
in . ..boot/c ompressed/

Flash
init.o
head.o
misc.o

head-armv.S
or
head-arm-dsc21.S
kernel.o

kernel
( piggy.o)

main.c

kernel
( piggy.o)

.
.
.

http://network.hanbat.ac.kr

(3)

initrd.o

initrd.o

boot
block

RAM
head.o
misc.o

(3) head.o
.

kernel

Embedded Linux

12

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